EXPERIENCE ON RURAL ELECTRIFICATION IMPLEMENTATION Rural Electrification ACE Bali.30 May...

E L E C T R I C I T Y F O R A B E T T E R L I F E

EXPERIENCE ON RURAL ELECTRIFICATION IMPLEMENTATION

PT PLN (Persero) Division of System Planning 2nd ASEAN Rural Electrification Workshop 30 – 31 May 2012 Denpasar, Bali


Electrification Ratio (Dec 2011)

1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

Electrification

Ratio8% 16% 28% 43% 53% 62% 63% 64.34% 65.10% 65.79% 67.15% 73.71%

Year

NAD

90,85% Sumut

82,59%

Sumbar

74,62%

Sumsel

67,62%

Bengkulu

73,41%

Babel

85,88%

Lampung

62,60%

Jakarta

100%

Banten

74,43%

Jabar

71,03%

Jateng

79,08%

Jambi

75,71%

DIY

77,45% Jatim

75,09%

Bali

70,87%

NTB

48,92% NTT

41,55%

Kalbar

74,28%

Kalteng

57,07%

Kalsel

74,05%

Kaltim

76,49% Sulut

79,67% Gorontalo

75,06%

Sulteng

70,60%

Sultra

47,11%

Sulsel

72,55%

Malut

63,84%

Maluku

72,62% Papua

41,99%

Category :

> 60 %

41 - 60 %

20 - 40 %

Sulbar

50,51%

1

Kepri

72,59%

Papua Barat

61,26%

Riau

68,36%

2

Java Bali Grid is well developed, but rural electrification (RE) needs to

be speed up

SURALAYA

CILEGON

M.TAWAR

GANDUL CIBATU

CIBINONG

CIRATA

SAGULING

DEPOK

BEKASI CAWANG

TASIKMALAYA

BANDUNG SELATAN

MANDIRANCAN

UNGARAN

T.JATI

PEDAN

KEDIRI PAITON

GRATI

KRIAN

GRESIK

KEMBANGAN

GLNUK PMRON

BTRTI

KAPAL

NGARA

ANTRI GNYAR

AMPLA

NSDUA

GTENG

STBDO

BWNGI

BDWSO

JMBER TNGUL

LMJNG

GNDING

PBLGO

PAKIS

WLNGI KKTES

KBAGN

BNGIL

BNGIL

SKLNG

KBAGN

BNRAN

GLTMR

BKLAN

SPANG

PMKSN

SMNEP

LNGAN

NGBNG

MKRTO

NGORO KTSNO

SBLTN

TUBAN

BABAT

DWIMA

BJGRO

NGAWI

MNRJO

RBANG

BLORA

CEPU

SRGEN

PWRDI

KDMBO

PATI JPARA

KUDUS TBROK KRPYK WLERI

KLNGU

GRUNG

DIENG

WSOBO

WALIN

PWRJO

WATES

BNTUL

SMANU

MDARI KNTUG

WNGIRI

WNSRI

PALUR

JAJAR

MJNGO

KBSEN BRBES

KBSEN

RWALO

CLCAP

GBONG

KBMEN

MRICA

MNANG BNJAR CAMIS

JTBRG

HRGLS

SRAGI

SKMDI INDMY

SBANG PWKTA

CKPAY

PBRAN

GARUT

DRJAT

CKSKA

RCKEK

KMJNG

CGRLG

UBRNG

PDLRG DAGO

KSBRU

RGDLK

KNGAN

BBKAN

MLBNG

ARJWN

PMPEK

SMDRA SNTSA

CNJUR

LBSTU PRATU

UBRUG

SALAK

BGBRU BUNAR

RKBTG MENES

CLGON TNAGA

BLRJA

P

P

P P

P

INDRAMAYU

.JATENG

ADIPALA

BOJANEGARA

BANTEN

500 kV AC

150 kV 500 kV DC

– Most developed system in RI, yet electrification ratio is still around 76.45% (Dec

2011)

– RE has been developed solely by Central Gov (but limited state budget) and PLN,

there is no district nor commune electrification initiative/group/cooperative

– 500/150 kV grid extension mainly done by corporate action of PLN (Initial phase

500 kV prior 1997 was government program trough REPELITA)


