Experiment No 2. 5 Experiment Material and Chemicals Overview Introduction Procedure Objective 1 2 3...
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Transcript of Experiment No 2. 5 Experiment Material and Chemicals Overview Introduction Procedure Objective 1 2 3...
Experiment No 2
Effect of high and low salt water on Seed germination
5
Experiment
Material and Chemicals
Overview
Introduction
Procedure
Objective
1
2
3
4
Introduction
Water containing dissolved substances such as chlorides, sulfates, carbonates, and bicarbonates of calcium, magnesium, sodium, and potassium in high concentration is called as high salt water.
Low concentration of dissolved salt will become cause of low salt water.
High and low salt water
Threat of squandering of one third of cultivated land by desertification.
Limited sweet water resources and increase in the use of brackish underground water ,as the main reasons of desertification in Pakistan.
Abiotic stresses for crops Drought light Heat salt stress
Effect of salt concentration on crops
Excess salinity in soil water can decrease plant available water and cause plant stress.
Salt tolerance of plant depends upon its ability to check the movement of salts at five sites.
Selective absorption of roots. Entry of nutrients in xylem.Entry of food materials in the phloem .Exclusion of salts.Evacuation of toxic salts by salt glands.
Effect of high salt water: Wilting of plant
High or low salt concentration become cause of fluctuation in chloride and sodium ions of different parts of plant.
Different critical mechanisms of plant
PhotosynthesisStomatal conductance Transpiration rate
Effects
Salt tolerance and salt sensitivity
Lower conductivity of distilled water than tap water
Types and Causes of Salinity
human-induced salinity
Example of salinity
Experiment for In vitro Seed Germination
Filter paper Tap water NaCl Distilled water Petri dishes Agar HgCl2
Tissue paper Balance Cylinder Beaker
Apparatus and Chemicals
Layout and protocol of the Experiment
Preparation of Agar
Tap ,distilled and salted water is used
Seed Preparation
Soaking of seeds
Agar +Tap water
Autoclave to avoid
contamination
Surface Sterilization of seeds
70% ethanol is used
Laminar flow hood is used
Do not dip into ethanol
overnight
Washing of seeds
Seed coat is removed
Propagation of seed
germination
Transfer of seeds in test Petri dishesAgar+ prepared seeds
orFilter paper +prepared seeds
Provide favorable
conditions for growth
Placement in growth room
And observation of results
Use of Laminar flow hood+ hands should be washed properly
Soak seeds in distilled water, tap water and salted water overnight.
In order to prepare plain agar dissolve 1 gram of agar is in 100 ml of tap water and autoclave it with other necessary apparatus in autoclave at 120c for 20 min.
Take all apparatus in laminar flow to avoid contamination.
For surface sterilization of seeds dip them into ethanol solution for 2-3 minutes.
Protocol
Wash them 2-3 times and then remove seed coats.
Place those soaked and rest of the un soaked seeds in Petri dish with the help of forceps, in which solidified agar media is present.
Place filter paper in Petri dish and pour 5 ml distilled water on it and then place soaked and un soaked seeds on it for germination.
Clover Petri plates with aluminum foil and place them in growth room for a day and check the growth of roots and shoots.
Record observation in form of table daily for one week.
Seeds will germinate more quickly if they are first placed in a cup of tap water and allowed to sit and soak-up water.
Do not dip in HgCl2 overnight.Avoid contamination during experiment.Agar should be fully dissolved in water for media preparation.
Observation
Precautions
Thank You