Experience API (xAPI) and the Future of SCORM Mr. Jason Haag ADL Technical Team, Mobile Lead, Research Analyst The Tolliver Group, Inc. ADL SETA Support

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“Provide access to the highest quality education and training, tailored to individual needs, delivered cost effectively, anywhere and anytime.”

- ADL Vision

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‣  ADL Initiative was established in 1999 by Presidential Executive Order 13111.

‣  The first two ADL Co-Labs opened in Alexandria, VA and Orlando, FL that same year.

Advanced Distributed Learning

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ADL Global Reach

Canada ADL Partnership Lab Kingston, ON, Canada

Norway ADL Partnership Lab

Oslo, Norway

United Kingdom ADL Partnership Lab

Buckinghamshire, United Kingdom

Korea ADL Partnership Lab

Seoul, Korea Romania ADL

Partnership Lab Bucharest, Romania

Latin America and Caribbean Regions ADL Partnership Lab Mexico City, Mexico

NATO ACT ADL Partnership Lab

Norfolk, VA

ADL Initiative

Orlando, FL

Academic ADL Co-Lab Madison, WI

ADL Initiative Alexandria, VA

ADL Center for Intelligent Tutoring Systems Research

and Development Memphis, TN

Poland ADL Partnership Lab Warsaw, Poland

Exploring the xAPI

‣  Background

‣  Introduction to xAPI & LRS

‣  Future of SCORM & Implications

‣  Use Cases & Examples

‣  Resources

Agenda

Background

Sharable Content Object Reference Model (SCORM)

‣  Created to support courseware interoperability and reusability within Learning Management Systems (LMS)s

‣  Enables self-paced instruction in a browser only

‣  Works for desktop/laptop browsers (and will work in the future), but we now have many more use cases to support

The SCORM Solution

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‣  Content Packages imported into LMSs

‣  Content duplicated in each system

‣  LMSs store the content, control access and manage learner data

Distributed Content

Pardigm Shift Time!!

Today’s Opportunity: Learning Everywhere

Credit: Liz Burow (@Burlix)

What is the ?

•  Result of LETSI SCORM 2.0 (2008)

•  Result of Project Tin Can (BAA Research 2011)

•  Tracks any learning experiences, informal learning, real-world experiences (not just completions)

•  Allows data storage AND retrieval (ex. 3rd party reporting and analytics tools)

•  Developed by open source community

Top 5 Requirements

1.  Should support a variety of content types

2.  Should be simple to implement

3.  Should support offline or disconnected scenarios

4.  Portable content (interoperable across platforms)

5.  Improved access to run-time data (both human and machine readable)

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‣  Initially based on Activity Streams 1.0 specification developed Google, Facebook, Microsoft and others (2.0 is new draft W3C spec)

‣  Format: <Actor> <Verb> <Object> (I did this) •  Jason (actor) completed (verb) the IA course (object)

‣  Allows reporting of activities & experiences, not just completions

•  Jason posted a photo •  Jason liked a photo •  Jason commented on a photo

Experience API (xAPI)

JSON (interchange format) { "actor": { "mbox": "mailto:jason.haag.ctr@adlnet.gov", "name": "Jason", "objectType": "Agent" }, "verb": { "id": "http://adlnet.gov/expapi/verbs/skipped", "display": { "en-US": "skipped" } }, "object": { "id": "http://adlnet.gov/expapi/activities/video", "definition": { "name": { "en-US": "Misconduct in Clinical Trials" }, "description": { "en-US": "video on misconduct in clinical trials" } }, "objectType": "Activity" }, "id": "683990f9-8f6c-4fa2-9260-127da1d6e7b8" }

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Experience API (xAPI)

•  Simple Statement: Jason (actor) skipped (verb) a video on misconduct in clinical trials (object)

•  More Complex Statement (Context Activities):

in the context of [GCP Compliance Training Course], with result [timestamp: 2015-0218T18:30:32.360Z ].

Learning Management System (LMS)

User Management

Course Management

Run-Time

Registration

Scheduling

Grade Book

Search

Delivery

Learning Records

Statistics

Repository

Sequencing

Preferences Assessment Reports

What is a LMS?

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Learning Management System (LMS)

What is a LRS?

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Learning Record Store (LRS) Learning Record Store (LRS)

Learning Records

Reporting Systems

Assessment Services

Semantic Analysis

Statistical Services

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Where Is The Data Stored?

LRS = Learning Record Store

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LRS Enables

‣  Graphs of learning data

‣  Learning analytics

‣  Instructor dashboards

‣  Gradebook applications

‣  Interfaces with HR (or other) systems

‣  Learning activity suggestions for review/improvement

‣  And much more…

Experience Tracking

(xAPI)

Learner Profile

Content Brokering

Competency Networks

Comparing xAPI and the SCORM

Run Time Environment (RTE)

Content Aggregation

Model (CAM)

Sequencing &

Navigation (S&N)

Training & Learning Architecture (TLA)

Any Learning Activity"On Any Platform

Web Browser-based Instruction/Training

Comparing xAPI and the SCORM RTE

‣  Course tracking: Bookmarking, completion, time, pass/fail, scores

‣  Multiple scores per object, unlimited test results and interactions

‣  No LMS required

Comparing xAPI and the SCORM RTE

‣  No web browser required

‣  Supports offline scenarios

‣  Control over your content

‣  Tracks web or native apps

‣  Tracks serious games, simulations, virtual worlds

‣  Tracks real-world, informal learning & performance

‣  Tracks team-based learning

Future of SCORM

‣  No. xAPI can modernize the SCORM RTE, but doesn’t replace the other aspects of SCORM

‣  Implication: It can easily work with SCORM. It does not replace SCORM. New SCORM content developed could use the xAPI for run-time tracking.

