The international magazine for the Claremont Colleges

ExtravaganzaN

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2 Extravaganza|2010

Th e Literature Issue.

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READING GERMAN POETRYby EDIE HARRIS

KOREAN LITERATUREby HAEYOUNG YOON

RUSSIAN LITERATUREby IGOR TISCHENKO

HINDI LITERATUREby RACHIT KHAITAN

[FRENCH]GERMINAL: A DOWN-TO-EARTH NOVELby ALICE MIRLESSE

[ITALIAN]A FREE MAN IN THE MIDDLE AGESby RODRIGO RANERO

[CHINESE]LEGENDARY YOUTHby WENDY QIAN

Ich hatte mir selbst vor einer Weile gesagt, dass ich mich mit deutscher Literatur beschftigen mchte. Aber Goethes Faust zu lesen ist nicht gerade eine Aktivitt, die ich fr einen Frei-tagabend plane. Mehrere kurze Reden von Kafka sind gut ins Englische bersetzt, ganz zu schweigen von den Vokabeln, die ich mit Hilfe meiner Lernkarten lerne. Dann fiel es mir ein: Ich knnte Gedichte lesen!

Als ich sie zum ersten Mal gelesen hatte, dachte ich die ei-gentliche Wirkung, die die deutschen Gedichte auf mich haben wrden, sei sehr klein. Aber nein, es brauchte nur ein paar Ge-dichte, um mir meine Skepsis zu nehmen. Die richtigen Dichter schreiben einfach aber wahr. Man braucht nur zwei oder drei kurze Abschnitte, um ein flchtiges oder unwichtiges Ereignis zu einem Moment von reiner, liebenswr-diger Schnheit zu machen.

Ich knnte dir etwas ber ein Gedicht Rilkes erzhlen, dass Wahnsinn heit, oder ich knnte dir etwas erzhlen ber unheim-liche Tiere, Einsamkeit, Nostalgie fr Kindheit... oder ber jede von Brechts Leidensgeschichten ber Heimat, Lust und Liebeaber das musst du wirklich selber lesen, bevor du es mir glaubst. Finde ein Cafe oder schattigen Baum (Pitzer Studenten, ein Kaktus wrde fr euch auch passen) und lies ein paar Gedichte. Sie dmpfen die schlechten Teil des StudentenlebensHausauf-gabe, lernen, Zeitplne und Prfungenund macht die deut-sche Sprache lebendiger als sie im Klassenraum je sein knnte.

Ich liebe zu lesen.Ich liebe zu lesen.Extravaganza|2010 3

I had told myself for a while that I wanted to immerse myself in the literature of a dif-ferent language. But digesting the entirety of Faust isnt an activity that I would will-ingly schedule into my Friday nights; and shorter and more immediately enticing reads like Kafka are convoluted enough in English, let alone in a language that I am shuffling through piles of flashcards to learn. So, I had been pondering about how I would do a little self-reflective brooding under the guise of language emersion (as is fitting for the liberal arts college vibe). Then it came to me: I could read poetry!

While the actual effect I believed antiquated German poets would have on my life when I first started reading them was quite minimal, it took me only a couple of poems before I was forced to swallow my skepticism. German poetry waves a magic wand of luminescence over almost any normal activity, and really can influence your view of the world. The right poets are simple and pure. Two or three short paragraphs is all it takes to transform an unimportant, fleeting event into a moment of sheer and gentle beauty.

I could tell you about Rilkes poem about Madness or eerie zoo animals or solitude, or any of Brechts stories about homeland, nostalgia for a childhood, or lust and

love, but you really have to read it for yourself before you believe me. Find a coffee shop or a shady tree (Note to Pitzer people: a cactus would suffice

foryou), and read a little bit of poetry. It mutes out the all-too preva-lent buzz and stress of schedules and homework and midterms,

and makes language come alive in a way that we rarely ever encounter in the classroom.

