FACT SHEET No. 19 CASE STUDY: LOW COST HEAT TREATMENT ... · 2 Provided by Mr. M.Humayun Kabir,...
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FACT SHEET No. 19 CASE STUDY: LOW COST HEAT TREATMENT DISINFESTATION PROCESS FOR MEETING ISPM 15 STANDARDS IN BANGLADESH Background ISPM 15 standards were introduced by the International Plant Protection Convention (IPPC) for compliance by exporters, who are using timber-packaging materials. Methyl Bromide is recommended as a fumigant that could be used for this fumigation application. As importers insisted compliance with these standards and use of Methyl Bromide for this purpose is Quarantine Pre-Shipment (QPS) application, Methyl Bromide is being extensively used by the exporters for this application. As per IPPC, heat treatment is also recommended as an alternative under ISPM 15. New Dacca Industries Limited, Bangladesh (NDI), have discovered an innovative cost effective heat treatment method for ISPM 15, which is free of any Methyl Bromide use. Given that Methyl Bromide use is increasing due to use by exporters for adhering to ISPM-15 standards and this use is not subject to Montreal Protocol phaseout limits as it is a QPS use under Montreal Protocol, adoption of simple and cost-effective technical options such as this can be good models for reducing such Methyl Bromide use. This fact sheet presents an overview of this Methyl Bromide free process. Introduction Historically, raw jute and jute products were shipped to the importing countries by break-bulk – in bales either tied with (jute) ropes or wrapped in (jute) Hessian cloths – without the use of any foreign packaging materials. Since the international merchandise movements shifted from break-bulk to containers, the use of wood for packaging jute and jute goods started. Wood is used as ‘core’ and in ‘pallets’. ISMP 15 requirements ISPM 15 is the ‘International Standards for Phytosanitary Measures Publication No. 15: Guidelines for Regulating Wood Packaging Material in International Trade’. This international regulation was introduced by International Plant Protection Convention (IPPC) for control and spread of forest pests and timber diseases resulting from use of wood packaging material in international trade. As per ISPM 15 standards, many countries now require imported timber to satisfy the ISPM 15 phytosanitary regulations, which are recognized by the World Trade Organization. Impact of ISPM 15 on fumigation of wood for pallets ISPM 15 standards require that wood packaging materials need to be treated in a schedule that achieves a minimum core temperature of 56 degrees centigrade for a minimum of 30 minutes or fumigated using Methyl Bromide. For adhering to these standards, process adopted by NDI is briefly explained below: Technology adopted The process of Heat Treatment followed by NDI is simple and requires a boiler, an open tank, and temperature recording tools/apparatus. The boiler generates steam, which is carried through the pipes to the tank to make the water therein hot. The open tank is the chamber where the wood is first stacked and then the water is pumped in. Steam (at 5kg PI) is released in the tank where wood is already stacked and submerged in water. Then the tank is covered up. The water temperature reaches 80º C within an hour. This water temperature and the flow of steam (at 5kg PI) need to be continued for another 7 hours to ensure that the core (inside) temperature of the wood remains at least 56º C for minimum 30 minutes. 1 The International Plant Protection Convention (IPPC) is an international treaty administered by the Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) and implemented through the cooperation of member Governments 19.indd 1 10/4/2552 10:36:54
Transcript of FACT SHEET No. 19 CASE STUDY: LOW COST HEAT TREATMENT ... · 2 Provided by Mr. M.Humayun Kabir,...
FACT SHEET No. 19CASE STUDY: LOW COST HEAT TREATMENT
DISINFESTATION PROCESS FOR MEETING ISPM 15STANDARDS IN BANGLADESH
Background
ISPM 15 standards were introduced by the International Plant Protection Convention (IPPC) for compliance by exporters, who are using timber-packaging materials. Methyl Bromide is recommended as a fumigant that could be used for this fumigation application. As importers insisted compliance with these standards and use of Methyl Bromide for this purpose is Quarantine Pre-Shipment (QPS) application, Methyl Bromide is being extensively used by the exporters for this application.
