1

SAINT2005

Exploiting Global R&D Collaboration

toward the Advanced Internet Applications

February 2nd, 2005

Tomonori Aoyama

The University of Tokyo

2

CONTENTS

- Overview of expanding broadband services in Japan

- Requirements for advanced network testbeds

- Applications of large volume of contents

- Research on ubiquitous networking and photonic

networking

- Example of R&D collaboration using advanced

network testbeds

3

Broadband service users in Japan- World largest FTTH Infrastructure -

2001

Users (thousand)

ADSL

FTTH

100

10,000

CATV

1,000

10

2M today

12.3M

2.7M

2002 2003 2004 2005

ADSL

FTTHCATV

User increment / month

(Fiscal year)

FTTH: 7.7MADSL: 7.0MCATV: 4.3M

Estimated by e-Japan Strategy Committeeof MIC in 2001

4

Evolution of Cellular Phone in Japan

Excerpt from report from Study Group on Next Generation IP-based Info-communications Infrastructure set up by MPHPT

Transition from 2G to 3G has been smoothly performed

01020

30405060

708090

1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

(million shipment)

3G

Cameraphone

Browserphone

31.5

41.551.1

60.969.1

75.781.5

34.6

51.962.5

69.7

3.1

22.1

47.9

7.216.7

5

New feature of mobile phone

“Mobile Wallet” Fingerprint Sensor Pedometer

Various function have been implemented in mobile phones

User

Automatic reportof measurement

Family

6

Ubiquitous Network (u-Japan)• Connection - Communication - Creation

MIC Communication News http://www.soumu.go.jp/joho_tsusin/eng/Releases/NewsLetter/Vol14/Vol14_23/Vol14_23.html

7

Integration of the real and virtual world

Real world

Virtual worldData

Service Service

Data

Sensor networkRFID

Context-aware service

• A ubiquitous information society is a new environment that integrates the real world with a virtual world

8

Security

IT Evolution

UbiquitousExpansion of Variety

BroadbandExpansion of BW

IPv6Expansion of Address

Digital CameraKeitai with CameraDigital TVDigital Cinema

RFID TagSensorRobotConsumer Electronics

9

Importance of global R&D collaboration over

connected network test beds in the world

・ Difficulty to obtain required R&D recourses by one organization and even one country

EX. ＳＣ, Mass Storage, Microscope, Telescope, etc.

・ Success in the industry relies strongly on how to utilize available resources distributed globally.

・ High-tech R&D tools have been driving the technological innovation which

will spread out among general users later on.

Ex. Internet, WWW, etc.

It is more and more important to facilitate advanced network and computer test beds to transport huge capacity of data and contents on a global basis.

10

Technologies for C drive the innovations

DSL GigE LAN

C

A

B

A -> Need full Internet routing

B -> Need VPN services on/and full Internet routing

C -> Need very fat pipes, limited multiple Virtual Organizations

Source: Cees de Laat, UvA

Number of users

Bandwidth consumed

11

Requirements for Advanced Network

Testbeds for R&D Collaboration

- Handling capability of huge volume of contents

- Customer controlled capability

- Capability to test ubiquitous computing and

networking environments

- Photonic network infrastructures to provide

lambda handling capability

12

Rich Contents over Networks

K M GAccess [page/day]

K

M

G

T

P

Yahoo300Mpage/day

InternetTV11Mpage/day

Web base

Cap

acit

y

SDTVDVD=5GB

Web=10kB/page

MP3=10MB/曲

DigitalCinema=300GB

Contents

Rich contents distribution

HDTV

Cinema

B2C

B2B

[bit]

Sensor Network

S2M

P2P

Target

13

Rich Contents Application - 1

Scientific Visualization

14

Ultra-Resolution Displays Utilize Photonic Multicasting --Scaling to 100 Million Pixels

