Factors Aff Toursm
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Transcript of Factors Aff Toursm
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8/4/2019 Factors Aff Toursm
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FACTORS AFFECTING TOURISM
Done By:
DHELEEPAN
3rd YearBSc Geography, Travel and Tourism Management
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FACTORS AFFECTING TOURISM
FACTORS:
Attractions
Physical factors
Political factorsCultural Factors
Economic factors
Economic and regional development
Social Factors
Travel formalities and regulationsTravel restrictions
Tourism Policy
Health issues
Conflicts/wars
Terrorism
Tourism is said to be the worlds largest industry. Hence a large number of factors shape
tourism. The major types of factors that affect tourism are given below:
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ATTRACTIONS
A good number of attractions attract a good number of tourists.
Different attractions attract different types of tourists and tourism.
A hilly region attracts nature lovers.
A beach resort attracts beach lovers and water sport enthusiasts.
Pilgrim centers attract religious tourists.
Though attractions attract people they should be well maintained otherwise people would
ignore it. The best example for one such case is Hampi.
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PHYSICAL FACTORS
The physical features of a destination plays a major role in determining the tourist flow
to that region.
A contrasting physical feature in a geographical area attracts more people. For eg,
Ooty is a hill station in Tamil Nadu. It attracts lot of tourists from the state as one can
experience cool climate and scenery which cannot be experienced in the plains and
plateaus of Tamilnadu.
For good inflow of tourists a region should have:Moderate climatic conditions
Good aesthetic beauty
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POLITICAL FACTORS
The political factors play a major in determining the tourist inflow. The major political
issues that affect tourism are:Political disputes between two countries
Weak political situation
Political conflicts.
An example of a country neglected by majority of tourists because of weak political
situation is Egypt.
At the same time political factors also have some good influence on tourism if
There be good political relations between two countries
Stable government provides security.
Malaysia is a good example.
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CULTURAL FACTORS
A country with good cultural background attracts large number of people. There is a desire to
experience the different cultures in different parts of the world. For culture to be a majortourism resource the destination should pay more attention to:
Preserve culture
Preserve historical monuments
Organize shows exhibiting culture
Check cultural leakage.
Cultural leakage is a great
hindrance for tourism.
Culture itself sometimes stops tourists visiting a destination when:
The culture of the destination is primitive
The culture of the destination is not tourist friendly. A good
example could be Nicobar Islands.
Culture is not preserved.
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ECONOMIC FACTORS
The economy of a destination also plays a role in attracting tourists. The better the economic
development better is the inflow of tourists. Better economy means better facilities, better
transport, better the experience.
But however we must also note that incase of eco tourism or rural tourism the region should
be remote, unexploited and should be less developed.
France could be a good example.
Sharavathi Valley in India is an example.
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If a region is economically and regionally well
developed then it means it has good infrastructure
to attract tourists.
Good infrastructure is a key factor in building theimage of a destination. Good infrastructure means:
Good Transport facilities
Good accommodation
Good maintenance of the attractions
Good connectivity, etc.
In general the more the region is developed the
better the infrastructure. The better the
infrastructure the better is the tourist inflow.
ECONOMIC AND REGIONAL
DEVELOPMENT
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SOCIAL FACTORS
The social factors also are responsible in attracting tourists.
The social factors include:
Safety
Security
Friendliness
Hospitality
In general everybody looks for safety that too when out of station. So safety and security are
important factors in determining tourist arrivals. Good safety means good tourist inflow.
If the people are friendly the better is the tourist inflow.
Indians hesitate to visit Philippines, Pakistan or Australia because of safety reasons.
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TRAVEL FORMALITIES
The travel formalities play a major role in attracting tourists. There is generally a lot of
formalities imposed on foreign tourists like:Passport
VISA
Travel Insurance
Money exchange, etc
Visiting certain areas also require:
Special permission
Experienced escorts,etc.
The obtaining of travel documents is expensive. Only the rich can afford it. Moreover obtaining
special permissions is a difficult task. Hence too much of travel formalities again affects tourism.
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TRAVEL RESTRICTIONS
There are also various restrictions imposed on a traveler. These affect tourism on a large scale.
The major may include:
Amount of liquor, cigars a person can carry
Amount of cash a person can carry
Restrictions on pets
Restrictions on medicine
Relaxation of restrictions will attract more tourists. The European Union has abolished customs
among its member countries.
The customs department takes care of these restrictions.
TAXATIONHeavy taxation and service charges result in less movement of tourists.
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TOURISM POLICY
The Tourism Policy of a country plays an important role in the development of tourism.
The more flexible and more friendly the policy is the more is the tourist arrival.More funds should be allotted for tourism for more tourists to come.
France and Malaysia are some of the examples of countries having good tourism policy.
PAID HOLIDAYS
Certain governmental and private organizations provide paid holidays to their
employees. This has resulted in considerable increase in tourism.
The concept of LTC ( Leave Travel Concession) present in the Government of India isan example.
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HEALTH ISSUES
The health issues affects tourism. If health conditions are good at the destination or the
conditions of health in the home country of the tourist is good then better is the inflow of tourists.
The prevalence of Yellow fever, etc in Africa has resulted in mandatory vaccinations
against the disease. Similarly when tourists from infected countries come to a destination
they are expected to undergo certain tests.
Spread of epidemics is another issue. People become scared to visit
a destination and people from the infected countries are not
allowed to enter unaffected countries. Best includes include:Swine flu
Bird flu
SARS
Anthrax, etc.
Though health issues pose threat to tourism providing alternative medicine and providing cure forillness has result in the development of health tourism.
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CONFLICTS/ WARSCivil wars within or between two countries always keeps tourism at bay. The best examples could
be :
Israel- Palestine conflictLibyan war
TERRORISMCountries that are prone to terrorism are best avoided by tourists. The best examples include
Pakistan, Afghanistan, etc.
CONCLUSION
The major factors that affect tourism both positively and negatively were discussed . For better
inflow of tourists these factors should be kept at the required level.
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THANK YOU