READING READING GERMAN GERMAN POETRYPOETRYBY EDIE HARRIS (PO 13)

4 Extravaganza|2010

1880. Ayant pass des annes observer et rechercher les conditions de travail des ouvriers dans les mines de charbon, Zola russi nous en dpeindre le drame, tout en gardant un point de vue objectif et historiquement authentique. La qualit de la prose et lintrigue de la narration en font un roman non seulement informatif mais surtout passionnant! Lhistoire se droule en un mois, au cours duquel le personnage principal, tienne Lantier, essaie de se batt re contre les injustices sociales en encourageant les ouvriers se mett re en grve. Depuis, ses ides rvolutionnaires ont inspirs bien des partis et ont nourri lespoir des classes ouvrires denfi n obtenir une considra-tion lgitime dans la socit. Malgr ces e orts, la fermeture complte des mines de charbons en France ne se fera quen 1960, avec les premiers traits europens.

Le roman a depuis t adapt deux fois au cinma et dans de nombreuses pices de thtre, ce qui tmoigne de sa popularit auprs des lecteurs. Malgr la nature tragique de ses romans, Zola arrive nous en faire apprcier la valeur grce son style unique et son point de vue authentique sur des vnements qui ont form la socit franaise que nous connaissons aujourdhui. Il a laiss un bel exemple aux prochains crivains que les sujets les plus noirs sont peuvent tre rendu esthtiques et quil est mme possible de changer lopinion publique grce un simple roman.

Never will a work of art turn the repulsive into something beautiful seems to be a prevalent opinion these days however Emile Zola, a 19th century French writer will prove this wrong many times during his career.

Zola was one of the fi rst authors to oppose the predominant romantic style and to use a very down-to-earth writing style: using many details to create a feeling of realism. This perspective on literature engendered the literary movement called Naturalism, which later spread over all of Europe, with authors such as Honor de Balzac, George Bernard Shaw in England and Hauptmann in Germany. These writers were mainly infl uenced by Charles Darwins famous theory of evolution, and especially believed that human condition is inextricable, as it is inscribed in our genes and results from our direct environment.

As he dwelled upon the various social confl icts of his time, Emile Zola was often criticized for his blunt and pessimistic de-scriptions of everyday life. His most famous novel, Germinal, takes on a very controversial subject (especially among the conservative and socialist parties in France). In this book, Zola presents us with a harsh reality: that of the miners life in the 1880s. Having spent years observing and researching the work conditions of the coal pits laborers, Zola succeeds in depicting their tragedy, while always keeping an objective stance and historically authentic facts. The quality of his writing style and the intrigue of his narration make this work not only informative but also enjoyable! The story is held over a month, where the principal character, tienne Lantier, attempts to fi ght against social injustices by encouraging the workers to go on a strike. His revolutionary ideas have inspired many parties in France since and have provided food for thought to the working classes striving for a legitimate recognition of their rights in society. Despite these efforts, it is only in 1960 that the mines will start to shut down in France, following many other European examples.

Since then, The novel has been adapted to the large screen twice and to theater plays many times, which shows its popularity amongst the readers. In spite of the tragic nature of this work, Zola makes us appreciate it trough the beauty his unique style and authentic point of view on events that have shaped the French society that we now know. He has left a marking example to future writers, showing that one can render the harshest realities aesthetical in a work of art and that it is even possible to change public opinion through writing.

Littrature et culture: un Roman terre--terre Germinal dEmile ZolaGerminal dEmile Zola

Culture ulture through through literature: literature: A down-to-earth novel G E R M I N A LG E R M I N A L

JA I M E L I R EJA I M E L I R E

Jamais une uvre ne rendra beau limmonde semble tre une ide pr-dominante ces jours-ci et pourtant, Emile Zola, crivain du 19me sicle (poque remplie de rvolution sociale et litt raire dans toute lEurope), nous prouvera le contraire de nombreuses fois dans sa carrire.

Oppos au style romantique, Zola utilise un style dcriture trs terre--terre, donnant une impression de ralisme avec un maximum de dtails. Cett e approche la litt rature a cr le mouvement litt raire du Natural-isme, qui plus tard stablira dans toute lEurope avec des auteurs comme Honor de Balzac, George Bernard Shaw en Angleterre et Hauptmann en Allemagne Les crivains naturalistes taient influencs par la clbre thorie de Charles Darwin, qui dmontre que le caractre de chacun est dtermin la fois par son environnement et par ses gnes.