GlimmerglassSwitch Used to Multicast and

Direct TeraVision

Stream from One Tile to

Another on the Geowall-2

Driven by

Linux Graphic

s Clusters

Source: Tom DeFanti

15

OptIPuter 100 MegaPixel Displays

55-Panel Display 100 Megapixels

30 x 10GE interfaces1/3 Tera bit/sec

Driven by 30 unit Cluster of 64 bit Dual Opterons

60 TB Disk

Linked to OptIPuter

Working with NASA ARC HyperwallTeam to Unify Software

Source: Jason Leigh, Tom DeFanti, EVL@UIC

16

Extend Current Collaboration Between UCSD and Osaka Univ. Using Real-Time Instrument Steering and HDTV Monitoring

Southern California OptIPuterMost Powerful Electron Microscope in the World --

Osaka, Japan

Source: Mark Ellisman, UCSD

17

Major Collaboration Opportunity Emerging Between U.S. and Japan

www.eri.u-tokyo.ac.jp/KOHO/Yoran2003/sec6-6-eng.htm

• Japan Has Historically Been a Pioneer in Cabled Ocean Observatories

• New Challenge: – How to Link to Cyber-

infrastructure?– Ocean-Side Control

• Instrument• Infrastructure

– Shore-Side• Data Management• Simulation• Visualization

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Rich Contents Application - 2

Show Biz Contents

Cinema

Musical

Opera

Concert

Sports

19

３５ｍｍ FilmCinema（４Ｐ）

Photograph（８Ｐ）

Digital Cinema Standard must be established.

20

Picture size of digital cinemaSD = 30~40Mpixels/frame

2K: HD=SD x 5 ～ 6 200Mpixels/frame4K: SHD=HD x 4 800Mpixels/frame

DDCJ has been proposing 4K

21

Viewing Distances in a Theatre

HDTVHDTV SDTVSDTV4k4k

Source: Chris Cookson

Warner Brothers

Conventional Cinema Theatre

22

Viewing Distances in a Theatre

HDTVHDTV

SDTV

SDTV4k4k

Source: Chris Cookson

Warner Brothers

Current Cinema Theatre

23

World First 4K Digital Cinema Prototype SystemVertical scan lines 2000 LinesHorizontal pixels 4000 Pixels（４K)

Source: ＮＴＴ Labs.

D-ILA 4K Projector

JPEG2000 Real Time Decoder

24

Digital Cinema Distribution Trial

SHD Decoder

8M pixel SHDLCD Projector

35mmFilmScanner

SHD VideoServer

JPEG/JPEG2000Compression

IP on GbE

Raw ImageGbE-Router

GbE-Router

CompressedVideo(15:1)

IP NetworkDistribution

3840x 2048 pixel96 Hz Refresh

24 fps (200M pixel/sec)Realtime Decompression

Video Stream300~400Mbps

Total 500GB15 min. Movie

4.5 GbpsDigitral Video

Theater

1 h 41 min = 180 GB

25

Comparison among three display devicesComparison among three display devices

Front ProjectorFront Projector Rear Projector Rear Projector

ＤＬＰ（Reflection ）

ＤＬＰ（Reflection ）

D-ILA Device （Reflection）

D-ILA Device （Reflection）

ＴＦＴ Device（Pass through）

ＴＦＴ Device（Pass through）

LSI LSI Glass

LCDLCD

What is Ｄ-ＩＬＡ ?( Direct-drive Image Light Amplifier )( Direct-drive Image Light Amplifier )

We supportWe support

TechnologyTechnology

Application

26

SIGGRAPH2001 Demonstration

August 2001 , Los Angeles

First demonstration of 4k D-Cinema in US

27

Example of the evaluation test in Paramount Studio

600 inch (16m wide) screen

– Side by side comparison between film projector and digital projector

– High quality film vs digital cinema

World first demonstration and evaluation test of 4K digital cinema prototype system in Hollywood (Paramount Studio)

