Expected Modern Indian History Questions (MCQs) For SSC ...

Expected Modern Indian History Questions (MCQs)

For SSC, Railway and UPSC Exams

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Expected Modern Indian History Questions (MCQs) - Part-2

1) The first attempt to introduce a representative

and popular element in the governance of India was

made through…………?

a) Government of India Act, 1919

b) Indian Councils Act, 1861

c) Indian Councils Act, 1892

d) Indian Councils Act, 1909

2) Which of the following systems of land-settlement

adopted by English provided more protection to the

interests of the farmers?

a) Ryotwari settlement of Madras

b) Malgujari settlement of United States

c) Permanent settlement of Bengal

d) Zamindari settlement of Madras

3) Which of the following pairs contributed

significantly to integrate the princely states into

Indian Union?

a) Sardar Patel and K.M Munsi

b) Sardar Patel and Jawaharlal Nehru

c) Sardar Patel and V.P Menon

d) Sardar Patel and Mahatma Gandhi

4) The British Government started ruling India

directly after………….?

a) The Battle of Plassey

b) The War of Mysore

c) The Sepoy Mutiny

d) The Battle of Panipat

5) Who was the chairman of the Union Powers

Committee of the Constituent assembly of India?

a) Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru

b) Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel

c) Sir Alladi Krishnaswami Ayyar

d) Dr. B.R Ambedkar

6) Which one of the following Governor General

introduced Postage Stamp in India?

a) Lord Canning

b) Lord William Bentick

c) Lord Dalhousie

d) Lord Auckland

7) The First Telegraph line between Calcutta and

Agra was opened in which year?

a) 1853

b) 1855

c) 1852

d) 1861

8) What was the original name of Swami

Dayananda Saraswati, founder of Arya Samaj?

a) Daya Shankar





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b) Gowri Shankar

c) Mula Sankara

d) Abhi Shankar

9) Who among the following was the first Indian to

be elected to the British Parliament?

a) Bipin Chandra Pal

b) Lala Lajpat Rai

c) Dadabhai Naoroji

d) Gopal Krishna Gokhale

10) Which of the following European colonisers did

not have a settlement on the Eastern Coast of

India?

a) Danish

b) French

c) Portuguese

d) Dutch

11) Which among the following regulations made

English as a medium of education compulsory in

government aided schools and colleges?

a) Regulating act, 1773

b) Pitts India act, 1784

c) Educational Despatch, 1854

d) Macaulay Minute, 1835

12) Who among the following controlled maximum

trade in the western coastal region during 17th

century?

a) Mulla Abdul Gaffar

b) Portuguese

c) Dutch

d) French

13) Given below are the names of prominent leaders

and their respective operational areas during the

revolt period. Select the incorrect pair.

a) Khan Bahadur Khan- Ruhelkhand

b) Rani laxmibai- Indore

c) Kunwar Singh- Sahabad

d) Nana Saheb- Kanpur

14) The ‘Doctrine of Lapse’ was first applied to the

Princely state of…………...?

a) Jaunpur

b) Satara

c) Jhansi

d) Oudh

15) The Indian Universities were first founded in

the time of which Governor-General?

a) Warren Hastings

b) Lord Canning

c) Lord William Bentick

d) Lord Wellesley

16) Who among the following was not involved in

the Chittagong Armoury Raid, 1934?

a) Pritialata Woddedar

b) Kalpana Dutt

c) Surya Sen





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d) Dinesh Gupta

17) Which of the following events made the English

East India company the legitimate masters of

Bengal Suba?

a) Farrukh Siyar’s Farman, 1717

b) Battle of Buxar, 1764

c) Battle of Plassey, 1757

d) Ibrahim Khan’s Farman, 1690

18) Who was the first Indian to be made a fellow of

the Royal Society of London?

a) A.C Wadia

b) Srinivas Ramanujam

c) C.V Raman

d) P.C Mahalanobis

19) Which of the following battles proved decisive in

the Anglo-French rivalry in India?

a) Battle of Chillianwala

b) Battle of Wandiwash

c) Battle of Seringapatam

d) Battle of Assaye

20) Who among the following started the first

English newspaper in India?

a) J.A Hickey

b) Bal Gangadhar Tilak

c) Raja Rammohan Roy

d) Lord William Bentick

21) Punjab was annexed to the British empire

during the reign of Governor-General…………?

a) Lord Cornwallis

b) Lord Bentick

c) Lord Canning

d) Lord Dalhousie

22) Who among the following was the advocate of

the famous INA Trials?

a) Subhash Chandra Bose

b) Bhulabhai Desai

c) C. Rajagopalachari

d) Asaf Ali

23) Anandamath, a Bengali novel was written by

Bankim Chandra Chatopadhyay in which year?

a) 1882

b) 1889

c) 1880

d) 1875

24) The Governor-General of India who initiated

the introduction of English in India was………….?

a) Lord Bentick

b) Lord Curzon

c) Lord Hastings

d) Lord Macaulay

25) ………………. was an English statesman and

governor-general of India during the Indian

Rebellion of 1857?