Passionn par les divers conflits sociaux de son temps, Emile Zola tait souvent critiqu pour ses descriptions crues et pessimistes de la vie. Son roman le plus clbre, Germinal, aborde un sujet trs controvers dans les partis conservatiste et socialiste. Dans cett e uvre, Zola nous prsente une ralit dure : celle de la vie des mineurs en France dans les annes

BY ALICE MIRLESSE (CMC 13)

Extravaganza|2010 5

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It is my belief that the best representation of any language is its literature. Th e creations of literature are rather telling more than the authors thoughts and feelings such as from the structure of sentences to the various usages of words and the state of society of the time when the piece of literature was writt en. For the suffi cient familiarity with a lan-guage, it is essential to be privy of its literature.

Th e roots of the Hindi language lie in the ancient language of Sanskrit. In the 16th cen-tury, a combination of the languages known by the Mughal dynasty, the languages com-monly spoken in North Indian regions such as and Sanskrit gave rise to Hindi as well as Urdu. With this, were born Hindi litt erateurs. In the early days, the works of Tulsi-das, Mirabai, Surdas, Kabir werer fi lled with devotion. Sanskrits prime epics, Tulsidass Ramayan and Valmikis Mahabharata are known in all corners of the world.

Th e creations of Kabir and Rahim, by explaining the formless and property-less states of God tried to reduce the diff erences between Hindus and Muslims. Th ere is one unique form of Hindi literature that is world renown and is also my favorite, the doha, by Kabir and Rahim. In two sentences, with the appropriate usage of every word, these dohas portray love, morality and devotion for God. Id like to present an example of one such doha by Kabir:

Tomorrows work do today, todays work now if the moment is lost, the work be done how

In the 19th century, the changes that came through the British rule in India brought about corresponding changes in Hindi literature. Munshi Premchand is one of the most famous writers of the period. His works portray a revolt towards the British rule. His works paint a vivid picture of the zamindari system (that the British has established for the management of farmers). Godan, gaban, nirmala, karmbhumi, rangbhumi etc are his very famous novels. His works illustrate the malediction, blind faith and the humane character of the times.

Acharya Chatursenashastris novel Goli portrays the lives of the kings of the princely states drowning in luxury, of the period. Maithlisharan was a nationalist and his works are replete with nationalism. Nagarvadhu is Vaishalis prime work.

India through its lifetime has seen numerous changes, from the times before the Mughals to the British Raj to the sky-scraping developing India. In the same way, in a changing society and circumstances, there have been signifi cant changes in the litera-ture of the litt erateurs of the Hindi language.

Hindi LiteratureHindi LiteratureBY RACHIT KHAITAN (CMC 13)

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6 Extravaganza|2010

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Korean literature boasts a depth of literary traditions stemming from its long, dynamic history. Koreas classical literature was written in altered forms of Chinese characters and was heavily under the infl uence of Shamanism, Buddhism, and Confucianism, and the consequent social norms, morals, and customs dominated literary themes. Most works stressed proper behaviors regarding fi lial piety, friendships, loyalty to the king, and respect for seniors. Some of these exemplary works were in the forms of poems, from the Shilla Kingdoms hyangga to the Koryo dynastys hanshi and shijo, the latter of which was a short three-lined poem that survived into the Choson dynasty. Other strains of early literatures were composed of philosophic expositions, schol-arly essays, and diaries of court ladies.

The introduction of Koreas authentic script Hangul during the Chosun era spurred a great outpouring of written literature together with the diversifi -cation in authorship from scholars and nobles to commoners. Moreover, the introduction of Sirhak, or practical learning, brought down the traditional themes that emphasized strict hierarchy in favor of the thematic shift to social equality. Hong Kil-ton Chon of the early 17th century, Koreas fi rst vernacular novel, well describes this thematic shift.