Film Projector ４Ｋ Digital ProjectorAnalog digital

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NTTServer

GbE GbE

MRVOptiSwitch 4000

StarLightCisco 6509

CHIN-NGT640

KSCY-NGT640

SNVA-NGT640

LOSA-NGT640

USCZemeckis Center

LCD projectorNTT Real-TimeDecoder

MRVOptiSwitch 4000

GbE

GbE/OC-48 POS

USCCisco 12404 at UCC

USCFoundry 8000 at UCC

10GE

10GE

10GEUSCFoundry 8000

one wilshire

IPLS-NGT640

OC-192 POS

OC-192 POSOC-192 POS

OC-192POS

10GE

ChicagoChicago

･･･router

･･･switch

IndianapolisIndianapolis

Kansas CityKansas City

UIC / EVL

SunnyvaleSunnyvale

Los AngelesLos Angeles

300 Mb/s transmission over 3000 km IP network from Chicago to Los Angeles (RTT=59msec、multi TCP stream transfer)

IP Stream Transfer Experiment over Internet 2 Testbed from Chicago to LA

29

Demonstration for in Europe

June and July, 2003

CineCitta in RomeNational Film TheaterIn London

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First in the world ！ Two 4K digital cinema projectors made by SONY and JVC projected 4K digital cinema side by side.

ＳＯＮＹＪＶＣ

Tokyo International Cinema Festival in 2004

31

Image of 4K digital cinema distribution

Projector

City hall, hospital,・・・

ﾌﾟﾛｼﾞｪｸﾀ

Cinema Theater

Cinema Data Center School, home

Education

Live of Musical

Live of sports

Utilization of City hall (18,000) & Public hall (1,500) in Japan

Broadband Network

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CineGrid Project -Japan and USA-

• CineGrid is a new application of the OptIPuter to develop a seamless Grid optimized for secure use of 4K digital images and/or stereo at HD or higher quality (files and streams)– Networks– Computing– Storage– Visualization– Collaboration– Application tools and middleware

• Working with Hollywood directors, movie studios, software and hardware companies

33

A Structure of Ubiquitous Networks

移動体網

無線LAN 固定網Network

Platform

センシングデバイス

Appliances

ITS NW

GW

IP and Photonic NetworkIP and Photonic Network

チップNWチップNW

超小型チップ

超小型チップネットワーク

組織・団体個人

企業Users

コンテンツ市場 電子商取引コミュニティ ERPCRM

Applications

アクチュエータNetwork of Sensors and RF IDs

Control and Management Platform

NW計測 NW自己組織化

NWサービス制御

NW経路制御

アクセスオープン

PF

プロファイル流通/生成

適応的サービス制御

Certification and Agent Platform

認証基盤 移動NW認証

自律適応型ソフト/ハード

コンテンツエージェント

34

Demonstration Video

35

AML STONE RoomA test-bed for ubiquitous networking

36

• The proliferation of mobile computing devices allows any user to fetch content and access services everywhere. On the other hand, the objective of context-aware computing aims at personalized services based on the user’s situation, preference, etc.

• In our project, we seek a new content delivery paradigm for mobile devices based on users’preference, environmental and physiological states.

• We monitor users’ context with a set of off-the-shelf worn sensors. The monitored context includes user’s location, environmental situation and physiological states. This information is then used to trigger a notification to the user’s content as well as the content selection.

A Context Aware Content Delivery System

Sensor

NetworkContext

Contents

37

COCO- Utilization of Context Information -

• Inference of environment from multi-sensors• Inference of user status from acceleration sensors

Bright

Temp

UV

Humid

Escalator up

Escalator down

Go out of bookstore

Stop walking

Cross a streat

X:

Y:

Environment

User status

HumidityHumidityMotion

Alcohol

BrightnessUV

Acceleration sensor

GPS Sensor array

Physical interaction

38

Evolution scenario of photonic networks

p-to-p WDMtransmission

OADM ring NW

OADM : Otical Add/Drop MultiplexerOXC : Optical Cross-connect

Photonic packet switching NW

OXC

OADM

WDM

WDM

Dyn

amic

con

trol

of w

avel

engt

hH

our

〜Day

〜Year

msec

〜sec

Packet / B

urst

Distributed controlwith Photonic MPLS NW

(Stream data→Burst data)

Centralized controlWith full-mesh NW

using OXC

2001 2005 2010〜Year

～数

100G

b/s

1T～

10Tb

/s>

10Tb

/sλ1 λ2

λ3 λ2

λ1 λ3

/ Stream

Min

.

