Extraction Methods of Essential Oil

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EXTRACTION METHODS OF

NATURAL ESSENTIAL OILS


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SOURCE OF NATURAL ESSENTIAL OIL

Flowers : rose, jasmine, carnaion, clo!e, mimosa, rosemar" la!en

Lea!es : min, lemon$rass

Lea!es an# sems : $erani%m, &ac'o%li, &ei$rain, !er(ena, cinna

)ar* : cinnamon, cassia, canella

+oo# : ce#ar, san#al, &ine Roos : an$elica, sassaras, !ei!er, sa%ss%rea, !alerian

See#s : ennel, corian#er, carawa", #ill, n%me$

Fr%is : (er$amo, oran$e, lemon, j%ni&er

R'i-omas : $in$er, calam%s, c%rc%ma, orris

.%ms /oleoresin e0%#aions1 : (alsam o 2er%, sora0, m"rr', (en-


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Flowers : rose, jasmine, carnaion, clo!e, mimosa, rosemar", la!en


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Lea!es : min, lemon$rass


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Lea!es an# sems : $erani%m, &ac'o%li, &ei$rain, !er(ena, cinna


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)ar* : cinnamon, cassia, canella


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+oo# : ce#ar, san#al, &ine


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Roos : an$elica, sassaras, !ei!er, sa%ss%rea, !alerian


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See#s : ennel, corian#er, carawa", #ill, n%me$


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Fr%is : (er$amo, oran$e, lemon, j%ni&er


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R'i-omas : $in$er, calam%s, c%rc%ma, $alan$al


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.%ms /oleoresin e0%#aions1 : (alsam o 2er%, sora0, m"rr', (en-


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METHODS OF 2RODUCIN. ESSENTIAL

H3DRODISTILLATION

Mec'anism :

H"#ro#i4%sion

H"#rol"sisDecom&osiion (" Hea


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H"#ro#i4%sion :

#i4%sion o essenial oil an# 'o waer 'ro%$' &mem(ranes


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H"#ro#i4%sion :

Sr%c%re oE0creor" ca!iiesw'ere oil sore#


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H"#ro#i4%sionT'e s"sem is sim&le: oil is 'e !ac%ole /in cell1 e6%i&&emem(rane7 T'e cells are iso'a!e an o'er inernal cell%sr%c%re 'an 'e cells aro%)ios"ns'ese o all 'e cons'e essenial oil a*es &lace/same "&e as 'e or$anellec'loro&lass1 an# in 'e c"o'e oil8&ro#%cin$ cell7


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H"#ro#i4%sion /T'e ac%al &rocess1 :

a 'e em&era%re o (oilin$ waer,a &ar o !olaile oil #issol!es in 'e waer

&resen wi'in 'e $lan#s, an# 'is oil8waersol%ion&ermeaes, (" osmosis, 'e swollen mem(ranesan# 9nall" reac'es 'e o%er s%race, w'ere 'eoil is !a&ori-e# (" &assin$ seam7


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H"#ro#i4%sion /noe1 :

S&ee# o oil !a&ori-aion in%ence# (" 'eir#e$ree o sol%(ili" in waer /no (" 'e !ola

o oil com&onen1 T'e 'i$' (oilin$ (% more waer sol%(leconsi%ens o oil in &lan iss%e #isill (eorelow (oilin$ (% less waer sol%(le consi%en

H"#ro#i4%sion raes are slow /%ncommin%e#

maerial a*es lon$er 'an commin%e# mae


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H"#rol"sis : C'emical reacion (eween waer an# cerain consi%ens

E0 : esers, a 'i$' em&era%res en# o reac wi' waer aci#s an# alco'ols

< = /alco'ol1 0 /aci#1

/eser1 0 /waer1

I 'e amo%n o waer is lar$e, 'e amo%n o alco'ol an#also (e lar$e

Time #e&en#en reacion : #isa#!ana$es o waer #isillae0en o w'ic' '"#rol"sis &rocee#s #e&en#s on 'e ime (eween oil an# waer


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Decom&osiion (" Hea /e4ec o 'ea1 :

All consi%ens o EO;s are %nsa(le a 'i$' emisillaion m%s (e #one a low em&era%res

In seam #isillaion : em&era%re is #eermine# e

o&erain$ &ress%re In waer #isillaion an# waer8seam #isillaion :

em&era%re is in 'e amos&'eric &ress%re

Rae o #i4%sion, '"#rol"sis an# sol%(ili" o EO;s

increases wi' em&era%res


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E4ec o 'ea /noe1 :

