Exploring the Purpose of School after NCLB Steve Stemler Lauren Sonnabend Wesleyan University.
-
Upload
immanuel-quinton -
Category
Documents
-
view
215 -
download
0
Transcript of Exploring the Purpose of School after NCLB Steve Stemler Lauren Sonnabend Wesleyan University.
![Page 1: Exploring the Purpose of School after NCLB Steve Stemler Lauren Sonnabend Wesleyan University.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062712/56649c8e5503460f949475b6/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Exploring the Purpose of School after NCLB
Steve Stemler
Lauren Sonnabend
Wesleyan University
![Page 2: Exploring the Purpose of School after NCLB Steve Stemler Lauren Sonnabend Wesleyan University.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062712/56649c8e5503460f949475b6/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Intro
• What is the purpose of school?– Clearly not monolithic– Varies by school type – focus on secondary
• Thesis: The prominent purposes of school shift over time as a result of political, social influences– Empirical way to evaluate prominent purposes?
• Four Specific Research Questions
![Page 3: Exploring the Purpose of School after NCLB Steve Stemler Lauren Sonnabend Wesleyan University.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062712/56649c8e5503460f949475b6/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Do missions vary by State?
• Need different pictures to represent different political influences (red/blue) and different landscapes (cornfields of IA v. City of NY v. Industry of XX v. Microsoft in WA)?
![Page 4: Exploring the Purpose of School after NCLB Steve Stemler Lauren Sonnabend Wesleyan University.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062712/56649c8e5503460f949475b6/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Do missions vary by Urbanicity?
• Show pictures of urban, suburban, rural schools/areas
• Different needs for different schools
• Media statements about what urban schools should do for children– Some evidence that indicates that urban
schools are called upon to be “home”
![Page 5: Exploring the Purpose of School after NCLB Steve Stemler Lauren Sonnabend Wesleyan University.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062712/56649c8e5503460f949475b6/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Do Missions Vary by NCLB Status?
• Failing Schools v. High-Performing Schools
• Show league table ranking high-performing and low-performing schools
• Picture of a multiple-choice test with pencil
![Page 6: Exploring the Purpose of School after NCLB Steve Stemler Lauren Sonnabend Wesleyan University.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062712/56649c8e5503460f949475b6/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Do Missions Change over Time?
• Insert Blank Timeline with Dates from 1900 to today– We can just create this in the draw feature
![Page 7: Exploring the Purpose of School after NCLB Steve Stemler Lauren Sonnabend Wesleyan University.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062712/56649c8e5503460f949475b6/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Background
• Philosophers of Education
• Historical Timeline that shows when civic development was important, when emotional, when social, when cognitive, etc.
![Page 8: Exploring the Purpose of School after NCLB Steve Stemler Lauren Sonnabend Wesleyan University.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062712/56649c8e5503460f949475b6/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Background
• Federal v. Local Control of Education
• Show different Federal educational policies (Goals 2000 with their safe schools, NCLB with their cognitive emphasis) on Historical Timeline– Can you search for something like this on the
web?
![Page 9: Exploring the Purpose of School after NCLB Steve Stemler Lauren Sonnabend Wesleyan University.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062712/56649c8e5503460f949475b6/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Background
• State Influences on Education
• MA Constitution– First US State Constitution– Written by John Adams– Direct quote on purpose of schools
![Page 10: Exploring the Purpose of School after NCLB Steve Stemler Lauren Sonnabend Wesleyan University.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062712/56649c8e5503460f949475b6/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Background
• How this gets translated into legal responsibilities today
• McDuffy 7– Kentucky, MA, other states
![Page 11: Exploring the Purpose of School after NCLB Steve Stemler Lauren Sonnabend Wesleyan University.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062712/56649c8e5503460f949475b6/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Background
• Parental perspectives and student perspectives
• Survey results
![Page 12: Exploring the Purpose of School after NCLB Steve Stemler Lauren Sonnabend Wesleyan University.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062712/56649c8e5503460f949475b6/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Summary
• All conclude that there are multiple purposes to schools
• No one purpose has inherent precedence over another
• Two problems– No systematic voice of the schools themselves!– Can’t all have precedence simultaneously; must change
over time. Influenced by policy?
![Page 13: Exploring the Purpose of School after NCLB Steve Stemler Lauren Sonnabend Wesleyan University.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062712/56649c8e5503460f949475b6/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Our Study
• Look at school’s perspective
• Using Mission Statements
• Why Mission Statements?– Simple, effective, easy to obtain and analyze– Necessary for accreditation (cite)– School Effectiveness Lit shows that more effective
schools show comittment to shared vision– Prior research (Stemler & Bebell; Strobel; Havelauk)
![Page 14: Exploring the Purpose of School after NCLB Steve Stemler Lauren Sonnabend Wesleyan University.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062712/56649c8e5503460f949475b6/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Study 1: Purpose
• Longitudinal Analysis of School Mission Statements
• Research Question: Do they change over time and if so, in what ways?