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a) Lord Hardinge

b) Lord Dalhousie

c) Lord Elgin

d) Lord Canning

26) Who among the following was the Chairman of

the Partition Council?

a) V.P Menon

b) Lord Mountbatten

c) Jawaharlal Nehru

d) M.A Jinnah

27) Who among the following Governor-General is

generally acknowledged as the pioneer of local self-

government in modern India?

a) Lord Mayo

b) Lord Curzon

c) Lord Ripon

d) Lord Lytton

28) The Round Table Conference at London met for

the discussion of……………?

a) Gandhi’s demands for calling off Civil disobedience

movement

b) Provision of Provincial autonomy

c) A future administration of India

d) Congress claim to be the sole representative of

Indians

29) Which day was declared as the ‘Direct Action

Day’ by the Muslim league?

a) 16th August, 1946

b) 16th May, 1946

c) 4th December, 1946

d) 3rd September, 1946

30) The Province of Bengal was partitioned into two

parts in 1905 by…………...?

a) Lord Curzon

b) Lord Lytton

c) Lord Ripon

d) Lord Dufferin

31) Long years ago, we made a tryst with destiny,

and now the time comes when we shall redeem our

pledge’. This was stated on the night of August, 14,

1947 by…………...?

a) Dr. Rajendra Prasad

b) Dr. B.R Ambedkar

c) C. Rajagopalachari

d) Jawaharlal Nehru

32) The Indian National Congress had passed the

famous resolution on ‘Non-cooperation’ in 1920 at

its session held at………….?

a) Bombay

b) Delhi

c) Lucknow

d) Calcutta

33) Which of the following can be considered as the

most useful and outstanding reforms made by Lord





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Curzon, especially in respect of people living in the

undivided province of Punjab?

a) Police reforms

b) Agricultural reforms

c) Industrial reforms

d) Educational reforms

34) The transfer of Government from the

‘Company’ to ‘Crown’ was pronounced by Lord

Canning on November 1, 1858 at…………?

a) Patna

b) Calcutta

c) Allahabad

d) Delhi

35) The Indian National Congress and the Muslim

league came closer to each other in 1916

at………….?

a) Lucknow

b) Lahore

c) Haripura

d) Amritsar

36) Who among the following propounded the

theory of ‘Economic Drain of India’ during British

Imperialism?

a) Gopalkrishna Gokhale

b) W.C Bannerji

c) Dadabhai Naoroji

d) Mahatma Gandhi

37) Who attended the Congress of Oppressed

Nationalists at Brussels in 1927, on behalf of the

National Congress?

a) Dr. Ansari

b) Jawaharlal Nehru

c) Mahatma Gandhi

d) B.R Ambedkar

38) Which one of the following Governor-General

had entertained Ranjit Singh with great honour at

Ropar?

a) William Bentick

b) Minto I

c) Warren Hastings

d) Lord Auckland

39) Who was the President of Indian National

Congress when the Mountbatten Plan of

independence was accepted?

a) Maulana Azad

b) Jawaharlal Nehru

c) Acharya J.B Kriplani

d) Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel

40) The split between the ‘Extremists’ and

‘Moderates’ came up in the open at the Surat

Congress session in the year………...?

a) 1906

b) 1907

c) 1910





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d) 1905

41) During whose Viceroy ship did the High Court’s

came into existence at the three Presidential cities of

Calcutta, Madras and Bombay?

a) Lord Lawrence

b) Warren Hastings

c) Lord Dalhousie

d) Lord Cornwallis

42) Who was the only Indian to be elected as

President of the United Nations General Assembly?

a) Rajeshwar Dayal

b) Vijayalakshmi Pandit

c) V.K Krishna Menon

d) Jawaharlal Nehru

43) Who among the following was the first English

President of the Indian National Congress?

a) William Wedderburn

b) A.O Hume

c) George Yule

d) Henry Cotton

44) As per the provisions of the Charter Act of

1833, a Law Commission (for consolidating,

codifying and improving Indian laws) was

constituted under the Chairmanship of………….?

a) Lord Macaulay

b) Lord Bentick

c) Raja Rammohan Roy

d) Lord Dalhousie

45) At which place in Bengal was the East India

Company given permission to trade and build a

factory by the Mughals in 1651?

a) Singur

b) Calcutta

c) Qasim Bazar

d) Burdwan

46) Who among the following British persons

admitted the Revolt of 1857 as a national revolt?

a) Lord Canning

b) Benjamin Disraeli

c) Lord Dalhousie

d) Lord Ellenborough

47) Who among the following was the first

propounder of the Doctrine of Passive Resistance?

a) Aurobindo Ghosh

b) Lajpat Rai

c) G.K Gokhale

d) B.G Tilak

48) Who among the following founded the ‘All

India Depressed Classes Federation’ in 1920?

a) B.R Ambedkar

b) M.K Gandhi

c) Jyotiba Phule

d) G.K Gokhale





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49) Who among the following analysed the causes of

the uprising of 1857 advocating a reconciliation

between the British and the Muslims?

a) Syed Ahmed Khan

b) Syed Ahmed Brelvi

c) Syed Amir Ali

d) Shah Waliaullah

50) Which of the following authorised the British

Government to imprison any person without trial

and conviction in a court of law?

a) Government of India Act of 1935

b) Indian Councils Act of 1909

c) Rowlatt Act of 1919

d) Government of India Act of 1919

51) Who among the following were benefitted most

by the British Revenue system in India?

a) Zamindars

b) Sharecroppers

c) Peasants

d) Agriculture-labour

52) The Indian National Congress was formed

during the Governor-Generalship of………...?

a) Lord Curzon

b) Lord Ripon

c) Lord William Bentick

d) Lord Dufferin

53) Mangal Pandey fired the first shot of the Revolt

of 1857 at………….?

a) Kanpur

b) Barrackpore

c) Meerut

d) Jhansi

54) Which place among the following was the

headquarters of the Portuguese in India?

a) Cochin

b) Calicut

c) Goa

d) Cannanore

55) Which of the following Governor-General was

impeached by the House of Commons in England?

a) Lord Wellesley

b) Warren Hastings

c) William Bentick

d) Lord Cornwallis

56) The National Anthem was first sung in the year

1911 at the Annual Session of the Indian National

Congress held at………...?

a) Kolkata

b) Pune

c) Mumbai

d) Lucknow

57) Who founded the Indian national party in

Berlin during 1914?