Mainainin$ 'e em&era%re as low as &ossi(le

Usin$ as lile waer as &ossi(le /seam #isillaion

T'oro%$'l" commin%in$ 'e &lan maerial an# &%niorml" (eore #isillaion


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THREE T32ES OF H3DRODISTILLATION :

+aer Disillaion

+aer an# Seam Disillaion Direc Seam Disillaion


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+aer DisillaionClea!en$er

s"sem


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DISAD?ANTA.ES OF +ATER DISTILLATION

Oil com&onens li*e esers are sensii!e o '"#rol"sis w'ile o'ers li*e amonoer&ene '"#rocar(ons an# al#e'"#es are s%sce&i(le o &ol"meri-&H o waer is oen re#%ce# #%rin$ #isillaion, '"#rol"ic reacions are

O0"$enae# com&onens s%c' as &'enols 'a!e a en#enc" o #issol!e iso 'eir com&lee remo!al (" #isillaion is no &ossi(le7

As waer #isillaion en#s o (e a small o&eraion /o&erae# (" one or a*es a lon$ ime o acc%m%lae m%c' oil, so $oo# 6%ali" oil is oen m6%ali" oil7

T'e #isillaion &rocess is reae# as an ar (" local #isillers, w'o rarel"(o' oil "iel# or 6%ali"7

+aer #isillaion is a slower &rocess 'an ei'er waer an# seam #isillseam #isillaion7


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+aer an# Seam Disillaion


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A#!ana$es o +aer an# Seam Disillaion

Hi$'er oil "iel#7

Com&onens o 'e !olaile oil are less s%sce&i(le o '"#rol"sis an# &/'e conrol o weness on 'e (oom o 'e sill a4ecs '"#rol"sis, w'ermal con#%ci!i" o 'e sill walls a4ecs &ol"meri-aion17

I re%0in$ is conrolle#, 'en 'e loss o &olar com&o%n#s is minimi- Oil 6%ali" &ro#%ce# (" seam an# waer #isillaion is more re&ro#%c

Seam an# waer #isillaion is aser 'an waer #isillaion, so i is me@cien7 Man" oils are c%rrenl" &ro#%ce# (" seam an# waer #isillae0am&le lemon$rass is &ro#%ce# in )'%an wi' a r%ral seam an# was"sem7


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Disa#!ana$es o +aer an# Seam Disillaion

D%e o 'e low &ress%re o risin$ seam, oils o 'i$'8(oilin$ ra $reaer 6%ani" o seam or !a&ori-aion 8'ence lon$er 'o

#isillaion7T'e &lan maerial (ecomes we, w'ic' slows #own #isillaio

seam 'as o !a&ori-e 'e waer o allow i o con#ense %r'sill7

To a!oi# 'a 'e lower &lan maerial resin$ on 'e $ri# (ec

waerlo$$e#, a (ae is %se# o &re!en 'e waer rom (oilin


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Direc Seam Disillaion


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A#!ana$es o Direc Seam Disillaion :

Amo%n o seam can (e rea#il" conrolle#7

No 'ermal #ecom&osiion o oil consi%en

Mos wi#el" acce&e# &rocess or lar$e8sca&ro#%cion, s%&erior o 'e o'er wo &roce


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Disa#!ana$es o Direc Seam Disillaion :

M%c' 'i$'er ca&ial e0&en#i%re nee#e# o e

aci!i" 'an or 'e o'er wo &rocesses7


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H3DROLITIC MACERATION DISTILLATION

?olaile com&o%n#s are $l"cosi#icall" (o%n#

Alliin in $arlic, am"$#alin in (ier almon#


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EX2RESSION

T"&e :

2elarice 2rocess

S%marice 2rocess

ENFLEURA.E /Col# Fa1

T"&e :

Ene%ra$e an# Dee%ra$e

Ho Maceraion 2rocess


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MODERN /Non Tra#iional1 METHODS

Hea#s&ace Tra&&in$ Tec'ni6%es

Saic Hea#s&ace Tec'ni6%e

?ac%%m Hea#s&ace Tec'ni6%e

D"namic Hea#s&ace Tec'ni6%e Soli# 2'ase Micro8E0racion /S2ME1

S%&ercriical Fl%i# E0racion /SFE1

2'"osol /&'"ol1 E0racion

2roo&las Tec'ni6%e


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MODERN /Non Tra#iional1 METHODS /Con71

Sim%laneo%s Disillaion E0racion /SDE1

Microwa!e Disillaion

Conrolle# Insananeo%s Decom&osiion /CID1T'ermomicro#isillaion

MIcro#isillaion

Extraction Methods of Essential Oil

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