IP packets are mappedwithin wavelength labeled

bit stream

Stat

ic w

avel

engt

hop

erat

ion

Ban

dwid

th c

ontr

olu

sin

g ph

oton

ic la

bels

Source: Photonic Internet Forum

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What is OBS ?• Intermediate transmission granularity

– Low requirements for switch, high bandwidth efficiency

• Separation of transmission and control– Offset time between control packet and data burst

• Out-of-band signaling – Easy to process and realize

• One-way reservation protocol– Reduce end-to-end latency

• Burst can cut-through switches instead of store and forward– Buffer is not necessary

40

OBS Switching time design target & application area

Dat

a V

olu

me

Tra

nsm

itte

d B

y 10

-Gb

it/s

sig

nal

10s1s100ms10ms1ms100μs

1000s

1s

1ms

Photonic MPLSRouter at Present

Sig

nal

len

gth

,τb

Switching Time τsw (L=0, h=1)

Next GenerationDVD 30 GB

DVD 5 GB

CD650 MB

Super High Definition Still Image 12 MB

100µs

10km 100km

1ms 10ms

1000km

100ms

10,000km

Round trip delay

TransmissionDistance (L)

LAN Metro Nation wide/Global

1TB

1GB

1MB

η = 0.9

η = τb / (τb + τsw )

η = 0.5

η = 0.99

200msecat present

Target

Source: NTT Network Innovation Labs.

41

FujitsuMEMS-SW

Fujitsu MEMS-SW

GSMP-IF

NEL DC-SW

Control Box

NTTDC-SW

NTT DC-SW

NTT DC-SW

Control Box

Experiment of OBS in the JGN II Test Bed

In the JGN II Open Laboratory

in Keihanna, Japan

２５６ ＭＥＭＳ Ｓｗｉｔｃｈ （Fujitsu)

Source: NTT and Fujitsu

42

1

1

2

2

Experiment of 3 nodes of OBS designed by AML (Aoyama-Morikawa Lab.)

Bursts on 4 wavelengths

43

Application-centered Reservationof Photonic Networks

VisualizationEVL (Chicago)

Cluster

OC-192

PIN

Cluster

CalientPhotonic Switch

Cluster Cluster

CalientPhotonic Switch

GlimmerglassPhotonic Switch

Correlation / FilteringStarLight (Chicago)

Data Access UvA(Amsterdam)

Muxed & DeMuxed DWDM

PIN PIN

PDC PPBACPDC

Joe Mambretti (NU), Eric He, Oliver Yu (UIC), Cees de Laat (UvA)

44

Examples of Network Testbeds

45

What Has Changed Since Ten Years Ago?

• The Grid emerged for distributed computing applications

• Lambdas available at reduced prices• 1GE and 10GE switching/routing possible• StarLight built for electronic and optical peering of

international networks• Low cost alternatives to big routers installed• StarLight partners formed GLIF• GLIF building the LambdaGrid – lambda networks

becoming a Grid resource, just like computers, data stores and instruments

Source: Tom DeFnti

46

From iGrid 2000 at INET 2000…July 18-21, 2000, Yokohama, Japan

• 14 regions: Canada, CERN, Germany, Greece, Japan, Korea, Mexico,Netherlands, Singapore, Spain, Sweden, Taiwan, United Kingdom, USA

• 24 demonstrations: featuring technical innovations in tele-immersion, large datasets, distributed computing, remote instrumentation, collaboration, streaming media, human/computer interfaces, digital video and high-definition television, and grid architecture development, and application advancementsin science, engineering, cultural heritage, distance education, media communications, and art and architecture

• 100Mb transpacific bandwidth carefully managed

www.startap.net/igrid2000

47

Ten Years Later: 10Gb Connectivity

48

KanazawaSendai

Sapporo

Nagano

KochiNagoya

Fukuoka

Naha

Okayama

<１G>・Teleport Okayama (Okayama)・Hiroshima University (Higashi

Hiroshima)<１００M>・Tottori University of

Environmental Studies (Tottori)・Techno Arc Shimane (Matsue)・New Media Plaza Yamaguchi

