Exploring in Modules, Module 4 Module 4 The Brain.
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Transcript of Exploring in Modules, Module 4 Module 4 The Brain.
Exploring in Modules, Module 4
Module 4The Brain
Nervous System•
Nervous System– The communication
system for the body
– Two main divisions:• Central nervous system
(CNS) the brain and the spinal cord. 1,400 grams weighs the human adult brain
• Peripheral nervous system (PNS)
Exploring in Modules, Module 4
Peripheral nervous system (PNS)
Exploring in Modules, Module 4
Peripheral
nervous system (PNS)
• Two parts:– Somatic: voluntary activities– Autonomic: involuntary
• Sympathetic – for emergencies
• Parasympathetic – to calm the body; homeostasis
Exploring in Modules, Module 4
The Brain
Not the Mind…but never “never mind the mind”.
Exploring in Modules, Module 4
Interesting Points
• 1/45th of our weight is brain.
• Elephants: 1/600th
• Marmosets: 1/25th
Exploring in Modules, Module 4
How do we know of the brain’s functions and parts?
• Clinical observation – damaged parts.
• Manipulate the brain – electrically, chemically, or magnetically stimulate or sedate.
• EEG – electroencephlogram
• CT scan – computed tomography
• PET scan – positron emission tomography
• MRI – magnetic resonance imagingExploring in Modules, Module 4
Exploring in Modules, Module 4
Lower - Level Brain Structures
• The Brainstem
• The Thalamus
• The Cerebellum
• The Limbic System– The Amygdala– The Hypothalamus
Exploring in Modules, Module 4
The Brainstem and Thalamus
Exploring in Modules, Module 4
Exploring in Modules, Module 4
The Limbic System
Exploring in Modules, Module 3
The Major Endocrine Glands
Exploring in Modules, Module 4
Rat with an Implanted Electrode
Exploring in Modules, Module 4
The Cerebral Cortex• Structures of the Cortex
• Functions of the – http://faculty.washington.edu/chudler/flash/hom.html
– Motor Functions– Sensory Functions– Association Functions– Language
• Brain Reorganization
Exploring in Modules, Module 4
Subdivisions of the Cortex
Exploring in Modules, Module 4
Motor and Sensory Cortexes
Exploring in Modules, Module 4
Exploring in Modules, Module 4
Areas of the Cortex in Four Mammals
Exploring in Modules, Module 4
Specialization and Integration in Language
Exploring in Modules, Module 4
Brain Activity when Hearing, Seeing, and Speaking Words
Exploring in Modules, Module 4
Our Divided Brains
• Splitting the Brain
• Studying Hemispheric Differences in the Intact Brain
Right versus Left
• Left Brain
• Logical• Sequential• Rational• Analytical• Objective• Looks at parts
• Right Brain• Random• Intuitive• Holistic• Synthesizing• Subjective• Looks at wholes
Exploring in Modules, Module 4
Exploring in Modules, Module 4
Exploring in Modules, Module 4
Exploring in Modules, Module 4
Testing the Divided Brain