The introduction of Western culture in the 19th century further reinforced the popular literatures emphasis on social equality and justice. Aging bureaucracy and its inadequate response to social changes inspired a new form of litera-ture called Pansori, or the one man opera, which were satirical tales sung by travelling artists to an outdoor audience. The Japanese invasion and its annexation in the early 20th century also contributed to the unique develop-ment of Korean literature. The theme of freedom and independence dominated the literary scene, particularly those aiming against the authoritarian regimes. Choe Nam-sons inspiring poem From the Sea to a Child gave birth to modern poetry in Korea. Yi Kwang-su initiated a movement for modern novels through publishing various stories on the magazine Chongchun. Following the independence in the mid 19th century, Koreas rapid industrializa-tion saw a growing number of literary works focusing on the dehumanizing effects of industrialization and modernization. Some of the noted writers of the modern literature include Yi Mun-yol and Han Mu-suk, whose works have been translated into various foreign languages including English and French.

Korean LiteratureBY HAEYOUNG YOON (Scripps 12)

Extravaganza|2010 7

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When comparing classical Russian literature of the times of Lev Tolstoy, Feodor Dostoyevsky, Ivan Turgenev, Anton Chekhov, Aleksandr Ku-prin and other writers whose works have been incorporated into numerous university programs around the world, with contemporary Russian prose, it would be appropriate to agree with the opinion of Boris Akunin a writer, who many consider to be the only romantic able to conquer the general writer abroad and within Russia since the times of the Soviet Union. In his in-terview by the British newspaper The Times, speaking on the new Russian middle class, Akunin claims, that it is energetic, very active and in need of everything a class needs, like ide-ology, ethics, aesthetics and, well, easy reading.

Classical literature of the past responded to the demands of the readers of that era, in particular of the intelligentsia, which led a passive form of existence and devoted considerable efforts to existential musings as to the meaning of life, moral obligation to the People, humanity, na-ture, love and the relationship to those close to oneself. The works of Lev Tolstoy (War and Peace, Anna Karenina and the like) observe the minds of the protagonists who are in turn full of such inner tribulations and quests for the Truth. Feodor Dostoyevsky (Brothers Karamazov, Idiot, Crime and Punishment and others) has entered the history of world lit-erature as a writer who possessed great insight into the psyche of human beings. His depictions of the inner struggles of his heroes refl ected the contradictive political, social and spiritual contexts of 19th century Russia. His characters were usually presented as full of dramatic bag-gage and emotional pressure. Aleksandr Kuprin, in his own right, is renowned as a master of crit-ical realism. His work Confrontation describes the senseless, rude, mundane life of a provincial military garrison. The romantic works such as the Garnet Bracelet or Olesya tell of tragic love, which is inhibited by insurmountable bar-riers within society. All such paradigms of clas-sical Russian prose were created in response to the needs of their respective times and target audiences.

Contemporary Russian literature is starkly dif-ferent from its predecessors. In that it is full of action that stimulates the imagination of the reader. Popular representatives of the mod-ern generation of Russian writers are Sergei Lukyanenko and Boris Akunin. The works of Lukyanenko (who is considered to be one of the foremost writers of fantasy and science fi ction) such as Night Watch and Day Watch, are dis-tinct in their brisk tempo of action, captivating storylines and moral standings as they relate to preservation of humanity in light of possessing great power. The works of Boris Akunin (his real name being Gregory Chkartachvili) found recognition in Russia and abroad as exemplary works of criminal fi ction (novels like the Turk-ish Gambit, Murder of the Leviathan and oth-ers which have been translated and published worldwide extensively). His heroes, such as Erast Fandorin, embody the qualities of a mod-ern Russian hero- genius, gentleman, polyglot, kick-boxer and overall an inordinately lucky bloke! Perhaps, the reason for the appeal of such heroes lies in that they represent the hopes and aspirations of the average Russian reader, and that attaining stability and a place in the new Russia might enable them to become such an individual.

BY IGOR TISCHENKO (CMC 13)

RUSSIAN LITERATURE

8 Extravaganza|2010

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Extravaganza|2010 9

Han Han, born in 1982, Shanghai. In 2000, at the age of 17, Han Han published his fi rst novelTriple Door. Th is book had immediate commercial success and critical acclaim. Al-though Han Han became famous overnight, his grades were incredibly low. He eventually had to quit school in 11th grade. Th is did not dampen Han Hans confi dence at all as he contin-ued writing with great ardor.

