Social Media: Where do Twitter, Facebook & others fit into education?
Facebook in Education CamTESOL 2012
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Using Facebook to extend learning into students’ digital lives
Chris Harwood & Brad BlackstoneNational University of Singapore
CamTESOL 2012
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Why use Facebook?
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Facebook Statistics
• 70% with Singapore’s online population.
• 26% of the Singaporean market is made up of college-age users aged between 18 and 24 years old.
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Barseghian (2011) sites 50 reasons for using Facebook in the classroom, including increased collaboration, knowledge sharing and feedback
to name just three.
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Social Development Theory
… advocates learning contexts in which students are active in their own learning …
Vygotsky (1978)
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Distinctive Qualities of Students TodayBernstein (2011)
• Affinity for technology• Connectedness with others (contact via social
media/socialize in groups/relate to others at a distance)
• Visual orientation to the world• Flexible attention (use multi-modal approaches)
• Personal meaning as motivation
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Pedagogical imperative
…. to devise learning activities and
assignments that recognize these qualities …
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4 Principles of connectivismSiemens (2005)
• Learning and knowledge rests in diversity of opinions.
• Learning is a process of connecting specialized nodes or information sources.
• Nurturing and maintaining connections is needed to facilitate continual learning.
• Ability to see connections between fields, ideas, and concepts is a core skill.
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ES2002 student posting a relevant article link
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A former ES2002 student posting a comment
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ES2002 instructor posting a relevant article link
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ES2002: Sharing Information
• 97% read/watched course related materials using the class Facebook page.
• 72% agreed they found the links the lecturer recommended useful a further 25% strongly agreed.
• 87% agreed the links their classmates posted were useful a further 13% strongly agreed.
• 66.7 % would like to discuss the course topics more on Facebook but 33.3% disagree.
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ES2002: Sharing Information
• 100% agreed they liked learning Communication Skills from video explanations/lectures 16% of which strongly agreed.
• 89% believe Finding/Sharing video links and articles was effective for learning.
• 100% believe accessing/viewing video links and articles was effective for learning.
• 94% agreed with the statement “Having a course FB page helped me better understand communication principles and effective practice”.
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ES2002: What are the strengths of having a course Facebook page?
• “It is interactive and is a more relaxed platform for learning.”
• “People can just share their thoughts on the page without awkwardness or fear of 'rejection'.”
• “Higher accessibility as students tend to use Facebook more often than read their course notes.”
• “It's easy to re-visit the useful links that were posted long ago.”
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ES2002: What are the strengths of having a course Facebook page?
• “A good platform for tutors and students to share relevant content such as videos.”
• “Helps to extend learning beyond curriculum time in an interesting and interactive manner.”
• “It gives students a platform to share articles/links that they come across while working on their projects, so that others can benefit from them as well.”
• “Different people from different tutorial classes can come together to share information they know about the topic.”
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ES2007S student posting a relevant article link
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ES2007S student posting a relevant video link
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ES2007S instructor posting a relevant article
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ES2007S instructor request for students to do an online survey
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ES2007S: Sharing Information
• 87% (of 40) had found and uploaded links.
• 20% had uploaded a link to a video or article at least once every two weeks.
• 97% had accessed and read article.
• 56% did so at least once a week.
• 95% had accessed and watched a video.
• 49% had done so at least once a week.
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ES2007S: Sharing Information
• 75% (of 40) had made a wall post.
• 87.5% had left comments on the wall posts or links of others.
• 97% agreed that “Finding/sharing a link to a video or article was effective for learning.”
• 92% agreed that “Having a course Facebook page has helped me understand communication principles and effective practice.”
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ES2007S Student Comments
• “one more way to interact and learn”
• “Facebook provides a platform for students to share what they have learnt or post relevant articles, videos, etc., where they can get valuable feedback from their peers…”
• “allows one to learn outside of class and reflect on what has been taught earlier…”
• “materials can be shared without eating into curriculum time”
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Challenges
• Overlapping with “private world”• Uneven participation• Keeping the wall “academic”• Posting inappropriate content and/or opinions
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References
• Bernstein, D. (2011, Dec 9). Constructing Meaning from the Inside Out. International Conference on Teaching and Learning in Higher Education. Centre for the development of Teaching & Learning, National University of Singapore.
• Blackstone’s World Without Walls. (2012). Retrieved October 11, 2011, from https://www.facebook.com/BlackstoneWorldWithoutWalls
• Socialbalers.com. (2012). Singapore Facebook Statistic. Retrieved January 5th , 2012, from http://www.socialbakers.com/facebook-statistics/singapore
• Siemens, G. (2005). Connectivism: A learning theory for the digital age. elearnspace.org. Retrieved October 11, 2011, from http://www.elearnspace.org/Articles/connectivism.htm
• Vygotsky, L.S. (1978). Mind and society: The development of higher mental processes. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
• Wenger, E. (1998). Communities of practice: Learning as a social system. Systems Thinker. 9(5).
• @ Biz Comm. (ES2002). Retrieved October 11, 2011, from https://www.facebook.com/pages/-Biz-Comm-ES2002/142920579099400