Does xAPI replace SCORM?

Future of SCORM

‣  No. SCORM is still useful for tracking and sharing your web-based desktop courses.

‣  If your learners need mobile access, SCORM will not work alone. SCORM will continue to work (durability) in your LMS.

‣  Implication: Is your current investment in SCORM producing good results? Are you able to accurately measure your ROI with current LMS reports?

Does this mean all of the time and money we invested in SCORM content will be worthless?

Future of SCORM

‣  Only if there is a requirement.

‣  xAPI isn’t a new version of SCORM.

‣  Need to support mobile delivery of your course? Don’t convert. Think mobile first.

‣  Implication: Is there a need? You could easily make your SCORM content support the xAPI. But determine your needs. Is it for more robust reporting/analytics or mobile? If so you will need to setup a a LRS and also redesign your content user interface (if mobile).

Will we need to convert our training content from SCORM to the xAPI?

Future of SCORM (Profile for xAPI)

Dual Tracking Strategy

http://adlnet.github.io/xAPI-SCORM-Profile

LRS Centric Strategy

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xAPI SCORM Profile

‣  Documents usage guidelines to generate consistent and predictable Statements

‣  Contains mapping of SCORM data model elements to xAPI

‣  Describes how to represent SCORM temporal model in xAPI Statements

‣  Contains example Statements for typical SCORM values

SCORM to xAPI Roadmap

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SCORM

SCORM + xAPI (LMS-

Centric)

SCORM + xAPI (LRS-

Centric)

xAPI & TLA

Defining a progression from SCORM to Experience API

Roadmap Status

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‣  Roadmap Released in December 2014

‣  xAPI SCORM Profile Draft Released in December 2014

‣  Final release before August 2015

‣  Iterative recursive refinement based on community feedback

Design Implications Think Outside the LMS + Course Interface

Use Case (MOOCs) Browser Bookmarklet (formal, informal, nonformal)

Use Case (Mobile Apps) SMS Learning / notifications, Social, E-Books

Use Case (Games) Gamification – BlackBerry Gamification (OnPoint)

Game Details, Progress & Options

Learner Status via 3 Different Leader Boards

Game List with Progress Information

Use Case (Games) Gamification – BlackBerry Gamification (OnPoint)

Earned Badges & Achievements

Integration to 3rd Party Incentive Platform

Tracked Points in Incentive Catalog

xAPI statements sent to partner

system

Use Cases (Badges + Competence)

‣  CoPs integrating xAPI with Open Badges

‣  They see xAPI as complimenting Badges’ “evidence” data (add standard meaning for objectives)

‣  Badges as indication of competency

‣  Mozilla Open Badges

xAPI CoP Directory http://xapi.adlnet.gov/xapi-cop-directory/

Paradigm Shift Integration with connected devices (IoT)

Use Case (Performance + Sensors)

‣  Procedural tasks (guided response)

‣  Evaluation by instructor, mentor may be required for accurate assessment

‣  Mobile capture using camera?

‣  Using sensors to report xAPI Statements

‣  Potential feedback loop

Psychomotor Domain?

RFID + Arduino + ElectricImp + xAPI, LRS

Android Wear (Gear Live) Live action emergency/medical field scenarios

REAPER (Army / Riptide Software) Data Mining Live Training Ranges

Radio Frequency Education RFED Mobile + xAPI + RFID Tags

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Student Teacher

Student

Mentor Teacher

Practicum Professor Literacy Experts

Lesson

Support

Learning Outcomes

Work products: Lesson Plan Video of lesson

Questions Coaching/ Feedback

Adaptive Expertise (TREK)

PDF Annotator (RISC/Float) RISC’s PDF Annotator

xAPI Resources

‣  All xAPI Resources: http://xapi.adlnet.gov

‣  xAPI CoP Directory http://xapi.adlnet.gov/xapi-cop-directory/

‣  SCORM Profile for xAPI http://adlnet.github.io/xAPI-SCORM-Profile

‣  SCORM xAPI Wrapper https://github.com/adlnet/SCORM-to-xAPI-Wrapper

‣  xAPI + Jquery Mobile: https://github.com/adlnet/xapi-jqm

‣  xAPI Design Cohort: http://www.adlnet.gov/xapi-design-cohort

‣  ADL Community Survey on SCORM & xAPI: http://adlnet.gov/adl-community-survey

Thank You!

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Jason Haag Mobile Learning Lead ADL Technical Team The Tolliver Goup, Inc jason.haag.ctr@adlnet.gov Twitter: @mobilejson