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a) W.C Banerjee

b) Champakaraman Pillai

c) Subhash Chandra Bose

d) Surendranath Banerjee

58) Who among the following was the Viceroy when

Delhi became the capital of British India?

a) Lord Hardinge

b) Lord Curzon

c) Lord Minto

d) Lord Canning

59) Who among the following was the Viceroy at the

time of ‘Quit India movement’?

a) Lord Irwin

b) Lord Mountbatten

c) Lord Wavell

d) Lord Lin Lithgow

60) The East India Company’s monopoly of trade

with China came to an end by which charter act?

a) Charter act of 1793

b) Charter act of 1853

c) Charter act of 1813

d) Charter act of 1833

61) For the annexation of which Indian kingdom

‘Doctrine of Lapse’ was not followed?

a) Mysore

b) Satara

c) Nagpur

d) Jhansi

62) During British rule, who was instrumental for

the introduction of the Ryotwari system in the then

Madras Presidency?

a) Thomas Munro

b) Macartney

c) Elphinstone

d) John Lawrence

63) The first meeting of the Indian National

Congress held in 1885 was presided by whom?

a) D.E Wacha

b) Shri P.M Mehta

c) Shri Womesh Chandra Bannerjee

d) S.N Banerjee

64) British Crown assumed sovereignty over India

from the East India Company in the year……….?

a) 1859

b) 1860

c) 1858

d) 1857

65) Who among the following was responsible for

the revival of Hinduism in 19th century?

a) Guru Shankar Acharya

b) Swami Dayanand

c) Raja Ram Mohan Roy

d) Swami Vivekanand





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66) Who among the following established the

‘Sharda Sadan’ a school for Indian widows in

colonial India?

a) Sarojini Naidu

b) Mahadev Govind Ranade

c) Pandita Ramabai

d) Dayanand Saraswati

67) The British Government intervened in the

affairs of the Company and passed an act in 1773

A.D known as the…………...?

a) Company act

b) Regulating act

c) Charter act

d) Pitt’s India act

68) Which rebellion in Bengal was highlighted by

Bankim Chandra Chatterjee in his novel ‘Anand

Math’?

a) Kol Uprising

b) Chaur Uprising

c) Santhal Uprising

d) Sanyasi rebellion

69) Who among the following was the Governor-

General during the ‘Second Anglo-Mysore War’?

a) Warren Hastings

b) Lord Wellesley

c) Sir John Shore

d) Lord Cornwallis

70) Who among the following was referred as the

‘Ambassador of Hindu-Muslim Unity’ by Sarojini

Naidu?

a) Maulana Azad

b) Muhammad Ali Jinnah

c) Shaukat Ali

d) Abdul Ghaffar Khan

71) The Indian Independence Bill was first

presented in the House of Commons in London

on…………?

a) August 1, 1947

b) July 14, 1947

c) July 4, 1947

d) August 10, 1947

72) Who established the Sadr-Diwani-Adalat during

the British East India Company’s rule?

a) Dalhousie

b) Cornwallis

c) Wellesley

d) Warren Hastings

73) Who was the founder of Kolkata’s first ‘Atmiya

Sabha’ (philosophical discussion circle) held in

1815?

a) Rabindranath Tagore

b) Rammohan Roy

c) Jawahar lal Nehru

d) Lala Lajpat Rai





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74) The Working Committee of National Congress

sanctioned the resolution named ‘Quit India’

at…………?

a) Nagpur

b) Delhi

c) Mumbai

d) Wardha

75) The system of Budget was introduced in India

during the Viceroyalty of………...?

a) Dalhousie

b) Canning

c) Ripon

d) Elgin

76) Mutiny of 1857 was described as the First

Indian war of Independence by………….?

a) Bhagat Singh

b) Bal Gangadhar Tilak

c) Subhash Chandra Bose

d) V.D Savarkar

77) Who was the first Indian to be elected as the

leader of the Communist International?

a) M.N Roy

b) Jawaharlal Nehru

c) P.C Joshi

d) Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel

78) British achieved political power in Indian after

which of the following Battle?

a) Battle of Panipat

b) Battle of Plassey

c) Battle of Wandiwash

d) Battle of Buxar

79) The English established their first factory in

India at which of the following location?

a) Surat

b) Madras

c) Bombay

d) Sutanati

80) Who was the first Indian to be elected as a

Member of the British House of Commons?

a) Sarojini Naidu

b) Dada Bhai Naoroji

c) Jayaprakash Narayan

d) Ram Manohar Lohia

81) The first country which discovered sea route to

India was…………...?

a) French

b) Britain

c) Dutch

d) Portugal

82) Who among the following betrayed Siraj-ud-

Daula in the Battle of Plassey in 1757?

a) Nawab of Oudh

b) Hyder Ali

c) Mir Jaffar





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d) Mir Qasim

83) Who was the founder of Satya Shodak Sabha in

Maharashtra?

a) Gopal Baba Wala

b) Dr. Baba Saheb Ambedkar

c) Dr. Atmaram Pandurang

d) Jyotiba Phule

84) Who among the following took over the

leadership of Salt Satyagraha when Mahatma

Gandhi was arrested?

a) Sardar Vallabh Bhai Patel

b) Vinoba Bhave

c) Maulana Abdul Kalam Azad

d) Abbas Tyabji

85) Who was the founder-editor of the famous

newspaper ‘Kesari’ during the National Struggle?

a) Jawaharlal Nehru

b) Mahatma Gandhi

c) Muhammad Iqbal

d) Lokmanya Tilak

86) Where are the traces of the Portuguese culture

found in India?

a) Cochin

b) Calicut

c) Cannanore

d) Goa

87) The pledge for ‘Poorna Swaraj’ was taken at

the Congress session of………...?

a) Allahabad

b) Calcutta

c) Madras

d) Lahore

88) Who among the following was the Nawab when

Dalhousie annexed Awadh in 1856?

a) Wajid Ali Shah

b) Nasiruddin Mahmud Shah

c) Alivardi Khan

d) Shujaud Daula

89) Who among the following viceroys became a

victim of one of the convicts during his visit to the

Andamans?

a) Lord Lytton

b) Lord Curzon

c) Lord Mayo

d) Lord Ripon

90) Who among the following is considered as the

‘Father of Extremist Movement’ in India?

