Experience of flue gas processing at Alstom’s 15 MW Oxy-fuel pilot plant

3rd Oxyfuel Combustion Conference

Ponferrada, Spain. 9th -13th September 2013

Wuyin Wang, James Kenney, Armand Levasseur

© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.

Oxy-Firing Plant Flue Gas Treatment Process Overview

• Dust

• SOx

• HCl

• Hg

Experience of Flue Gas Processing - WW - 12 Sep 2013 - P 2

© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.

Pressurized DeSOx vs. Ambient DeSOx

Boiler FGD

Additional deSOx

FGCFuel CO2 productGPUPM

Control

DeSOx

Experience of Flue Gas Processing - WW - 12 Sep 2013 - P 3

© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.

Pressurized DeSOx vs. Ambient DeSOx

• Important aspects

− Corrosion− Products

• attractive product from WFGD

− Water reuse

• After FGD, FGC condensate can be readily used.

− Reactions

• Fast reaction in FGD

• SO2 removal depends on NOx

− Equipment

• Pressure

− Plant emission when GPU is not in operation

Experience of Flue Gas Processing - WW - 12 Sep 2013 - P 4

© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.

Flue Gas Cleaning Options – Conventional DeSOx

GPU

FGC

98.0 %

SO2 removal SO2

50 mg/Nm3

89.3 % 285 mg/Nm3

FGDESP/FF

O2

Boiler

SCR

1000 ppm

SO2

−FGD in the recirculation loop

−FGD out of the recirculation loop

SO2

1 mg/Nm3

5 mg/Nm3

99.7 % 50 mg/Nm3

98.3% 285 mg/Nm3

7700 ppm 1 mg/Nm3

5 mg/Nm3

SO2 removal SO2SO2 SO2

99.4 % 50 mg/Nm3

96.5% 285 mg/Nm3

3900 ppm 1 mg/Nm3

5 mg/Nm3

−Higher SO2

Experience of Flue Gas Processing - WW - 12 Sep 2013 - P 5

© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.

Experience of Flue Gas Processing - WW - 12 Sep 2013 - P 6

Test Campaigns at Alstom’s BSF 15 MWth Oxyfiring Pilot

Test campaigns in 2012 with NIDTM, FGC & GPU

- Real flue gas - Low sulfur PRB coal (0.3 wt%)

- High sulfur Bituminous coal (2.7 wt%)

- Oxy Conditions • 75 - 85% CO2, dry

• ~30% H2O

- Air- and Oxy-firing

15 MW Oxy pilot in Windsor

Air / O2Coal (S/Cl content)

CO2

1 Oxy Low Low

2 Oxy Low High

3 Air High

4 Oxy High Low

5 Oxy High High

© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.

ALSTOM BSF Test Facility, Windsor (US)Arrangement

Abbreviations:

GGH = Q-Pipe Heat exchanger HX# = Heat Exchanger with Bypass

NID = Dry Desulfurization System ID-Fan= ID-Fan

DCC = Direct Contact Cooler GPU = Gas Processing Unit

El.

HX

Experience of Flue Gas Processing - WW - 12 Sep 2013 - P 7

© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.

SO2 Captured in NIDTM

Over 98% SO2 removal achieved with NIDTM under oxy-firing conditions.

• Excellent performance for both low S and high S coal.

• Satisfactory control of SO2

at inlet SO2 concentrations from 400 to 4000 ppm under different Oxy-firing conditions.

• Smooth operation of the NIDTM with Fabric Filter

High S coal

Low S coal

Experience of Flue Gas Processing - WW - 12 Sep 2013 - P 8

© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.

Polishing of SO2 in FGC

• Downstream of the NIDTM, FGC provided polishing of SO2, dust, and other impurities.

• SO2 was reduced to ppm level before the compression stages.

• High removal of SO2 even during transient periods.

Experience of Flue Gas Processing - WW - 12 Sep 2013 - P 9

© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.

Particulate, SO3 and HCl

• Concentrations of SO3 and HCl were higher in Oxy-firing than in air-firing.

• Efficient removal over NIDTM

− SO3 to below 1 ppm− HCl to below 1 ppm− Dust to below 5 mg/Nm3

Experience of Flue Gas Processing - WW - 12 Sep 2013 - P 10

© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.

Mercury Captured in NIDTM

Effective Hg removal with NIDTM

• Flue gas from Boiler contained higher concentration of mercury in Oxy mode than in Air mode.

-> needs for mercury control in Oxy-firing.

• NID/FF was effective in reducing mercury in Air mode. Depending on coal type, additive may be needed for mercury control in Oxy mode.

© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.

Mercury Reduction along Flue Gas Processing

• Mercury from Boiler was primarily captured in NID/FF. (Without additive)

• Most of mercury in the flue gas from the NID was found in the condensate from the FGC.

At high Hg level, remove mercury in NIDTM with additives to reduce Hg

contamination of condensate water.

© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.

Conclusion: Key Findings in Flue Gas Treatmentat BSF 15MW Pilot

• Satisfactory operation and excellent performance of NIDTM for SOx, HCl, and dust control at the 15 MW BSF oxy-pilot under air- and oxy-modes.

• FGC further reduced the impurities from the flue gas before the compression stages.

• SO2 was reduced from up to 4000 ppm to ppm level before flue gas compression.

• Efficient removal of SO3 over NIDTM, down to below ppm level

• Efficient control HCl (ppm level) and dust (<5 mg/Nm3 )

• Integrate mercury control with deSOx in NIDTM

Integrated Flue Gas Treatment with combined NIDTM and FGC

Experience of Flue Gas Processing - WW - 12 Sep 2013 - P 13

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