Experience in Nepal

CommunityHouseholds

Income Education Health Human Security

Social Justice (Life with Dignity)

VDC Level

District Level

Central Level

MinistryDonors

INGO Departments

LA Offices

Sub-offices

NGO

Dist Dev CommitteeDist Dev Committee

VDC

Local Development and Service Delivery Mechanism In Nepal

Pre 1990

1990- 1999 & 2003 - 2007

1990- 2000 & 2003 - 2007

2000 – 2002

LSGA

HHHH

Post 2007

User Groups, CBOs, Mothers’ Groups, CMCs

Private SectorPrivate Sector

NGOs/ Civil SocietyNGOs/ Civil Society

Missing Accountability

Missing Accountability

LED Model

NEPAL B.E. CONTEXT

• Post-conflict situation with a poor investment climate due to difficult political transition and rising crime: at the same time, conflict did not destroy infrastructure, institutional structures, etc

• Limited decentralized development investments sustainability and impact for growth and employment creation due to: Short one year planning cycle

(dominated by politicians and local government officials in the absence of locally elected representatives)

Excessive emphasis on community and household level investments

Fragmented sectoral approaches to development (e.g. infrastructure investments not linked to building key competitive advantages for growth and job creation)

The transition of the role of Government in PSD from ‘managing’ to ‘facilitator’ is slow

NEPAL B.E. CONTEXT (Cont’d/-)

• High dependency on foreign remittances: it’s the largest sector of the economy after agriculture

• High levels of underemployment and poverty: Nepal is a landlocked LCD

• Women, Indigenous People and Excluded Castes marginalized in enterprise development and employment (decision-making and receipt of benefits)

• Government does not understand its (ideal) role as catalyst and facilitator of private sector-led growth: it wants to be the manager of PSD!

LED Key principles

Territorial approach

Integrated approach

Sustainability

and

decent work

Good governance

LED strategic planningThe EmPLED process of six phases:

Territorial

diagnosis

and

institutional

mapping

Sensitizing

Creating

or

promoting

a local

forum

Designing

an LED

strategy

Coordinate

or create

implemen-

tation

structures

Evaluating

and

monitoring

activities

LED STEPS• Project formulation • Stakeholder orientation meeting – overview of LED and

EmPLED and promotion of LED Forum.• Data collection for rapid socio-economic profiling (GPRP).• Introductory workshop for all key stakeholders – findings of

GPR profile, consider hypothesis, and decide on immediate priority areas.

• PACA (participatory appraisal of competitive advantage) – gather additional detailed information on priority areas.

• Start-up workshop to agree quick impact activities for priority areas, establishment of LED Forum and implementation.

• Longer term planning and action plans and leveraging of support funds.

• Implementation, monitoring and evaluation.

EmPLED

LED Forum_ Unique Nepali Public, Private, civil Society Partnership

GOVERNMENT LINEAGENCIESPRIVATE SECTORS

TVET,BANK,NGOs,

IP’s & Dalit

TRADEUNIONS

LED Forum

EmPLED Nepal’s Components

1. Capacity Development of Stakeholders

2. Food Value Chain

3. Tourism Value Chain

CORE

farmers middlemen wholesalers

LED Forum, identifies priority, area

Resources Markets

Food value chain

Irrigation Canals

Cooperative

Experienced Lead Farmers/certification

Training, network formation

Exposure visit to successful cases Rupendehi

Trainings

Training and income for farmers

Marketing training

High value cropping seeds

Results:8,000 farmers trained access to services/market40 certified ELF320 ha Irrigation Command area developed30 Km Agriculture Road16 sq. Km watershed Managed 143,,450 Work days Job created & income 2-3 $ per day

Link to Wholesaler

Road

Farmers Association & link to DADO

LED Radio Program

CORE

farmers middlemen wholesalers

LED Forum, identifies priority

Resources Markets

Junar value chain

Road

Cooperative

Experienced Lead Farmers

Training, network formation

Exposure visit to Kathmandu

Training

Training and income for farmers

Marketing training

Intercropping seeds

Results:1,500 farmers trained and gain access to market170 organisedSales/Income increased

Link to supermarket

CORE

Guides, Porters,

Home-staysAgents

LED Forum, identifies priority

Resources Markets

Numbur Chees & IP tourism value chain

Trail improvedCampsites developed

Tourism committees

Access road

Training

Training and income for local workers

Cooking, home-stay management training

Results:27 home-stays,9 VTC31 km trail,10 km road38 people trained15,000 actor connectedPromotion taking placeTourists are starting to use the trail

National and international promotion, brochure, map, Website

Home-stay improvement

Guide training

Product development

Link, visit to trails

Exposure visit

Some “early signs”• Tripling of sales in junar and potato• Incomes generated from tourists on two new trails• Better quality potato seeds, sales increased due to new

markets• Productivity up and more rice, vegetables grown in

Kamala irrigation area• More vegetables grown in Khimti irrigation area• First sales made from fish pond & Association of Fish

Farmer• More enterprises joining flower value chain• VAHW earning Rs 3,000 to 12,000 per month• 8,500 households benefited directly from EmPLED

15

Increased outreach through “demonstration effect”

• Replication of LED approach by other projects• Potato store and training • Solar irrigation pump • Fodder grass • Asparagus (4 villages)• Radio programmes (4)• Watershed – funding being sought• Irrigation – funding likely in Kamala, sought for

other districts• VDC planning (87 in Dhanusha), also in other

Districts

16

Lesson Learned• Project successfully introduced a new Integrated

approach under difficult circumstances• Responded flexibly and appropriately to

emerging opportunities• Objectives and outputs largely achieved• Significant outreach and impact likely• Stakeholders and beneficiaries very positive• Some changes in strategy would enhance

effectiveness, impact, sustainability• 3 years is too short for LED

17

NAMASTE

EmPLED