a) Bal Gangadhar Tilak

b) Gopal Krishna Gokhale

c) Motilal Nehru

d) Vallabhbhai Patel





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91) The song ‘Jana-Gana-Mana’ composed by

Rabindra Nath Tagore was first published in

January 1912 under the title of…………...?

a) Matribhoomi

b) Jay He

c) Rashtra Jagriti

d) Bharat Vidhata

92) Who among the following was the pioneer of the

western system of education of India?

a) Surendranath Banerjee

b) Lala Lajpat Rai

c) Dayanand Saraswati

d) Raja Ram Mohan Roy

93) After the Bardoli Satyagraha, the title of

‘Sardar’ to Vallabhbhai Patel was given

by………...?

a) Maulana Abul Kalam Azad

b) Motilal Nehru

c) Mahatma Gandhi

d) Jawaharlal Nehru

94) What is the name of the Fort built by the

English in Calcutta?

a) Fort Victoria

b) Fort St. David

c) Fort St. Andrew

d) Fort William

95) What was Lala Lajpat Rai demonstrating

against when he succumbed to police brutality?

a) Simon Commission

b) Rowlatt act

c) Minto-Morley reforms

d) Pitts India act

96) The last Governor-General of the East India

Company and the first Viceroy under the crown

was…………...?

a) Lord Dalhousie

b) Lord Canning

c) Lord Elgin

d) Lord Warren Hastings

97) What did the Hunter Commission appointed by

the Viceroy probe?

a) Chauri Chaura incident

b) Khilafat Agitation

c) Bardoli Satyagraha

d) Jallianwala Bagh Tragedy

98) ‘Permanent Settlement’ the system of revenue

collection was introduced in India by………….?

a) Lord Hastings

b) Lord Cornwallis

c) Lord Curzon

d) Lord Dalhousie





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99) All India Women’s Conference, organization

dedicated to upliftment and betterment of women

and children was founded in which year?

a) 1927

b) 1925

c) 1921

d) 1928

100) Mahatma Gandhi’s remark, ‘A post-dated

cheque on a crumbling bank’ is regarding the

proposals of…………?

a) Cripps mission

b) Simon Commission

c) Cabinet mission

d) Wavell Plan

ANSWERS

1) Answer: d)

The first attempt to introduce a representative and

popular element in the governance of India was made

through Indian Council Act 1909. This Act is generally

regarded as the Morley- Minto reforms. As per this

rule, the government limited the increase of Indian

representatives in the governance of British India.

2) Answer: a)

Ryotwari Settlement of Madras was the land settlement

system adopted by the English to provide more

protection to the interests of farmers. Under the

Ryotwari System, settlement of land revenue was made

directly between the government and the ryots the

cultivator.

3) Answer: c)

Through a combination of tactics, Sardar Vallabhbhai

Patel and V. P. Menon in the months immediately

preceding and following the independence convinced

the rulers of almost all of the hundreds of princely

states to accede to India.

4) Answer: c)

After Sepoy Mutiny rule established in 1857, British

govt. started ruling over India. Governor general

became the Viceroy and Lord Canning became the last

Governor General and first Viceroy.

5) Answer: a)

The Constituent Assembly constituted on November

1946 under Cabinet Mission Plan. The total strength of

the Constituent Assembly was 389. It comprised of

several Committees to deal with different tasks. One

such Union Powers Constitution Committee was

headed by Jawahar Lal Nehru.

6) Answer: c)





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Lord Dalhousie introduced postage stamps in India. He

served as governor general of India from 1848 to 1856.

7) Answer: a)

In 1850, the first experimental electric telegraph line

was started between Kolkata and Diamond Harbour. In

1851, it was opened for the use of the British East India

Company. Subsequently, the construction of 6,400 km

of telegraph lines connecting Kolkata and Peshawar in

the north along with Agra, Mumbai through Sindwa

Ghats and Chennai in the South as well as Ootacamund

and Bangalore was started in November 1853.

8) Answer: c)

The original name of Dayanand Saraswati was Mula

Sankara because he was born in Dhanu Rashi and Mul

Nakshatra. His father was Karshanji Lalji Kapadi, and

his mother was Yashodabai.

9) Answer: c)

Dadabhai Naoroji also known as the "Grand Old Man

of India’’ was an Indian Parsi scholar, trader and

politician who was a Liberal Party member of

Parliament (MP) in the United Kingdom House of

Commons between 1892 and 1895, and the first Indian

to be elected to the British Parliament.

10) Answer: a)

Colonial India was the part of the Indian subcontinent

that was under the jurisdiction of European colonial

powers during the Age of Discovery. European power

was exerted both by conquest and trade, especially in

spices. Danish did not have a settlement on the Eastern

Coast of India.

11) Answer: d)

Macaulay minute reform which was introduced in 1835

made English as a medium of education which was

compulsory in upper primary level education.

12) Answer: b)

Portuguese controlled maximum trade in western

coastal region during 17th century. They traded gold,

and also spices, ivory, and slaves for metals, cloth, and

manufactured goods.

13) Answer: b)

Rani Lakshmi bai or also known as Jhansi Ki rani led

the revolt of 1857 at Jhansi. She fought bravely and

died while fighting the British during the 1857 revolt

and became a supreme symbol of Indian nationalism.

14) Answer: b)

The Doctrine of lapse theory was introduced by Lord

Dalhousie. The company took over the princely states

of Satara (1848), Jaitpur and Sambalpur (1849),

Nagpur and Jhansi (1854), Tore and Arcot (1855) and

Udaipur (Chhattisgarh) under the terms of the doctrine

of lapse. Thus, Satara was the first princely state where

Doctrine of lapse applied.

15) Answer: b)





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The University of Calcutta is a public state university

located in Kolkata, West Bengal, India established on

24 January 1857. The school was founded in 1857

while Lord Canning was the Governor General of

India.