(Yamaguchi)

<１０G>・Kyoto University (Kyoto)・Osaka University (Ibaraki)

<１G>・NICT Kansai Advanced Research Center (Kobe)

<１００M>・Biwako Information Highway AP * (Ohtsu)・Nara Prefectural Institute of Industrial

Technology (Nara)・Wakayama University (Wakayama)・Hyogo Prefecture Nishiharima Office

(Kamigori-cho, Hyogo Prefecture)

<１０G> ・Kyushu University (Fukuoka)

<１００M>・NetCom Saga (Saga)・Nagasaki University

(Nagasaki)・Kumamoto PrefecturalGovernment (Kumamoto)・Toyonokuni Hyper Network AP

*(Oita)・Miyazaki University (Miyazaki)・Kagoshima University

(Kagoshima)

<１００M>・Kagawa Creation of New Industries Support Center (Takamatsu)・The University of Tokushima (Tokushima)・Ehime University (Matsuyama)・Kochi University of Technology

(Tosayamada-cho, Kochi Prefecture)

<１００M>・Nagoya University (Nagoya)・University of Shizuoka (Shizuoka)・Softopia Japan (Ogaki, Gifu Prefecture)・Mie Prefectural College of Nursing (Tsu)

<１０G>・Ishikawa Create Lab

(Tatsunokuchi-machi, Ishikawa Prefecture)<１００M>・Toyama Institute of Information Systems (Toyama)・Fukui Information Super Highway AP * (Fukui)

<１００M>・Niigata University

(Niigata)・Matsumoto Information

Creative Center (Matsumoto,

Nagano Prefecture)

<１０G>・The University of Tokyo

(Bunkyo Ward, Tokyo)・NICT Kashima Space Research Center

(Kashima, Ibaraki Prefecture)<1G>・Yokosuka Telecom Research Park

(Yokosuka, Kanagawa Prefecture)<100M>・Utsunomiya University (Utsunomiya)・Gunma Industrial Technology Center

(Maebashi)・Reitaku University

(Kashiwa, Chiba Prefecture)・NICT Honjo Multi-Media Open

Laboratory(Honjo, Saitama Prefecture)

・Yamanashi Prefectural Open Centerfor R&D(Nakakoma-gun, Yamanashi Prefecture)

<１G>・Tohoku University

(Sendai)・NICT Iwate IT Open Laboratory

(Takizawa-mura, Iwate Prefecture<１００M>・Hachinohe Institute of Technology

(Hachinohe, Aomori Prefecture・Akita Regional IX *

(Akita)・Keio University Tsuruoka Town

Campus(Tsuruoka, Yamagata Prefecture

・The University of Aizu(AizuWakamatsu)

<１００M>・Network Organization for Researchand Technology in Hokkaido AP *

(Sapporo)

NICT Tsukuba Research Center

20Gbps10Gbps1GbpsOptical testbeds

Core network nodes(Available as access points)

Access points

Osaka

Tokyo

USA

NICT Keihannna Human Info-Communications

Research Center

NICT Kita Kyushu IT Open Laboratory

NICT KoganeiHeadquarters

[Legends ]

*IX:Internet eXchange

AP:Access Point

Outline of JGN ⅡNetworkOutline of JGN ⅡNetwork

49

Structure of JGN II

NW-A : OAM NW

NW-B : Tera b/s core networking

GMPLS Control

10G (1G×8)

10G

KitakyushuKanazawa

10G10G

10G×2

10G Tsukuba

Otemachi

CRL Keihanna

CRLKoganei

10G

10G

CRLKashima

10G

Sendai

Sapporo

1G

1G

Nagano

Kochi Nagoya

1G 1G

1GFukuoka

Dojima

10G (1G×8) 10G

(1G×8)

1G

Okinawa

10G

10G (1G×8)

Okayama

CRLKobe

1G

Kanazawa

Kanazawa

Fukuoka

Fukuoka

Dojima

Dojima

Okayama

Otemachi

Kitakyushu

CRLKeihanna Tsukuba

CRLKashima

TsukubaOtemachi

Dojima

CRLKeihannna

Dark Fiber NW : Photonic Networking

US

50

(1) 10Gbps (OC-192 SONET) 1 line

(2) JAPAN (Tokyo) - USA (Chicago)

(3) To succeed TRANSPAC

(4) Management under (or as ) JGN2 project (Link-owner NICT)

(5) Method of Use (The detail will be decided and announced before launching.)

