Factors Behind “Digital Divide” :Income and …….. Yoshiki Mikami Nagaoka University of...
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Factors Behind “Digital Divide” :Income and …….. Yoshiki Mikami Nagaoka University of Technology [email protected] http://kjs.nagaokaut.ac.jp/mikami UNU/IAS, Tokyo June 30, 2000
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Transcript of Factors Behind “Digital Divide” :Income and …….. Yoshiki Mikami Nagaoka University of...
Factors Behind “Digital Divide”:Income and ……..
Yoshiki Mikami
Nagaoka University of Technology
http://kjs.nagaokaut.ac.jp/mikami
UNU/IAS, Tokyo
June 30, 2000
0
500
1000
1500
2000
NA 46< 100< 215< 464< 1,000< 2,154< 4,642< 10,000< 21,544<
Per Capita Income (US$)
Pop
ulat
ion
(mill
ion)
0
100
200
300
400
Pop
ulat
ion
who
hav
e ac
cess
(m
illio
n)
PopulationTelephone AccessMobile AccessInternet Access
Fig.1 Global Digital Divide
0
500
1000
1500
2000
NA 46< 100< 215< 464< 1,000< 2,154< 4,642< 10,000< 21,544<
Per Capita Income (US$)
Pop
ulat
ion
(milli
on)
0
250
500
750
1000
Num
ber
of p
opul
atio
n who
hav
e ac
cess
to
each
med
ia(p
er 1
000)
Population
Telephone Access
Mobile Access
Internet Access
Fig.2 Communication Media Access by Income
Map of Writing Systems
Source: Akira Nakanishi, Writing Systems of the World, Churles Tutle Co., Tokyo
Hanzi
Indic Scripts
Fig.3 Latin & Non-Latin Population Spectrum
0
500
1000
1500
2000
NA 46< 100< 215< 464< 1,000< 2,154< 4,642< 10,000< 21,544<
TotalLatin+ex t e n s i o n sNon-Latin
Fig.4 Latin & Non-Latin Internet User Spectrum
0
500
1000
1500
2000
NA 46< 100< 215< 464< 1,000< 2,154< 4,642< 10,000< 21,544<0
50
100
150
200
TotalLatin+ex t e n s i o n sNon-Latin
Fig.5 Internet User Density by Income and Scripts
0.001
0.01
0.1
1
10
100
1000
100 1000 10000 100000
LatinArabic+HebrewCyrril+GreekIndian DerivativesHanzi+Kana+Hangul
Region ６０ s ７０ s ８０ s ９０ s
America ＡＳＣＩＩEurope ＥＣＭＡ Expansion to other European Languages
GreeceSlavic Cyril East European LanguagesArabic ＣＯＤＡＲ ＡＳＭＯHebrew ＥＣＭＡ１２１
【 Asia 】 （ Kana ） （ Hanzi ）Japan ＪＩＳ 6220-69 ＪＩＳ 6226-78 Expansion of HanziChina ＧＢ 2312-80 Expansion of Hanzi Korea ＫＳＣ 5601-87Thailand ＴＩＳ 620-86Vietnam ＴＣＶＮ 5412-93India ＩＳＳＣＩＩ -83........and more ........and more
Fig.6 Computer Penetration requires Character Code Standards
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000
Japan
Korea
China
India
Thailand
SriLanka
Vietnam
Myanmar
Fig.7 Computer Penetration requires Character Code Standards
JIS C6226-1978108
107
106
105
104
103 ISSCII-1983 TIS 620-1986
JIS C6220-1969
GB2312-1980 KS C5601-1987
Source : AFSIT Proceedings 1987-1993, MLIT ‘97, CICC, Computer Industry Almanac1997
TCVN5412-1993
Estimated Number of Computers in Use
SLS 1134-1996
©1998YoshikiMikami
0
500
1000
1500
2000
46< 100< 215< 464< 1,000< 2,154< 4,642< 10,000< 21,544<Income level (US$)
Popu
latio
n (m
illion
)
0.E+00
1.E+07
2.E+07
3.E+07
4.E+07
Cons
umpt
ion
(t)
Population
Latin+extensions
Arabic+Hebrew
Cyrril+Greek
Indian Derivatives
Hanzi+Kana+Hangul
Fig.8 Printing and writing Paper Concumption