16) Answer: d)

Chittagong armoury raid also known as the Chittagong

uprising, was an attempt on 18 April 1930 to raid the

armoury of police and auxiliary forces from the

Chittagong armoury in the Bengal Presidency of

British India by armed Indian independence fighters

led by Surya Sen. Dinesh Gupta was not involved in

the Chittagong Armoury Raid.

17) Answer: b)

English East India Company became the legitimate

masters of Bengal Suba after battle of Buxar which

was held on 22 Oct, 1764 between East lndia company

led by Hector Munro and Mir Qasim (Nawab of

Bengal), Mughal emperor Shah Alam, Nawab of

Avadh Shira-jud-daula.

18) Answer: a)

Parsi-born Ardaseer Cursetjee Wadia, an Indian

shipbuilder and engineer belonging to the Wadia ship

building family, was the first Indian to be elected a

Royal Society Fellow, way back in 1841.

19) Answer: b)

The Battle of Wandiwash was a decisive battle in India

during the Seven Years' War. The Count de Lally's

army, burdened by a lack of naval support and funds,

attempted to regain the fort at Vandavasi, now in Tamil

Nadu. He was attacked by Sir Eyre Coote's forces and

decisively defeated. This battle proved to be decisive in

the Anglo-French rivalry in India.

20) Answer: a)

The first newspaper in India was published on 29

January, 1780 by James Augustus Hicky under the

British Raj and its name was 'The Bengal Gazette'. It

was also called as 'Calcutta General Advertiser' and

people simply remember it as 'Hicky's Gazette'.

21) Answer: d)

The Governor of the Punjab was head of the British

administration in the province of the Punjab. In 1849

the East India Company defeated the Sikh Empire and

annexed the Punjab region. The Governor-General of

India, Lord Dalhousie implemented a three-member

Board of Administration to govern the province. Thus,

Punjab was annexed to the British empire during the

reign of Governor-General Lord Dalhousie.

22) Answer: b)

Bhulabhai Desai was an Indian independence activist

and acclaimed lawyer. When three captured Indian

National Army (INA) officers, Shahnawaz Khan, Prem

Kumar Sahgal and Gurbaksh Singh Dhillon were put





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on trial for treason, the Congress formed a Defence

committee composed of 17 advocates including

Bhulabhai Desai.

23) Answer: a)

Anandamath is a Bengali fiction, written by Bankim

Chandra Chattopadhyay and published in 1882. Set in

the background of the Sannyasi Rebellion in the late

18th century, it is considered one of the most important

novels in the history of Bengali and Indian literature.

24) Answer: a)

Thomas Babington Macaulay was the one who started

English education in India. In his report, Macaulay

emphasized the promotion of European literature and

science through English medium to the people of India.

This recommendation was wholeheartedly accepted by

William Bentinck. The Government Resolution in

1835 made English the official and literary language of

India.

25) Answer: d)

The governor general at the time of 1857 revolt was

Lord Canning. He was made general just after the very

famous Lord Dalhousie (1848–1856). Canning became

general in 1856 and after having the famous revolt of

1857, till 1862 he was on the post.

26) Answer: b)

Partition Committee was formed which was chaired by

Lord Mountbatten and its members were Vallabh Bhai

Patel, Dr. Rajendra Prasad, Liaqat Ali Khan and Abdur

Rab Nishtar. Later this committee was replaced by a

Partition Council.

27) Answer: c)

Lord Ripon is known to have granted the Indians first

taste of freedom by introducing the Local Self

Government in 1882. He is known as Father of Local

Self Government in India. This was not enacted by any

act, it was a resolution that was passed in 1882.

28) Answer: c)

The three-round table conference of 1930-1932 were a

series of conferences organized by British government

to discuss constitution reforms in India on the basis of

report given by Simon Commission. The Round table

conference at London met for the discussion of a future

Administration of India.

29) Answer: a)

Direct Action Day (16 August 1946), also known as

the 1946 Calcutta Killings, was a day of widespread

communal rioting between Muslims and Hindus in the

city of Calcutta in the Bengal province of British India.

The day also marked the start of what is known as The

Week of the Long Knives.

30) Answer: a)

October 16, 1905 is an important date for Bengal. The

then Viceroy of India, Lord Curzon decided to divide

the region in a way that the western part was home to





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the Hindu majority area and the eastern part for the

Muslim majority. The real motives behind the partition

plan were the British desire to weaken Bengal, the

nerve centre of Indian nationalism and divide the

Muslims and Hindus on the basis of religion.

31) Answer: d)

"Tryst with Destiny" was a speech delivered by

Jawaharlal Nehru, the first Prime Minister of

independent India, to the Indian Constituent Assembly

in The Parliament, on the eve of India's Independence,

towards midnight on 14 August 1947. It spoke on the

aspects that transcend India's history. It is considered to

be one of the greatest speeches of the 20th century.

32) Answer: d)

The Calcutta Special Session of Congress in September

1920 passed the Non-cooperation resolution, the

resolution was officially valid in the Nagpur annual

session in Dec 1920. It was the movement under the

leadership of Mahatma Gandhi.

33) Answer: b)

Lord Curzon introduced some reforms in agriculture.

He passed the Punjab Land alienation Act of 1902.

Under this act, Curzon declared the land of agriculture

will not be transferred to non-agriculturist. In this way,

he protected the farmers from moneylenders.

34) Answer: c)

On November 1, 1858, a grand Darbar was held at

Allahabad. Here Lord Canning sent forth the royal

proclamation which announced that the queen had

assumed the government of India. This proclamation

declared the future policy of the British Rule in India.

35) Answer: a)

The Lucknow Pact was an agreement that reached

between the Indian National Congress and the Muslim

League at the following joint session of both the parties

held in Lucknow in October 1916 during

A.C.Mazumdar as the President.