(6) Transit connection via JGN2 is not allowed, in principle.

Characteristics of JGN2 / Japan-US lineCharacteristics of JGN2 / Japan-US line

Domestic Research Organizations

Overseas Research Organizations

A Joint Research Contract between users and NICT (same as JGN)

MoU (Memory of Understanding) based on the comprehensive joint research contract

51

ＪＧＮII Sympojium -- Uncompressed HDTV at 1.5 GpbsLive From Seattle to Osaka

Osaka

Seattle

Chicago

Japan: NiCT, JGN II, WIDE

Circuits: JGN II, WIDE, KDDI, NTT, IEEAF, NLR (National Lambda Rail)

USA: University of California San Diego/Calit2, University of Washington/Pacific Northwest GigaPoP, Pacific Interface, Inc., StarLight (Argonne National Laboratory, Northwestern University, University of Illinois at Chicago), Indiana University

52

Real-Time HDTV Broadcast from USA to Japan Enabled by Advanced Networks Japan’s JGN2 Symposium 2005 features keynote speaker Larry Smarr broadcasted live from Seattle over advanced optical networks

January 18, 2005 – Seattle, Washington, USA and Osaka, Japan.

Dignitaries and researchers attending the JGN2 Symposium 2005 in Osaka, Japan this week listened as Larry Smarr gave the keynote presentation on the large screen above the podium. Unlike traditional keynote talks, however, Smarr was 5000 miles away, in Seattle, Washington. Advances in transmitting live, uncompressed high-definition television (HDTV) over optical networks are enabling true telepresence, in which participants feel they are together in the same room.

53

Global Lambda Integrated FacilityGLIF World Map – 2005

Predicted international Research & Education Network bandwidth, to be made available for scheduled application and middleware research experiments by 2005

www.glif.is Visualization by Bob Patterson, NCSA.

54

GLIF Members• Argonne National

Laboratory• Cal-(IT)2

• Caltech

• CANAIRE• CERN

• CESNET/ CzechLight

• DataTAG• IEEAF

• Indiana University

• Internet2• JISC (UK)

• MIT

• NSF (USA)

• National LambdaRail

• NetherLight• NORDUnet/

NorthernLight• Northwestern

University• Pacific Northwest

GigaPoP

• Pacific Wave

• StarLight• SURFnet

• TeraGrid

• TERENA

• TransLight

• UKERNA/JANET and UKLight

• University of Amsterdam

• University College London

• University of Illinois at Chicago

• University of Maryland• University of

Washington

• USAwaves

• WIDE Project• JGN II

55

What are GLIF Exchanges?

• GLIF exchanges are open bandwidth concentrators and exchanges (StarLight, NetherLight, UKLight, NorthernLight, Pacific Wave, CAVEwave, MANLAN, HKLight, T-LEX, JGN II, …)

• GLIF exchanges deliver Grid cyberinfrastructure services, such as computing, storage and visualization support

• GLIF exchanges deal with big data streams and map them economically to the least expensive services they need

• GLIF exchanges have co-location space for experimental equipment

56

University of California, San DiegoCalifornia Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology

[Cal-(IT)2]

iGrid 2oo5The Global Integrated Facility

http://www.startap.net/igrid2005

57

ＧＬＩＦ２００６ will be held in

Japan ！

58Thank you for your Attention !

Univ. of Tokyo

Campus

Thank you for your attention ！

http://www.mlab.t.u-tokyo.ac.jp

The University of Tokyo

Campus