Similar Case in Other Islands

500 kV

Prabumulih

Baturaja

Tarahan

Tes HEPP

Sukamerindu

Bangko

Tl. Kelapa

MarianaLubuk

Linggau

Payo

Selincah

Adijaya

B. Tegi

HEPP

1 . PLTG Apung

2. PLTG Ex Pulo Gadung3 . IPP Palembang Timur

KiliranjaoSalak

Lubuk Alung Pauh

Limo

S.Haru

Bagan Batu

Kulim

S.Penuh

PagarAlam

Singkarak

HEPP

Pd. Luar

Teluk

Lembu

Duri

Banda AcehSigli

Bireun Lhokseumawe

Idie

Langsa

Sipan HEPP

Tele

Brastagi

PLTU/GU

K. Tanjung

G.Para

P. Siantar

Porsea

Kisaran

Aek Kanopan

R. Prapat

K. Pinang

Panyabungan

Asahan IHEPP

Meulaboh

Takengon

Tembilahan

Muara Bungo

Bagan

Siapi- api

P. Kerinci

Maninjau

HEPP

Manna

Bangkinang

Sibolga

Glugur

Mabar

T . Morawa

KIM

Pd. Panjang

Keramasan

Simpang 3

Sribawono

Borang

Gumawang

New

Tarahan

Kalianda

Sp.Banyak

Mukomuko

Simpang 4

Tapak Tuan

Sabulusalam

PLTU

P. Susu

P. Pangarayan

PLTUCirenti

Musi HEPP

Sumbar Pessel

PLTUL. Angin

PLTG G. Megang

Sistem

JAWA

Suka

rame

B. Umpu

Tualang Cut

Jantho

Seulawah

New

G.Sakti

Garuda

Sakti

TNB

Malaysia

Malaka

5

67

12

34

P.Pasir

T. Tinggi

Labuhan

Tegineneng

Sutami

Binjai

P.Geli

Namorambe

Titi KuningDenai

Galang

P. Brandan

Batusangkar

Ombilin

Payakumbuh

Perawang

Tenayan

Siak Sri Indra Pura

T. Kuantan

Bungus

Indarung

Kt. Panjang

HEPP

Merangin

HEPP

Peusangan 1-2HEPP

Blangkjeren

Kuta Cane

Lawe MamasHEPP

Pasir Putih

Perbaungan

Belawan

Lamhotma

Aur Duri

PLTU

Jambi

Lahat

Bukit

Asam

Betung

PLTG Kaji

PLTUS. Belimbing

PLTUBanjarsari

PLTUK. Agung

KotabumiBukit

Kemuning

PLTP

L.Balai

Liwa

Bengkunat

NatarGd. Tataan

Tlk .

Betung

Tlk. Ratai

WampuHEPP

Metro

PLTP Wai Ratai

.

S. Lilin

B. Lincir

M. ENIM

PLTUMeulaboh

Pd . Sidempuan

PLTPUluBelu

Pagelaran

K. Agung

PLTPRajabasa

Langkapura

Besai HEPP

PLTPS. Sekincau

Menggala

P. Ratu

PLTP

Hulu Lais

PLTP

R.Dedap

Muara

Dua

PLTP

D. Ranau

T.Tinggi

Sekayu

Kayu

Agung

T.Api-api

GIS Kota I

P.Baai

Muara Bulian

Sarolangun

Muara

Rupit

K. Tungkal

KambangPLTU

Sumbar-1

PLTP

M.Laboh

Pariaman

PIP

GIS Kota

Solok

PLTP

G. Talang

Kandis

Minas

Dumai

KID

T.Pura

D. Sanggul

TarutungPLTPP. Bukit

Sidikalang

Renun HEPP

G.Tua

PLTPSarulla&

Sipaholon

Simangkok Asahan IIIHEPP

Asahan IV&VHEPP

Sei. Rotan

PLTU

Sumut-2

PLTPS. Merapi

K. Namu

P. Batu

Ulee

Kareng

Samalanga

C. Trueng

P. Labu

Rengat

D

P

U

Blang Pidie

Pekalongan

Argamakmur

Mesuji

Dipasena

– Sumatera electrification ratio

is still around 74,26% (Dec

2011)

– RE has been developed solely

by Central Gov (but limited

state budget) and PLN, few

district nor commune

electrification

initiative/group/cooperative

– 500/275/150 kV grid extension

mainly done by corporate

action of PLN

500 kV

275kV

150 kV

250 kV DC


Demand of electricity is expected to grow fast (2011-2020)

IB : 10,2%

24

TWh

55

TWh

IT : 10,8%

13

TWh

31

TWh

JB : 7,8%

125

TWh

241

TWh

Electriciy demand is predicted to grow at a average rate of 8,46% per year.