If Han Han was only famous for quitt ing school and becoming a best-selling novelist, his popularity would not have survived for an entire decade. He is not only an in-door writer; he is also a professional car racer and renowned current-events-com-mentator. He uses his blog to express his caustic yet truthful opinions on social issues and politics. Han Hans blog on Sina enjoys the highest number of visits. Th ese visits are mostly from young readers born in the 1980s; they are oft en catego-rized as the 80s in popular Chinese discourse. Unsurpris-ingly, some older and more conservative netizens att ack him consistently because they fi nd Han Han too controversial and outspoken. However, his att acks oft en ironically increase his popularity. Han Han is adored and praised precisely because he is outspoken, and in turn, his popularity protects his opin-ions from being entirely banned. An editor even uplift s Han Han as the savior of (Chinese) writer ethos.

Indeed, Chinas contemporary literature scene is scarce of tal-ent. Prominent writers of scar literature and participants of the Roots literary movement may not like Han Hans books (such as His Country, Glory Days and A Fortress) from hit-ting the charts and monopolizing the market, but they cannot stop them. Han Hans success did not stop aft er the summer of 2000, and it will not stop in face of controversy.

LEGENDARYLEGENDARYBy Wendy Qian (CMC 13)

The Scholars: Standing on The Scholars: Standing on the Shoulders of Giantsthe Shoulders of Giants

Han Hans novels oft en use satirical devices. His characters em-ploy a detached tone when describing utt erly absurd yet widely experienced events in China. For example, the protagonist in His Country sighs, Alas, the more I interact with government offi cials, the more I like to use parallel structuresTh is insinuates the fl amboyant and superfi cial language of bureau-crats. Although satire is a popular device in contemporary lit-erature, this is actually a Chinese literary tradition: contempo-rary writers, namely Han Han, are standing on the shoulders of giants. Wu Jingzi uncovered many contradictory and farcical behaviors of gentries and offi cials during the Qing dynasty through satire. Modern literary giant Lu Xun wrote short alle-gories that satirized a fi gure so successfully, the main character became a personality archetype in China. Qian Zhongshus long novel Fortress Besieged also satirizes marriage, work and the academia. While Qian pokes fun at ludicrous characters, the absurd yet pitiful character of a Chinese intellectual lasts as a icon.

Caustic, satirical writing is a notable feature of Chinese writers, thanks to the absurd society they live in. Han Han and pred-ecessors live in diff erent times yet they share preposterous ex-periences and use their pen to uncover the true side of society. Th e characters they delineate are seen everywhere in real life. Readers who experience deja vu cannot help but exclaim the lasting humor and insight of writers.

YOUTHYOUTH

10 Extravaganza|2010

Un Uomo Libero Uomo Libero Nel MedioevoMedioevoFrancesco Petrarca, luomo que poi sarebbe chiamato il Padre dell Umanismo nacque ad Arezzo, un paese alla Toscana nel 1304. Egli studi legge, perche suo padre aveva questo desiderio, ma la sua passione era scrivere e leggere la Let-teratura Latina. Il suo primo libro, Africa, fu acclamato per tutti in Europa. Il suo carisma lo aiut a essere amato e conosciuto tra la giovent fi orentina, div-entando una fi gura di spicco durante il Medioevo tardivo. Petrarca, insegnante e poeta, svilupp un modo di pensare che arriv ad essere conosciuto come Umanesimo. Questa fi losofi a incoraggiava agli uomini a guardarsi a se stessi, invece di chiedere guida a Dio. Petrarca credeva nella riforma delleducazione, proponendo che il curriculum Trivium istituito, che conteneva grammatica, re-torica e dialettica, fosse cambiato. Attraverso la sua creazione di un nuovo cur-riculum di studi, Petrarca potette infondere alle masse con i suoi ideali uman-istici. Lo studio di argomenti nuovi come la poesia (lamore alla vita), la storia e la fi losofi a morale interess alle nuove generazioni immensamente, perci la sopravvivenza del lavoro di Petrarca pu essere attribuita al suo rivoluzionario pensiero e a la sua infl uenza sui successivi artisti e pensatori. Tenendo conto del periodo in cui Petrarca propose le sue idee, un tempo in cui la Chiesa come istituzione dominava la vita in ogni modo, la sua opera appare ancora pi im-portante e vitale.A Free ManFree Man in

