Extraction of Indicators from Beetroot and Onion CBSE Project

7/24/2019 Extraction of Indicators from Beetroot and Onion CBSE Project

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Extraction of Indicatorsfrom

Beetroot andOnion

By: FuzelSalim

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XII-B

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CONTENTS

No Subect!a"e No # Contents$

% Certi&cate'$ (c)no*led"ement

+, . Indicator

/ ' Beetroot##0 Beetroot as an Indicator

#$

+ !rearation of t1e Indicator#' 2 3etection of . 4an"e#+ / Onion

#/

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#5 Onion as an Indicator%#

## Olfactory Indicators%$

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Certifcate

T1is is to certify t1at FuzelSalim of class XII-B 1ascomleted t1is roectunder my suer6ision fort1e academic year 2015-2016.

77777778

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9InternalExaminer

Seal:

3ate:

777777788 9ExternalExaminer

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Acknowledgement

I *is1 to exress my sincere"ratitude to r. Alim "#an forro6idin" me an oortunity todo my roect *or) on;$%traction o& Indicator'&rom (nion' and Beetroot


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many eole8 I sincerely t1an)my roect artner for "uidance

and encoura"ement in carryin"out 1is roect *or) and co-oeratin" *it1 me8 I t1an) mybrot1er for 1is )ind co-oerationto t1e comletion of my roect*or)8 =ast but not t1e least I*is1 to exress a sense of"ratitude and lo6e to mybelo6ed arents for t1eir 1el>

manual suort and stren"t18

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)* Indicator

( . indicator is a 1aloc1romicc1emical comound added insmall amounts to a solution so t1e. 9acidity or basicity of t1esolution can be determined

6isually8 .ence> a . indicator is a

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c1emical detector for 1ydroniumions 9.$O? or 1ydro"en ions

9.? in t1e (rr1enius model8Normally> t1e indicator causes t1ecolor of t1e solution to c1an"edeendin" on t1e .8 Indicatorscan also s1o* c1an"e in ot1er

1ysical roerties@ for examle>olfactory indicators s1o* c1an"ein t1eir odor8

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Beetroot

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T1e beetroot is t1e tarootortion of t1e beet lant> usually

)no*n in Nort1 (merica as t1ebeet> also table beet> "ardenbeet> or red or "olden beet8 It isse6eral of t1e culti6ated 6arietiesof Beta 6ul"aris "ro*n for t1eir

edible taroots and t1eir "reens8T1ese 6arieties 1a6e beenclassi&ed as B8 6ul"aris subs86ul"aris Conditi6a Arou8

Ot1er t1an as a food> beets 1a6euse as a food colorin" and as amedicinal lant8 any beetroducts are made from ot1erBeta 6ul"aris 6arieties>

articularly su"ar beet8

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Beetroot a' an

Indicator13


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Beetroot 4ed> is a "lycosidicfood dye obtained by1ydrolyzin" t1e "lucosemolecule> Betanin8

T1e colour of Betanin deendson .8 It is bri"1t bluis1-red>becomin" blue-6iolet as t1e .

increases8 Once t1e . reac1esal)aline le6els Betaninde"rades by 1ydrolysis>resultin" in a yello*-bro*ncolour8

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+re)aration o&

t#e Indicator

1,8 $5585 " of c1oed Beetroot*as added to '5855cm$ ofboilin" *ater in a bea)er and*as boiled continuously for ,'minutes8

2,8 (fter allo*in" t1e bea)er tocool for #' minutes> boiledBeetroot *ere suas1ed and t1eliuid *as &ltered8

,8 T1e residues *ere sueezedonce a"ain and t1e liuid *ase6aorated to "et a 1i"1lyconcentrated ortion of t1eindicator8

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etection o& )*

ange

D( series of solutions in t1e ran"e .#85-#$85 *as reared by usin" #85

NaO. and #85 .Cl acid8

D1en t1e indicator *as added to t1ereared series of solutions t1ecolour *as c1an"ed from red to

yello* in bet*een . #585-#%858

DIn order to "et t1e exact . ran"e>anot1er series of solutions *asreared by dilutin" t1e . #5-#%

solution ran"e into #58#5> #58%5>77>#%855 and 585' ml of t1eindicator *as added to eac1solution8

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D( colour c1an"e *as obser6ed in t1e. ran"e #5825-##8%5> *1ic1 is t1e

*or)in" . ran"e of Beetroot8

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(nion

T1e onion 9(llium cea =8 9=atin cea

onion> also )no*n as t1e bulb onion or

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common onion> is a 6e"etable and is t1emost *idely culti6ated secies of t1e"enus (llium8

T1is "enus also contains se6eral ot1ersecies 6ariously referred to as onionsand culti6ated for food> suc1 as t1eGaanese bunc1in" onion 9(8 &stulosum>

t1e E"ytian onion 9(8 Hroliferum> andt1e Canada onion 9(8 canadense8 T1ename *ild onion is alied to anumber of (llium secies> but (8 cea isexclusi6ely )no*n from culti6ation andits ancestral *ild ori"inal form is not

)no*n> alt1ou"1 escaes fromculti6ation 1a6e become establis1ed insome re"ions8 T1e onion is mostfreuently a biennial or a erenniallant> but is usually treated as anannual and 1ar6ested in its &rst "ro*in"

season8

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(nion a' an

Indicator

Onion is an olfactory indicator8T1ey 1a6e a c1aracteristic odourbut *1en c1oed onions are )etin a dilute solution of sodium1ydroxide> t1ey lose t1eirc1aracteristic odour8 .o*e6er> on)eein" t1e c1oed onions in a

dilute acidic solution> t1ec1aracteristic odour of onions is notlost8 T1is exeriment can 1el inidentifyin" acidic or al)alinesolution8 4ed onion can act as a

6isual indicator at t1e same time8 Itc1an"es from ale red in acidsolution to "reen in basic solution8

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Clo6e Oil Janilla

Extract

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Onions

(l&actor/

Indicator'

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(n Olfactory indicator is asubstance *1ose smell 6aries

deendin" on *1et1er it is mixed*it1 an acidic or basic solution8Olfactory indicators can be used int1e laboratory to test *1et1er asolution is a base or an acid> a

rocess called olfactory titration8Onion > clo6e oil and 6anilla extractare examles8 T1ey lose t1eir smell*it1 bases but not *it1 acids8

Olfactory indicators can be used toen"a"e 6isually imaired studentsin laboratory *or)8

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Extraction of Indicators from Beetroot and Onion CBSE Project

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