Source : RUPTL 2011-2020

2011 2020

4


Residensial

Bisnis

Publik

Industri

0

50,000

100,000

150,000

200,000

250,000

300,000

350,000

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

Indonesia

Residensial

BisnisPublik

Industri

0

50,000

100,000

150,000

200,000

250,000

300,000

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

Jawa-Bali

Residensial

Bisnis

PublikIndustri

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

35,000

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

Indonesia Timur

Residensial

Bisnis

PublikIndustri

0

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

Indonesia Barat

Residential customers still majority portion

Source : RUPTL 2011-2020 5


Projection of Electrification Ratio (ER) 2011-2020

50,0

60,0

70,0

80,0

90,0

100,0

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

(%)

• ER Target 2014 is in line with

RPJM, EI 72%, WI 82%, JB

82% and Indonesia 80%

• ER at the end of 2011 is 73.7%,

which is EI 62.4%, WI 74.3%,

JB 76.5%

• Substantial increase of ER from 2010 to 2011 due ER Acceleration Program on low ER

provinces

• WI : substantial ER increase in Riau (addition of 230k customer), Jambi (80k + 200k

non-PLN customer), Sumsel (230k + 100k non-PLN) and Lampung (210k + 130k non-

PLN + 70k ex-KLP).

• EI : substantial ER increase in NTT (350k + 60k non-PLN), NTB (400k + 23k non-PLN),

Papua (220k + 32k non-PLN), Papua Barat (40k + 20k non-PLN) 6


State Budget for Rural Electrification 2011-2014

7

MV LV

kms kms MVA Unit

2011 8.198,0 7.615,1 373,3 5.847 382.864 3.223.783,8 358.2

2012 4.495,6 4.881,1 233,0 3.466 248.833 2.260.194,7 251.1

2013 7.585,9 7.507,4 386,4 5.623 438.466 3.839.231,7 426.6

2014 7.403,4 7.326,7 377,1 5.488 427.915 3.746.849,7 416.3

Total 27.682,8 27.330,3 1.369,9 20.424 1.498.078 13.070.059,9 1,452.2

Cost (m Rp) Cost (m USD)Year

Trafo Number of

Customer

• Strong commitment and support from central government/MEMR from year to year

• It is expected increasing role of district government and local society so not only PLN

and Central Gov as the main actors in driving ER


What about for off-grid RE ? Isolated and Micro Grid

[1/3] Off Grid RE Program : Older/Scattered Diesel PP

8

• Utilizing older scattered diesel power plant built by PLN (prior 1997)

• Number of diesel generating units reaches more than 4.600 units with

installed capacity more than 3.250 MW (Statistic PLN 2011)

• Suffers problem of quality and quantity of supply, and fuel logistic.

• Fuel oil for diesel generator is very costly to run, hence the network

does not expand

• Introducing of hybrid with renewable energy to bring the generation

cost lower


[2/3] Off Grid RE Program : State Budget for Micro/Mini Hydro PP

9

• There has been a provision of state budget for development of

micro/mini hydro for rural electrification

• Micro/mini hydro resources only available at certain locations

• Community-driven program has been implemented at some

locations by NGOs/cooperatives/local society


[3/3] Off Grid RE Program : Recent Program (SHS & 1.000 Island PV Plant)

10

• Solar Home

System program

by PLN and GOI

• 1000 islands

Centralized PV

Plant by PLN and

GOI : 857 location

• 2012 : Cheap and

Save Electricity

Program by

MEMR

• (Source : PLN Team for

1000 island PV Plant)

On Going

APLN (36 location

7.055 MWp)

Proc

Process

APLN (78 location

13.065 MWp)

Proposed IBRD

funded (261 location)

Proposed 2012 (141 location; Off

Grid)

100 Island PV Plant

Program

(114 location; 20.120 MWp)

Program for 2013-

2014 (270 location)

IPP PV Plant

(71 location)

1.000 Island Centralised PV Plant


EXISTING PV AND WIND POWER PLANT PROJECTS OF PLN

RIAU&KEPRI

Location: TAREMPA

ANAMBAS Island

Capacity: 200 kWp

Status : Construction

RIAU&KEPRI

Location: MORO.