36) Answer: c)

The theory of economic drain of India during British

imperialism was propounded by Dadabhai Naoroji. He

mentioned the concept of drain of wealth from India

during British rule in his book Poverty and Un-British

Rule in India.

37) Answer: b)

In February 1927, Jawaharlal Nehru on behalf of the

National Congress attended the Congress of Oppressed

Nationalities at Brussels organised by political exiles

and revolutionaries from the countries of Asia, Africa

and Latin America suffering from economic or

political imperialism. The Congress was called to

coordinate and plan their common struggle against

imperialism. Many left-wing intellectuals and political

leaders of Europe also joined the Congress.





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38) Answer: a)

Lord William Bentick's meeting with Maharaja Ranjit

Singh at Ropar, on the bank of the Sutlej, in the spring

of 1831 October 15 was an occasion of a impressive

ceremony and display. Both sides met on the either

side of Sutlej with their full forces. Thus, William

Bentick entertained Ranjit Singh with great honour at

Ropar.

39) Answer: c)

In the Session of 1947 held at Meerut Acharya J.B

Kripalani was the President of Indian National

Congress when Mountbatten plan of independence was

accepted.

40) Answer: b)

The Surat Split was the splitting of the Indian National

Congress into two groups - the Extremists and the

Moderates - at the Surat session in 1907. The

moderates wanted "Ras Bihari Ghosh “as president of

the Indian National Congress and radicals wanted

"Lala Lajpat Rai" as president.

41) Answer: a)

It was during the period of Lord Lawrence (1864 –

1869) that the three High Courts were established at

Calcutta, Bombay and Madras in 1865.

42) Answer: b)

Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit was an Indian diplomat and

politician who was elected as the first female president

of the United Nations General Assembly. Pandit was

sent to London as India's most important diplomat after

serving as Nehru's envoy to the Soviet Union, the

United States and the United Nations.

43) Answer: c)

George Yule (1829-1892) was a Scottish merchant in

England and India who served as the fourth President

of the Indian National Congress in 1888 at Allahabad,

the first non-Indian to hold that office.

44) Answer: a)

Charter Act 1833 was passed by the British Parliament

to renew the charter of East India Company which was

last renewed in 1813. Via this act, the charter was

renewed for 20 years but the East India Company was

deprived of its commercial privileges which it enjoyed

so far. India’s first law commission was set up under

Charter act of 1833 and Lord Macaulay was made its

Chairman.

45) Answer: c)

At Qasim Bazar in Bengal the East India Company was

given permission to trade and build a factory by the

Mughals in the year 1651.

46) Answer: b)

British member of Parliament (House of commons)

Benziman Disraeli admitted the revolt of 1857 as a

National Revolt. V.D. Savarkar describe this revolt as

the Indian's first struggle for Independence.





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47) Answer: a)

Doctrine of Passive Resistance is authored by

Aurobindo Ghosh. It is based on a series of articles by

Aurobindo Ghosh which were published in April 1907

in the journal Bande Matram. The articles were written

when the Bengal was burning with indignation after its

partition on October 16, 1905, by Viceroy Curzon.

48) Answer: a)

The All India Depressed Classes Association was

organised by B.R Ambedkar in 1930. The main aim

was to uplift the economy and status of depressed

classes and provide them reservation. They wanted to

provide them their rights.

49) Answer: a)

Sir Syed Ahmed Khan, was an Islamic pragmatist,

Islamic reformer and philosopher of nineteenth century

British India. He analysed the causes of the uprising of

1857 advocating a reconciliation between the British

and the Muslims.

50) Answer: c)

The Anarchical and Revolutionary Crimes Act of 1919,

popularly known as the Rowlatt Act or Black Act, was

a legislative council act passed by the Imperial

Legislative Council in Delhi on 21 March 1919. The

British government passed the infamous Rowlatt Act

which gave enormous powers to the police to arrest

any person without any reason whatsoever. The

purpose of the Act was to curb the growing nationalist

upsurge in the country.

51) Answer: a)

During Kingship, land was divided into Jagirs, Jagirs

were alloted to Jagirdars, these Jagirdars split the land

they got and allocated to sub-ordinate Zamindars.

Zamindars made peasants cultivate the land, in-return

collected part of their revenue as tax. Thus, Zamindars

were benefitted most by the British revenue system in

India

52) Answer: d)

On 28 December 1885, the Indian National Congress

was founded at Gokuldas Tejpal Sanskrit College in

Bombay, with 72 delegates in attendance. Hume

assumed office as the General Secretary, and Womesh

Chunder Banerjee of Calcutta was elected President.

Lord Dufferin was the Governor General and Viceroy

of India during the formation of Indian National

Congress.

53) Answer: b)

Mangal Pandey was an Indian soldier who played a

key part in the events immediately preceding the

outbreak of the Indian rebellion of 1857. At the

Barrackpore ground near Kolkata, on the afternoon of

29 March 1857, Pandey attacked and injured his

British sergeant and wounded an adjutant. While

Pandey incited his fellow soldiers to join him in the





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rebellion, a native soldier prevented him from killing

the adjutant and the sergeant-major.

54) Answer: c)

The Southern Province, also known simply as Goa,

was the headquarters of Portuguese India, and seat of

the Portuguese viceroy who governed the Portuguese

possessions in Asia.

55) Answer: b)

Warren Hastings was the first Governor General of

India. He resigned, returned to England, was

impeached for his conduct in India and had to face a

trial by Parliament.

56) Answer: a)

“Jana Gana Mana” is the national anthem of India.

Written in highly Sanskritised Bengali, it is the first of

five stanzas of a Brahmo hymn composed and scored

by Nobel laureate Rabindranath Tagore. It was first

sung in Calcutta Session of the Indian National

Congress on 27 December 1911.

57) Answer: b)

Champakaraman Pillai founded the Indian National

Part in Berlin during 1914. He was an Indian-born

political activist and revolutionary from Trivandrum,

Kerala. Pillai lived in Germany for most of his active

years, and died in Berlin in 1934.