the Middle AgesMiddle AgesFrancesco Petrarca, the man that would be later called the Father of Hu-manism was born in Arezzo, a town in Tuscany in 1304. He studied law, since his father had this wish, but his passion was writing and readng Latin Literature. His fi rst book, Africa, was acclaimed by everyone in Europe. His charisma helped him to be loved and known amidst the Florentine youth, therefore becoming a fi gure of consequence during the late Medieval Ages. Petrarca, a teacher and poet, developed a way of thinking that would later be known as Humanism. Th is philosophy en-couraged men to look to themselves instead of asking God for guidance. Petrarca believed in an educational reform, proposing that the established Trivium curriculum, which contained grammar, rhetoric and dialectic, be changed. Th rough his creation of a new curriculum of study, Petrarca was able to infuse the masses with his humanistic ideals. Th e study of new topics like poetry (the love for life), history and moral philosophy appealed immensely to the new generations. Th erefore the survival of Petrarcas work can be attributed to his revolutionary way of thinking and his infl uence on subsequent artists and thinkers. Taking into account the period in which Petrarca pro-posed his ideas, a time in which the Church as an institution dominated life in every way, his work appears even more important and vital.

Io amo leggereIo amo leggere

Due celebri citazioni di Petrarca dicono cos... Two famous quotes from Petrarca go like this...La verit abita nellinteriorit delluomo.

La vita fugge et non sarresta una hora,Et la morte vien dietro a gran giornate,

et le cose presenti et le passatemi dnno guerra, et le future anchora...

Truth inhabits the interior of men.

Life flees and does not stop for a single hour,And death comes after great days,

And things present and past,Wage war against me, and the future still

Cosa ci vuole dire Petrarca? La prima citazione ci dice che luomo non deve aspettare la morte, credendo che la prossima vita sar la sua op-portunit per essere libero; questa vita significante, anche se luomo soffre continuamente. La seconda vuole dire che la verit propia la piu importante di tutte; luomo che si rende conto di questo potr liberarsi delle sue catene.

What is Petrarca trying to tell us? The first quote tells us that men shouldnt wait for death, believing that the next life will be his oppor-tunity to be free; this life is significant, even if men suffer continuously. The second one says that ones own truth is the most important of all; a man who realizes this can be freed from his chains.

By Rodrigo Ranero (PO 14)

Extravaganza|2010 11

Extravaganza

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Congratulations on getting your hands on your semesterly dose of international fl avor at our very own, very special and very internationally diverse Claremont Colleges. In this issue, built off the hands of an Editorial and Managerial Board fresh off the board, we delve into what we thought what was the one of the most signifi cant representatives of any language: its literature.

Our editors, all the way from China, Russia, France, Th ailand and India to name a few have brought forth what they think about indigenous literature, more specifi cally the evolution of it through the sands of time. My sincere appreciation goes out to all the international editors for sharing with us their exotic perspectives and most importantly to the board for putting it all together into a heady cocktail of international spirit.

We at the Extravaganza value the diversity of our readers as much as that of our content, as we endeavor to bring the world to your doorstep.

Letter From the President

-Rachit Khaitan

If youre familiar with a foreign language and enjoy writi ng, why not be a writer for Extravaganza? Dont worry if youre not com-pletely fl uent--our goal is to get people to enjoy writi ng in di erent languages outside of the classroom and share their talent with the community of the Claremont Colleges!

Are you a fl uent in a language other than English? Be a language editor for Extravaganza!

Email extravaganza.5c@gmail.com for more informati on.

PRESIDENTRachit Khaitan (CMC 13)

EDITOR-IN-CHIEFShengwei Sun (SC 12)MANAGING EDITOROphelia Ma (PO 13)DESIGN EDITORIris Jong (PO 12)

CHIEF OF PRODUCTIONAlan Hu (CMC 13)

CHINESE Wendy Qian (CMC 13)

FRENCHAlice Mirlesse (CMC 13)

GERMANEdie Harris (PO 13)

HINDIRachit Khaitan (CMC 13)

ITALIANRodrigo Ranero (PO 14)

KOREANHaeyoung Yoon (SC 12)

RUSSIANIgor Tischenko (CMC 13)

EDITORIAL BOARD

LANGUAGE EDITORS

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