As per IPPC, heat treatment is also recommended as an alternative under ISPM 15. New Dacca Industries Limited, Bangladesh (NDI), have discovered an innovative cost effective heat treatment method for ISPM 15, which is free of any Methyl Bromide use. Given that Methyl Bromide use is increasing due to use by exporters for adhering to ISPM-15 standards and this use is not subject to Montreal Protocol phaseout limits as it is a QPS use under Montreal Protocol, adoption of simple and cost-effective technical options such as this can be good models for reducing such Methyl Bromide use. This fact sheet presents an overview of this Methyl Bromide free process.
Introduction
Historically, raw jute and jute products were shipped to the importing countries by break-bulk – in bales either tied with (jute) ropes or wrapped in (jute) Hessian cloths – without the use of any foreign packaging materials. Since the international merchandise movements shifted from break-bulk to containers, the use of wood for packaging jute and jute goods started. Wood is used as ‘core’ and in ‘pallets’.
ISMP 15 requirements
ISPM 15 is the ‘International Standards for Phytosanitary Measures Publication No. 15: Guidelines for Regulating Wood Packaging Material in International Trade’. This international regulation was introduced by International Plant Protection Convention (IPPC) for control and spread of forest pests and timber diseases resulting from use of wood packaging material in international trade.
As per ISPM 15 standards, many countries now require imported timber to satisfy the ISPM 15 phytosanitary regulations, which are recognized by the World Trade Organization.
Impact of ISPM 15 on fumigation of wood for pallets
ISPM 15 standards require that wood packaging materials need to be treated in a schedule that achieves a minimum core temperature of 56 degrees centigrade for a minimum of 30 minutes or fumigated using Methyl Bromide.
For adhering to these standards, process adopted by NDI is briefly explained below:
Technology adopted
The process of Heat Treatment followed by NDI is simple and requires a boiler, an open tank, and temperature recording tools/apparatus. The boiler generates steam, which is carried through the pipes to the tank to make the water therein hot. The open tank is the chamber where the wood is first stacked and then the water is pumped in. Steam (at 5kg PI) is released in the tank where wood is already stacked and submerged in water. Then the tank is covered up. The water temperature reaches 80º C within an hour. This water temperature and the flow of steam (at 5kg PI) need to be continued for another 7 hours to ensure that the core (inside) temperature of the wood remains at least 56º C for minimum 30 minutes.
1 The International Plant Protection Convention (IPPC) is an international treaty administered by the Food and Agriculture Organisation
(FAO) and implemented through the cooperation of member Governments
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The process is pictorially depicted below2.
The following photographs provide details of the facility and main heat treatment process steps followed in this heat treatment process in Bangladesh.
Main benefi ts
The main benefi ts of adoption of this process are (a) Low investment and operating costs, (b) Simple operating process for heat treatment of wood pellets, (c) Equipment simple, easy to procure and install for operations, and (d) Elimination of use of Methyl Bromide for adherence to ISPM standards.
Energy effi ciency could be achieved where steam for achieving the temperature parameters indicated above can be obtained from the production process or waste heat recovery process.
Acknowledgement
1. Mr. M.Humayun Kabir, FCA, CEO – Jute Division, Beximco, Bangladesh.2. New Dacca Industries Limited, Dhaka, Bangladesh.3. National Ozone Unit, Ministry of Environment, Government of Bangladesh.4. Dr. Jonathan Banks, Member, Methyl Bromide Technical Options Committee.
2 Provided by Mr. M.Humayun Kabir, Bangladesh during presentation in a Thematic Meeting on Methyl Bromide Phaseout conducted by
UNEP in Katmandu, Nepal. Information on this was also provided during the meeting on Methyl Bromide held in Hua Hin, Thailand in
October 2005.
Graph/chart output to PCGraph/chart output to PC
TEMPERATURERECORDER
BOILERHEAT TREATMENT CHAMBER
Nodes of Temperature Recorder
Steam carriers from the Boiler to the Chamber
Sensors connected to the woods being treated
Steam carriers from the Boiler to the ChamberSteam carriers from the Boiler to the Chamber
Connection to/from PC
Boiler Wood submerged in water
Temperature measurement
Heat Treatment water tank
Wood being heat-treated Treated wood sun-dried
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