![Page 15: Exploring the Purpose of School after NCLB Steve Stemler Lauren Sonnabend Wesleyan University.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062712/56649c8e5503460f949475b6/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Study 1: Methods
• Truly random sample of 50 MA secondary schools.
• 90% response rate (n=45)
• Content Analysis of Statements– Give Example with Scoring Rubric
![Page 16: Exploring the Purpose of School after NCLB Steve Stemler Lauren Sonnabend Wesleyan University.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062712/56649c8e5503460f949475b6/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Study 1: Methods
• Example Statements and Scoring Rubrics
• Rubric
• Interrater reliability results:
![Page 17: Exploring the Purpose of School after NCLB Steve Stemler Lauren Sonnabend Wesleyan University.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062712/56649c8e5503460f949475b6/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Study 1: Methods
• Reported in Stemler & Bebell 2001 NEERO paper– Pre-NCLB
• Looked at same schools 5 years later. Had they changed at all?
![Page 18: Exploring the Purpose of School after NCLB Steve Stemler Lauren Sonnabend Wesleyan University.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062712/56649c8e5503460f949475b6/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Study 1: Results• 50% changed, 50% did not
• Graph showing how they changed
• Common argument – NCLB narrow’s schools focus
• Findings = added one more thing on top – didn’t throw anything away!
• Shift in emphasis from civic, emotional, cog to cog, civic, emot
• Qualitative example of loss of “love of learning” in favor of “critical thinking”– Need 2 or so examples here
![Page 19: Exploring the Purpose of School after NCLB Steve Stemler Lauren Sonnabend Wesleyan University.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062712/56649c8e5503460f949475b6/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Study 2: Purpose
• Large-scale empirical analysis– Examine systematic differences by state,
urbanicity, and NCLB status
• Geographically and politically diverse states– Give picture with the states we picked
highlighted
![Page 20: Exploring the Purpose of School after NCLB Steve Stemler Lauren Sonnabend Wesleyan University.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062712/56649c8e5503460f949475b6/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Study 2: Methods
• How we did it– Purposive selection of 10 geographically and
politically diverse states– Random selection of 50 public high schools in each
state– Selection criteria > 70% with mission statements
• Coding Rubric– Interrater reliability– Modification from 2001 to 2006
![Page 21: Exploring the Purpose of School after NCLB Steve Stemler Lauren Sonnabend Wesleyan University.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062712/56649c8e5503460f949475b6/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Study 2: Results
• Table with 10 states and % with mission statements/websites
• Kind of interesting sidenote, probably first study to look at truly random sample and estimate prevalence of school websites
![Page 22: Exploring the Purpose of School after NCLB Steve Stemler Lauren Sonnabend Wesleyan University.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062712/56649c8e5503460f949475b6/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Results
• Systematic differences by state?
• Graph
• Summarize – CO, NY/CA, TX/FL
![Page 23: Exploring the Purpose of School after NCLB Steve Stemler Lauren Sonnabend Wesleyan University.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062712/56649c8e5503460f949475b6/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Results
• Urbanicity
• Table
• Urban schools being asked to do more than most (article lit review/media)
![Page 24: Exploring the Purpose of School after NCLB Steve Stemler Lauren Sonnabend Wesleyan University.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062712/56649c8e5503460f949475b6/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Results
• NCLB
• Confounded with urbancity?– Check this – compare percentage of pass and
fail by urbanicity
• Explanation
![Page 25: Exploring the Purpose of School after NCLB Steve Stemler Lauren Sonnabend Wesleyan University.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062712/56649c8e5503460f949475b6/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Discussion
• Summary of our findings overall as related to major questions
![Page 26: Exploring the Purpose of School after NCLB Steve Stemler Lauren Sonnabend Wesleyan University.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062712/56649c8e5503460f949475b6/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Limitations
• Does mission match practice?– Any influence practice at all?
• Mention phone interviews– Findings – Summary– Qualitative
![Page 27: Exploring the Purpose of School after NCLB Steve Stemler Lauren Sonnabend Wesleyan University.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062712/56649c8e5503460f949475b6/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Broader Implications
• Study presents empirical approach to evaluating school perspective– Currently missing in literature
• Study provides a technique for monitoring social weather and its impact on school