KARIMUN Island

Capacity: 200 kWp


EAST KALIMANTAN

Location: SEBATIK

SEBATIK Island

Capacity : 300 kWp


EAST KALIMANTAN

Location: BUNYU

BUNYU Island

Capacity : 150 kWp

Status : On Tender

EAST KALIMANTAN

Location: DERAWAN Island

Capacity : 170 kWp + Battery

Status : Operation on March 2011

WEST SUMATERA

Location: SIMALEPET

SIPORA Island

Capacity: 40 kWp


WEST NUSA TENGGARA

Location : GILI TRAWANGAN

Capacity : 200 kWp

Status : Operation on Feb 2011

SOUTH SULAWESI

Location: TOMIA Island

Capacity : 75 kWp

Status : Operation on May 2011

MALUKU

Location: BANDA NAIRA

Capacity : 100 kWp

Status : Operation on Dec. 2010

PAPUA

Location: SAONEK

RAJA AMPAT Islands

Capacity : 40 kWp

Status : Operation on Dec. 2010

NORTH SULAWESI

Location : BUNAKEN Island

Capacity : 335 kWp + Battery

Status : Operation on Feb. 2011

NORTH SULAWESI

Location : MARAMPIT Island

Capacity : 50 kWp


NORTH SULAWESI

Location : MIANGAS Island

Capacity : 30 kWp

Status : Operation on Oct 2011

EAST NUSATENGGARA

Location: LEMBATA

Capacity : 200 kWp

Status : Operation on Sept 2011

WEST SUMATERA

Location: TUA PEJAT

SIPORA Island

Capacity: 150 kWp


INDONESIA

-Average Solar Irradiation between 4 – 6 kW/m2 . Most

higher radiation is in Eastern of Indonesia

- Estimating, the radiation can generate energy about

3.7 kWh/day.

BALI

Location : NUSA PENIDA

Capacity : 3x85 kW

Status : Existing owned by PLN : Wind Turbine Projects

: Photovoltaic Projects

NORTH MALUKU

Location : MOROTAI Island

Capacity : 600 kWp

Status: Operation on April 2012


Development of Renewable Energy

12

Source : RUPTL 2011-2020

No Pembangkit - EBT Satuan

TAHUN

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 TOTAL

1 PLTMH MW 23 37 198 126 46 193 203 214 225 235 1500

2 PLT Surya MWp*) 2 30 50 60 70 70 75 75 80 80 592

3 PLT Bayu MW 0 0 10 10 15 15 20 20 25 25 140

4 PLT Biomass MW 16 33 35 35 35 40 40 45 45 50 374

5 PLT Kelautan MW 0 0 2 0 0 5 5 5 5 5 27

6 PLT Bio-Fuel MW**) - 10 15 15 14 8 7 7 8 9 93

7 PLT Gas-Batubara MW 6 32

81

43

22

7

22

14

6

10 243

TOTAL MW 47 142 391 289 202 338 372 380 394 414 2,969

13

What is feasible for: PLTMH? PLTS communal ?

Masterplan of Rural Electrification

Planning for Rural Electrification – Scoring System Approach [1/2]

Special Policy

Is there any particular rural electrification

policy, such as obligation to electrify first all

district capitals, sub-district capitals and villages of border areas

Grid extension vs Isolated

Evaluate whether electrification of a village is

more feasible by grid extension or

isolated/micro grid, considering factors such

as degree of remoteness, grid extension plan,

nature obstacles (conservation forest/areas, isolated islands, etc).

Villages in district capital, sub-district

capital or border areas are put into first

priority without going through scoring

system

Integration of Isolated System into Grid

Evaluate when the isolated system can be

integrated into grid, by looking at grid development plan

Priority scoring

By using transparent scoring system, make a priority list of villages

RE Planning Process

Village Data Check if a village status has been electrified or not, look up data from BPS Head Office/Region regarding ER, population density, income and main employment

Socio-Culture Study

• Study community needs (electricity for what purpose? )

• Is there any special request from local gov, local

parliament ?

• Willingness to pay

• Are they ‘satisfied’ if served using SHS ?

Technical-Economic-Geographic Study

• Learn existing grid data and grid development plan

• Check existing supply

• Ceck geographic conditions

• Least-cost assesment to choose grid extension

option or isolated system

• If it is isolated system, is it communal or individual ?

• If communal, what type of power plant ? Is there any

local primary energy sources ?

Village Candidates

• List of villages to be electrified but not given

priority order yet

• Methods of electrification has been selected:

grid extension or isolated

• Including integration of isolated system to

grid

Village Priority Order

•Priority scoring based on socio-culture aspect

(40%), technical (40%) and economic (20%)

•Check annual state budget allocation/ER

target for RE

•Villages in district capital, sub-district capital

and border areas are given highest priority

Annual RE Program for 5 years ahead

• Village name and coordinate

• Network consruction, generation

• Cost needed

15


16

• Participation of private/local community/cooperative is encouraged

• Needs proper set of regulation

• What makes such micro grid works and sustainable ?

