Expeditionary Systems Evaluation Division · 2017-05-19 · M201A1 Pyrotechnic Delay Hand Grenade...
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1 02/23/10 Expeditionary Systems Evaluation Division NSWC Crane Division Detachment Fallbrook High Speed Digital Infrared Imaging of the M201A1 Grenade Fuze Initiation Train Presented to the NDIA Fuze Conference May 2010
Transcript of Expeditionary Systems Evaluation Division · 2017-05-19 · M201A1 Pyrotechnic Delay Hand Grenade...
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High Speed Digital Infrared Imagingof the
M201A1 Grenade Fuze Initiation TrainPresented to the
NDIA Fuze ConferenceMay 2010
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Co-Authors
• Dr. Ryan Olsen, T&E Board Chairman, NSWC Crane, Detachment Fallbrook, ESED
• Ms. Christine Grasinski, Mechanical Engineer, NSWC Crane, Detachment Fallbrook, ESED
• Mr. Jon Conner, Senior Scientist, National Technical Systems, Dana Point, CA
• Ms. Kathryn Hunt, Chemical Engineer, USMC MARCORSYSCOM, PM Ammo
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Presentation Outline• Background
– M201A1 Pyrotechnic Delay Hand Grenade Fuze Description
• Approach– Digital IR Camera Description– Test Setup
• Test Results– Data Reduction Methodology
• Summary and Conclusions
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M201A1 Fuze Description
• The M201A1 Fuze is used on a number of hand grenades including:
– M18 Colored Smoke– AN-M14 Incendiary Thermite (TH-3) – AN-M8 HC (Hexachloroethane) Smoke– M73A CS Riot Control– M83 TA Practice (Teraphthalic Acid) Smoke
• Failures of these grenades to function are often attributed to M201A1 Fuze misfire
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M201A1 Fuze Description• Contains three stage initiation train:
– Primer– Delay Column– Ignition Charge
• Functional Sequence− Remove of Safety Pin− Release of Safety Lever− Spring loaded striker impacts
Percussion Primer− Delay Column initiated (2 sec delay)− Ignition Charge fires
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Approach• Typical thermal output assessment tools
– Disassembly and dissection of energetics– Bomb Calorimetry– DSC (Differential Scanning Calorimetry)– TGA (Thermal Gravimetric Analysis)
• Approach– Measure thermal output of fuze initiation train without
disassembly– Perform high speed IR imaging of surface of fuze body– Quantify surface temperature profile during function
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Digital IR Camera Description• FLIR Systems Thermovision SC4000 InSb Camera System
– Wavelength: 3.0-5.0 µm– Resolution: 320 x 256 Pixels– Full Frame Rate: 420 Hz– Sensor Cooling: Stirling Closed Cycle– Lens: 100 mm InSb lens, f/2.3– Sensitivity: 0.018 ºC– Thermovision ExaminIR MAX Software
• Sub-Windowing allowed higher effective frame rate– Max frame rate used in test: 160 x 128 pixel frame @ 1324 fps
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Test Setup• Test Fixture Design
– Rigid mount allowed viewing of the fuze body during function– Pneumatic actuator to remove safety pin
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Test Setup• Test Layout
– High speed digital IR Camera System Positioned to allow fuze body to fill the field of view
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Test Results• Pyrotechnic Reaction Sequence – “Good Fuze”
QE 138, Frame 1 QE 138, Frame 250 QE 138, Frame 500
QE 138, Frame 750 QE 138, Frame 1000 QE 138, Frame 1250
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Test Results• Pyrotechnic Reaction Sequence – Misfire
QE 137, Frame 1 QE 137, Frame 250 QE 137, Frame 500
QE 137, Frame 750 QE 137, Frame 1000 QE 137, Frame 1250
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Comparative High Speed Video Images
QE 365, Manufactured in 2000 QE 429, Manufactured in 1968
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Data Reduction MethodologyFuze Lot MEI85E001-005, QE #396
(approximately 24 years old at time of test) Fuze Lot MEI85E001-005, QE #396
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0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
output <------> primer
Tem
pera
ture
(C)
Frame 516, Just Prior to Output Charge
Fuze Lot NYI-1633-12, QE #3 (approximately 47 years old at time of test)
Fuze Lot NYI-1633-12, QE #3
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output <------> primer
Tem
pera
ture
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Frame 467, Just Prior to Output Charge
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Example Temperature Profiles
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0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5
Distance (inches)
Tem
pera
ture
(Deg
rees
F)
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Summary and Conclusions• High Speed Digital IR Camera Systems are
effective in quantifying thermal output of pyrotechnic initiation trains
• Technique may be utilized on other pyrotechnic type items
