Expanded trade leads to cultural diffusion in the Mediterranean.
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Transcript of Expanded trade leads to cultural diffusion in the Mediterranean.
Seafaring Traders
Expanded trade leads to cultural diffusion in the Mediterranean.
Key Terms• Minoans
• Aegean Sea• Knossos
• King Minos• Phoenicians
Minoan Civilization• Lived on
the island of Crete• Center or
trade in the Mediterranean• Knossos• Peaceful
Through trade their culture and influence was spread throughout the Mediterranean◦Unique Architecture◦Very athletic people Boxing, wrestling, bull leaping
◦King Minos Minotaur in a labyrinth
Minoan Culture
Women had a high rank in Minoan society◦ Religious ceremonies◦ Mother Earth Goddess ruled over all the other
gods◦ Head priestesses
Minoan religion practiced ritual sacrifice◦ Bulls and other animals◦ Some evidence indicates humans were sacrificed
as well
Culture Continued
Why do we have such detailed information like their views of nature and the sports they played?
How do we know so much about
Minoan Culture?
Unclear as to exactly why◦Overpopulation?◦ Invaders?◦Natural Disaster?
1470bc a series of earthquakes rocked Crete Caused a volcanic eruption and a tsunami
Unable to recover from the 1470 disasters◦ Minoan civilization greatly weakened but remained
for about 300 years◦ Greek invaders may have completely ended
Minoan Civ.
End of a powerful Culture
Rise of the Phoenicians
They took advantage of the fall of the Minoans
In modern day Lebanon 1100 BCE
◦ What allowed the Phoenicians to become so powerful?
Phoenicians
What is a city-state?◦An autonomous state consisting of a city
and surrounding areas◦What are the advantages of NOT creating
a unified state?◦What are the disadvantages?
Byblos, Tyre and Sidon
City-states
First Mediterranean peoples to trade past the Straight of Gibraltar
Might have traded with southern Britain
May have sailed around tip of Africa and back up to Straight of Gibraltar◦ Next evidence of this happening wasn’t for
another 2,000 years
Exceptional seafarers
Bbblos◦ Traded papyrus
What is papyrus? Why is it important?
Sidon and Tyre◦ Production of red-purple dye
Why would dye be an important trade commodity?
Carthage (colony) 814 BCE◦ North Africa and founded by Tyre
Colonies◦ Northern coast of Africa, coasts of Sicily, Sardinia and
Spain◦ 30 miles apart. Why?
Important Cities
Dye◦ Very labor intensive
What does rarity and labor intensity do to the price of a commodity?
◦ A red-purple dye Made from rotted snails
Wine, Weapons, Precious Metal, Ivory, Wood (Cedar), Metal, and Glass◦ What is unique about Ivory as a trade commodity?
Traded Goods
How does writing evolve?
Phonetic-one character means one sound◦ Alphabet= alpha + beth
Phoenician writing system spreads throughout the Mediterranean◦ How?
Phoenician Writing
Did Phoenician civilization really decline?◦ Babylonians took control of Eastern cities◦ Persian King Cyrus I took control of Western
cities
What did they leave behind?
Decline of Phoenician Civilization?