Micro Grid/Mini Grid Development by Private/Community


17

Feed In Tariff for Renewable Energy - Rural Electrification

• MEMR Regulation Number 04 Year 2012 dated on 31st January 2012 stipulates

feed in tariff for renewable energy.

• Feed in tariff :

• Renewable energy in general : Rp 656,-/kWh xF for MV connection and Rp

1.004,-/kWhxF for LV connection

• Biomass and biogas : Rp 975,-/kWh for MV connection and Rp 1.325,-/kWh for

LV connection.

• Municipal waste based on zero waste : Rp 1.050,-/kWh for MV and Rp 1.398,-

/kWh for LV

• Municipal waste based on sanitary landfill : Rp 850,-/kWh for MV and Rp

1.198,-/kWh for LV

• F Factor : location specific adjustment rate (1 – 1.5)


18

Current Progress in Renewable Energy Development for Rural

Status Number Installed Capacity (kW)

Operation 20 43,790

Construction 42 158,408

PPA 41 206,750

MEMR Permit Process 49 186,034

Proposal 31 157,342

Total 183 752,324

IPP Mini Hydro

2012

IPP

Status Number Installed Capacity (kW)

Operation 104 120,280

Construction 10 15,200

FS 83 188,784

Total 197 324,264

PLN

PLN Mini Hydro

2012

• Biomass proposal : 27 location, 155 MW

• Communal PV Plant : 857 location, 118.6 MW


19

No Gen. Unit 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

1 MV kms 1.877 1.088 6.728 1.249 1.306 2.385 1.602 8.198

2 LV kms 2.120 1.381 1.590 1.475 1.323 2.338 1.803 7.615

3 Dist.

Switch

Unit/

kVA

1.089/

46.745

710/

34.685

1.152/

57.560

938/

46.607

921/

44.895

1274/

76.165

991/

48.220

5.047/

370

4 Mini Hydro Unit/

kW - 3/40

22/

2.433 7/269 8/1909 13/1178 -

4/

900

5 SHS Unit/

kWp -

1.422/7

11

19.209/9

60,4

40.598/

2.029

37.279/

1.864

77.433/

3871.65 -

6 Centralised

PV

Unit/

kWp - - - 6/102 10/240

-

-

1/

40

7 Wind Unit/

kW - 2/160 3/240 6/735 1/202 - -

8 Diesel kW 104/

52.430

48/

25.350 - - - - 45/16.000

9

Hybrid

Unit/k

W - - - - 1/6 18/252 -

Renewable Energy Development for RE (State Budget – MEMR)


Problems and Mitigation (1/2)

Problems : • Budget increase from Rp 594 billion(2010) to

Rp3,2 triliun (2011).

• Increasing number of procurement packages from 340 packages (2010) to 1368 paket (2011)

• Transition periods for implementation of Perpres 54/2010 regarding goods and services procurement

• Stringent procedure for state budget application

• Organisation readiness, HR, operational support for RE Task Force

• Permit for distribution network passing protected areas/forest

• To reach last mile of villages which is becoming more remote and remote :

– Deteriorating losses and reliability

– Investment increase but less customer

Mitigation : • Improving organisation to implement RE by

establishment of Construction Unit / P2K under PLN Distribution/Region Unit

• Establish new procurement strategy : ▫ Implementation of Perpres 54/2010

▫ Unit price

▫ Vendor readiness

▫ Electronic Procurement (LPSE)

• Establishment of a separate procurement unit as mandated by Perpres 54/2010

• Improvement of construction supervision at PLN Head Office and coordination for external support

• It is proposed that state budget is allowed to be used to procure Load Break Swicth/LBS and out going feeder for small scale power plant

• Cheap and Save Electricity Program


Problems : • Late contractor performance will delay RE

progress

• Contractor working process and methods

Mitigation : • Strict policy when choosing contractor

Problems and Mitigation (1/2)


22

• Vast geographical area of Indonesia

• Support from government and society

• Standardization

• Managing expectation from stakeholder

• Scoring priority

• Investment allocation

• Human resources

CHALLENGES AHEAD


23

Thank You…

EXPERIENCE ON RURAL ELECTRIFICATION IMPLEMENTATION Rural Electrification ACE Bali.30 May...

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Transcript of EXPERIENCE ON RURAL ELECTRIFICATION IMPLEMENTATION Rural Electrification ACE Bali.30 May...