58) Answer: a)

Calcutta is the first capital of India. In 13 February

1931 Delhi became the capital of India, shifting

Calcutta. The capital was shifted from Calcutta as

Delhi was the financial and political seat of many

earlier empires and was located closer to the

geographical centre of India. Lord Hardinge was the

Viceroy when Delhi became the capital of British

India.

59) Answer: d)

Lord Linlithgow was Viceroy of India from 1936 to

1944 and this eight years period was longest reign as

Viceroy of India. Thus, he was the Viceroy at the time

of Quit India Movement that took place in 1942.

60) Answer: d)

The charter act of 1833 legalized the British

colonization of India and the territorial possessions of

the company were allowed to remain under its

government, but were held “in trust for his majesty, his

heirs and successors” for the service of Government of

India. This act ended the East India Company’s

monopoly to trade with China.

61) Answer: a)

The doctrine of lapse was an annexation policy applied

by the British East India Company in India until

1859.Mysore state did not have a 'natural heir' and it

was not annexed under the 'doctrine of lapse' by the

'East India Company'.





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62) Answer: a)

Ryotwari System was introduced in India in 1820 by

Thomas Munro and Charles Reed. It was first

introduced in Madras presidency. Under this British

Government collected taxes directly from the peasants.

63) Answer: c)

On 28 December 1885, the Indian National Congress

was founded at Gokuldas Tejpal Sanskrit College in

Bombay, with 72 delegates in attendance. Hume

assumed office as the General Secretary, and Womesh

Chunder Banerjee of Calcutta was elected President.

Thus, Womesh Chunder Banerjee presided the first

meeting of Indian National Congress in 1885.

64) Answer: c)

The Government of India Act 1858 was an Act of the

British parliament that transferred the government and

territories of the East India Company to the British

Crown. The company's rule over British territories in

India came to an end and it was passed directly to the

British government.

65) Answer: d)

Swami Vivekananda was responsible for the revival of

Hinduism in the 19th century. A Hindu, according to

Vivekananda, is one who believes in the authority of

the Vedas, God, the cyclical order of creation,

preservation and dissolution, the immortality of the

atman and its innate purity and perfection,

reincarnation and religion as realization.

66) Answer: c)

Pandita Ramabai started 'Sharda sadan' (House of

Learning) at Bombay in 1889. It was the school of

Indian Widows in colonial India.

67) Answer: b)

The Regulating Act of 1773 recognized the political

functions of the company, because it asserted for the

first time right of the parliament to dictate the form of

government. It was the first attempt of British

government to centralize the administrative machinery

in India.

68) Answer: d)

Anand Math is a Bengali fiction, written by Bankim

Chandra Chattopadhyay and published in 1882. It is

inspired by and set in the background of the Sannyasi

Rebellion in the late 18th century, it is considered one

of the most important novels in the history of Bengali

and Indian literature.

69) Answer: a)

The Second Anglo–Mysore War was a conflict

between the Kingdom of Mysore and the British East

India Company from 1780 to 1784. Warren Hastings

was the Governor-General during this war.

70) Answer: b)





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Sarojini Naidu called Mohammad Ali Jinnah as

'Ambassador of Hindu-Muslim unity. He advocated

Hindu–Muslim unity in early years of his political

career. Gopal Krishna Gokhale stated that Jinnah "has

true stuff in him, and that freedom from all sectarian

prejudice which will make him the best ambassador of

Hindu–Muslim Unity".

71) Answer: c)

The Indian Independence Act, which was based on the

Mountbatten plan of June 3, was passed by the British

parliament on July 5, 1947 and first presented in the

House of Commons in London on July 4, 1947. It

received royal assent or approval on July 18, 1947.

72) Answer: d)

Sadr-Diwani- Adalat in civil court was introduced by

Warren Hastings. It was established in Kolkata (then

Calcutta) in 1772. The system was reformed two times

in 1780 and 1793 respectively by the British.

73) Answer: b)

Atmiya Sabha was a philosophical discussion circle in

India. The association was started by Ram Mohan Roy

in 1815 in Kolkata (then Calcutta). They used to

conduct debate and discussion sessions on

philosophical topics, and also used to promote free and

collective thinking and social reforms.

74) Answer: d)

On 14 July 1942, the Congress Working Committee

met again at Wardha and resolved that it would

authorise Gandhi to take charge of the non-violent

mass movement. The Resolution, generally referred to

as the 'Quit India' resolution, was to be approved by the

All India Congress Committee meeting in Bombay in

August.

75) Answer: b)

Charles John Canning was an English statesman and

Governor-General of India during the Indian Rebellion

of 1857.The system of budget was introduced in India

during the viceroyalty of Lord Canning.

76) Answer: d)

In India, the term First War of Independence was first

popularized by Vinayak Damodar Savarkar in his 1909

book The History of the War of Indian Independence,

which was originally written in Marathi.

77) Answer: a)

Manabendra Nath Roy, born Narendra Nath

Bhattacharya, was an Indian revolutionary, radical

activist and political theorist, as well as a noted

philosopher in the 20th century. Roy was a founder of

the Mexican Communist Party and the Communist

Party of India. He was the first Indian to be elected as

the leader of the Communist International.

78) Answer: b)





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The Battle of Plassey was a decisive victory of the

British East India Company over the Nawab of Bengal

and his French allies on 23 June 1757, under the

leadership of Robert Clive which was possible due to

the defection of Mir Jafar Ali Khan, who was Siraj-ud-

Daulah's commander in chief. The battle helped the

Company seize control of Bengal.

79) Answer: a)

Surat is the first place where the EIC decided to

establish a factory first though it materialized first in

Masulipatnam. The company created trading posts in

Surat (where a factory was built in 1612), Madras

(1639), Bombay (1668), and Calcutta (1690).

