Extreme weather and the city
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1Climate Institute Kickoff
April 10, 2023
1
Extreme weather and the city
Marie-claire ten VeldhuisClimate Institute Kickoff
1 March 2012
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2Climate Institute Kickoff
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3Climate Institute Kickoff
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4Climate Institute Kickoff
April 10, 2023
Extreme rainfall in cities
Delft, August 2010
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5Climate Institute Kickoff
April 10, 2023
Extreme rainfall in cities
Delft, August 2010
What exactly happened? How much rainfall? Capacity problem? Blockage? Human error?
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6Climate Institute Kickoff
Pmax
0.000
0.200
0.400
0.600
0.800
1.000
1.200
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
A [L2]
rain
fall
[L/T
]Area effect
Max precipitation
Area size
Average rainfall area A1Average rainfall area
A2
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7Climate Institute Kickoff
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8Climate Institute Kickoff
±10 km
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9Climate Institute Kickoff
Extreme rainfall in the city:
we do not have
representative data
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10Climate Institute Kickoff
Urban hydrology:High building density:
fast runoff processes
Rainfall peaks are crucial !
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11Climate Institute Kickoff
(15 min accumulation for Crug-y-Gorllwyn, 07-04-2009 (2130), courtesy MetOffice)
5 km resolution 1 km resolution
Prevailing wind (~ 19
mph) (~ 30 km/h)
Prevailing wind (~ 19
mph) (~ 30 km/h)
Rainfall radar: spatial rainfall distribution
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12Climate Institute Kickoff
Oranjepolder: 490 ha Prinsenbeek: 100 ha
Urban hydrology:
High building density fast runoff processes
Rainfall peaks are crucial !
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13Climate Institute Kickoff
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14Climate Institute Kickoff
Extreme weather in the city: we need more representative
and higher resolution data
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15Climate Institute Kickoff
Urban hydrology
Oranjepolder: 490 ha Prinsenbeek: 100 ha
Required data resolution << 1 km in space; < 5 min in time
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16Climate Institute Kickoff
RAINGAIN – high resolution rainfall data in cities
Rotterdam (NL)
Leuven (B)
Paris (F)
London (UK)
Xband/Improved Cband radars in 4
Pilots:
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17Climate Institute Kickoff
RAINGAIN – high resolution rainfall data in cities
oWP1: Installation and testing of radarsLead: ParisTech
oWP2: Fine-scale rainfall data acquisition and predictionLead: KU Leuven
oWP3:Urban pluvial flood modelling and predictionLead: Imperial College of London
oWP4:Implementation of fine-scale rainfall data, flood modellingand prediction into urban water management practiceLead: TU Delft
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18Climate Institute Kickoff
RAINGAIN – high resolution rainfall data in cities
Will rainfall radar work in urban area with high rise?
What spatial and time resolutions do we need ?
Interaction between rainfall and runoff processes ?
High resolution data on flood occurrence ?
Use of social media in collection of rainfall and flood data ?
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19Climate Institute Kickoff
Extreme weather and the city
Need for an investigative eye
Heavy rainfall: high resolution data
Storm: wind speeds near high buildings?
Heat: Effect of green spaces and building shades on temperature ?
Long-term trends ?
Climate in megacities ?
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20Climate Institute Kickoff
Extreme weather in
cities: research
environment for the future