Experiments Day 1 & 2 Resistors, Potentiometers and Photocells.
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Transcript of Experiments Day 1 & 2 Resistors, Potentiometers and Photocells.
Experiments Day 1 & 2Resistors, Potentiometers and Photocells.
You should have a kit of electronic parts.
First we will learn to identify the parts, then you will inventory them and later learn how they work
The breadboard lets you connect components without soldering (pronounced sodd-er-ing) meaning to melt metal to join parts.
You should have
• A 9 volt battery to provide power. It should always be unplugged and put in a separate bag before you put your kit away.
You should have
• Lots of resistors
• At least 10 wires
You should have
• A speaker for making sounds
• A push button switch to turn circuits on and off
You should have
• At least 1 battery snap to connect the battery to the breadboard. Red is positive, black is negative.
• Some LED lights
You should have
• A diode (it’s very small)
• Some transistors (there are 2 different kinds, you need at least 1 of each: a 3904 and a3906)
You should have
• A photocell that detects light. It’s flat and has sort of a zigzag pattern on top
• A SCR which is a kind of switch
You should have
• A variety of capacitors. The small ones are ceramic, the larger ones are can capacitors
You should have
• A potentiometer. It has a knob you can turn
• One IC (integrated circuit) which is a 555 timer
2 Battery Snaps
Battery
Speaker
SCR Capacitors
PhotocellPush Button
Transistors
Diode
3 LED’s
555 Timer
Potentiometer
15Wires
Solderless Breadboard
Inventory
1. Every day you receive your kit, TAKE INVENTORY.
2. Match all of the items in your kit with the inventory sheets in your kit.
3. Report any missing item to your teacher.
4. At the end of class, re-inventory your kit. Check around where you worked for any loose parts.
Learn how to identify the resistors
•Resistors have color bands on them•Colors are called the “color code”•4 bands on each resistor
•Band 1 = 1st Digit•Band 2 = 2nd Digit•Band 3 = Multiplier.•Band 4 = tolerance
•Gold = 5%•Silver = 10%If the 3rd band is
gold = /10 silver = /100
Most have 4 bands, the last band is usually silver or gold.
Lay the resistor with the silver or gold band to the right and write down the numbers for the first 2 bands followed by the number of zeros for the 3rd band.
Black Brown Red Orange Yellow Green Blue Violet Gray White
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
10 o
hm (
Bro
wn,
Bla
ck,
Bla
ck,
Go
ld)
2 @
47
ohm
(Y
ello
w,
Vio
let,
Bla
ck,
Gol
d)
2 @
100
ohm
(B
row
n,
Bla
ck,
Bro
wn
, G
old
)
3 @
220
ohm
(R
ed,
Red
, B
row
n, G
old)
3 @
330
ohm
(O
rang
e, O
rang
e B
row
n,
Gol
d)
470
oh
m (
Yel
low
, V
iole
t, B
row
n,
Gol
d)
4 @
1K
ohm
(B
row
n, B
lack
, R
ed,
Go
ld)
2.2K
ohm
(R
ed,
Red
, R
ed,
Gol
d)
3.3K
ohm
(O
rang
e, O
rang
e, R
ed,
Gol
d)
2 @
6.8
K o
hm
(B
l ue
, G
ray ,
Red
, G
o ld )
3 @
10K
ohm
(B
row
n,
Bla
ck,
Ora
nge,
G
old
) 16K
oh
m (
Bro
wn,
Blu
e, O
rang
e,
Gol
d)
2 @
33K
ohm
(O
rang
e, O
rang
e, O
rang
e, G
old)
120
K o
hm (
Bro
wn,
Re
d, Y
ello
w,
Gol
d)
470
K o
hm (
Ye
llow
, V
iole
t, Y
ello
w,
Gol
d)
Quantity Description Replacement Cost
26 Resistors 25 cents each
8 Capacitors 50 cents each
1 Potentiometer $1.50 each
1 Silicon Coated Rectifier $1.00 each
1 Diode 25 cents each
3 LED (Light Emitting Diode) 25 cents each
1 Photocell $1.00 each
2 9-volt battery lead 50 cents each
15 Solid Wires 10 cents each
1 555 Timer Chip 50 cents each
1 Push Button Switch $1.00 each
4 Transistors 50 cents each
1 Speaker $2.00 each
1 Solderless Circuit Board $6.00 each
1 9 volt battery $2.00 each
Review how a circuit works
Voltage is the electrical force that moves electrons through a conductor.
V
I R
CURRENT is the quantity or flow rate of electrons moving past a point within one second.
V
I R
Resistance is the force that reduces or stops the flow of electrons.
V
I R
•Solderless Circuit Boards – The Bread Board
•On each side of the the “ditch” all the holes on each row are connected. •We use the bread board to construct electronic circuits that we want to test. •Because we do not use solder, it is easy to make changes and adjustments
This is the “ditch”. It separates the sides.
The holes are connected by rows not columns.