80) Answer: b)

Sir Dadabhai Naoroji also known as the "Grand Old

Man of India” was an Indian Parsi scholar, trader and

politician who was a Liberal Party member of

Parliament (MP) in the United Kingdom House of

Commons between 1892 and 1895. He was the first

Indian to be elected as a Member of the British House

of Commons.

81) Answer: d)

On May 20, 1498, when the Portuguese explorer Vasco

da Gama landed in Kozhikode, India, via the Cape of

Good Hope, in the Atlantic Ocean, Portugal became

the first European country to discover the new sea

route to India.

82) Answer: c)

The Battle of Plassey was a decisive victory of the

British East India Company over the Nawab of Bengal

and his French allies on 23 June 1757, under the

leadership of Robert Clive which was possible due to

the defection of Mir Jafar Ali Khan, who was Siraj-ud-

Daulah's commander in chief. The battle helped the

Company seize control of Bengal. Thus, Mir Jaffar

betrayed Siraj-ud-Daula in the Battle of Plassey.

83) Answer: d)

Satyashodhak Samaj is a social reform society

established by Mahatma Jyotiba Phule in Pune, India,

on 24 September 1873. Its purpose was to liberate the

Shudra and Untouchable castes from exploitation and

oppression.

84) Answer: d)

Mahatma Gandhi appointed Abbas Tyabji to replace

him as leader of the Salt Satyagraha in May 1930 after

Gandhi's arrest. Tyabji was arrested soon afterwards

and imprisoned by the British Indian Government.

85) Answer: d)

Kesari is a Marathi newspaper which was founded in

1881 by Lokmanya Bal Gangadhar Tilak, a prominent

leader of the Indian Independence movement. The

newspaper was started and was used as a spokes piece

for the Indian national freedom movement.

86) Answer: d)





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Goa is a former Portuguese colony, the Portuguese

overseas territory of Portuguese India that existed for

about 450 years until it was annexed by India in 1961.

Thus, the traces of Portuguese culture are found in

Goa.

87) Answer: d)

It was the Madras session of 1927 that for the first time

the Congress called for Purna Swaraj, or complete

freedom, with Jawaharlal Nehru moving the

Independence Resolution but the demand for 'Poorna

swaraj' or complete independence was adopted at

Lahore session of Congress in December 1929.

88) Answer: a)

On 7 February 1856 by order of Lord Dalhousie,

General of the East India Company, the king of Oudh

(Wajid Ali Shah) was deposed, and its kingdom was

annexed to British India under the terms of the

Doctrine of lapse on the grounds of alleged internal

misrule. Thus, Wajid Ali Shah was the Nawab when

Dalhousie annexed Awadh in 1856.

89) Answer: c)

Sher Ali Afridi, also called Shere Ali, is known for

killing Lord Mayo, the Viceroy of India, on 8 February

1872. He was a prisoner on the Andaman and Nicobar

Islands at the time, sentenced for murder. Thus, Lord

Mayo became a victim of one of the convicts during

his visit to the Andamans.

90) Answer: a)

Bal Gangadhar Tilak born Keshav Gangadhar Tilak,

was a popular leader of the people who fought for

Indian independence during the Indian Independence

Movement. He was a journalist, teacher, social

reformer, playwright, and lawyer. He was also a

political extremist and considered as the ‘Father of

Extremist Movement’ in India.

91) Answer: d)

Jana-Gana-Mana was composed by Rabindra Nath

Tagore in Bengali language. Under the title of Bharat

Vidhata it was first published in 1912 and sung in the

Calcutta session,1911.

92) Answer: d)

In 1822, Roy founded the Anglo-Hindu school,

followed four years later (1826) by the Vedanta

college; where he insisted that his teaching of

monotheistic doctrines be incorporated with modern

western curriculum. However, Ram Mohan was the

chief advocate of the western system of education and

the scientific learning.

93) Answer: c)

The Bardoli Satyagraha was a major peasant

movement in Gujarat in the year 1928, led by

Vallabhbhai Patel. Mahatma Gandhi gave the title of

Sardar to Vallabhbhai Patel for his great organizational

skill in The Bardoli Satyagraha.





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94) Answer: d)

Fort William is a fort in Calcutta (Kolkata), built

during the early years of the Bengal Presidency of

British India. It sits on the eastern banks of the River

Hooghly, the major distributary of the River Ganges.

95) Answer: a)

In Lahore, Lala Lajpat Rai, who was leading the

demonstration against the Simon Commission, was

brutally lathi-charged. He died later that year due to

injuries sustained then. Thus, Lala Lajpat Rai was

demonstrating against Simon Commission when he

succumbed to police brutality.

96) Answer: b)

Lord Canning was the last Governor-General of East

India Company and became the first Viceroy of India

under Crown rule after the Queen Victoria's

proclamation in the year 1858.

97) Answer: d)

The government formed a committee of inquiry to

investigate the Jallianwala Bagh shootings. The

committee was commonly known as Hunter

Commission after the name of chairman, Lord William

Hunter. It also had Indian members. In the final report

submitted in March 1920, the committee unanimously

condemned Dyer's actions.

98) Answer: b)

Permanent settlement was introduced in 1793 by Lord

Cornwallis and covered around one fifth of British

territory in India, including Bengal, Bihar, Orissa, parts

of Northern Karnataka, Varanasi and some other areas.

With the permanent settlement, the auctioning of land

(Izaredar system in Bengal) came to at an end.

99) Answer: a)

All India Women’s Conference was founded in 1927

by Margaret Cousins in order to improve educational

efforts for women and children and has expanded its

scope to also tackle other women's rights issues. The

organisation is one of the oldest women's groups in

India and has branches throughout the country.

100) Answer: a)

Cripps Mission headed by Sir Stafford Cripps came to

India in the year 1942 to secure full Indian co-

operation for world war-II. Gandhiji remarked Cripps

Mission as Post-dated Cheque on a crumbling bank.

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