Exercise

US7222 PENGANTAR KEPADA KEUSAHAWANAN BI07160108

1. What do you understand by organizational structure? Briefly explain and illustrate

four organizational charts that are suitable for a small business.

Organizational structure- This defines members’ job and the communication

and relationship these jobs have with each other. These relationships are

depicted in an organizational chart.

The entrepreneur will have difficulty making the transition from a start-up to a

growing, well-managed business that maintains its success over a long period

of time. Regardless of whether there is one or more individuals involved in the

start-up, as the workload increases, the organizational structure will need to

expand to include additional employees with defined roles in the organization.

Effective interviewing and hiring procedures will need to be implemented to

ensure that new employees will effectively grow and mature with the new

venture.

The organization’s design can be very simple – that is, one in which the

entrepreneur performs all the task (usually indicative of a start-up) – or more

complex, in which other employees are hired to perform specific task. As the

organization becomes larger and more complex, the preceding areas of

expectation become more relevant and necessary.

HC 12 TEKNOLOGI MULTIMEDIA


Organizational charts

The new venture is operated by basically one person, the entrepreneur. This

organizational chart reflects the activities of the firm in production, marketing/

sales, and administration. Initially, the entrepreneur may manage all these

function.

Here, submanagers are hired to coordinate, organize, and control various

aspects of the business.


President

Marketing/ SalesProduction Administration

President

Quality Control

Sales

Marketing Manager

Assembly

Administrative Manager

PurchasingFinance Accounting

ProductionManager

Promotion Advertising

Shipping / Receiving


Cluster people with similar skills in a department.

People with devise occupational specialities are put together in formal groups

by similar products or services customers or clients or geographic regions.


President

Vice presidentVice president marketing

Vice president Vice president

President

Music DivisionMotion picture TV Division

Magazine basic Divisions

Internet product Divisions


2. What are the characteristics of SMEs that differ from big business?

Factors SMEs Big business

Ownership No limitation on number of partners. No limitation on number of stockholders.

Liability of owners In general partnership, individuals all liable for business liabilities. In limited partnership, partners are liable for amount of capital contribution.

Amount of capital contribution is limit of shareholder liability.

Costs of starting business

Partnership agreement, legal costs, and minor filing fees for trade name. Limited partnership requires more comprehensive agreement, hence higher costs.

Created only by statute. Articles of incorporation, filling fees, taxes, and fees for states in which corporation registers to do business.

Continuity of business

Death or withdrawal of one partner terminates partnership unless partnership agreement stipulate otherwise. In limited partnership, death or withdrawal of limited partners has no effect on continuity. Limited partner can withdraw capital after notice is provided.

Greatest from of continuity. Death or withdrawal of owner(s) will not affect legal existence of business.

Transferability of interest

General partner can transfer his/her interest only with consent of all other general partners. Limited partner can sell interest without consent of general partners.

Most flexible. Stockholders can sell or buy stock at will. Some stock transfers may be restricted by agreement. In S Corporation, stock may be transferred only to an individual.

Capital requirements Loans or new contributions by partners require a change in partnership agreement.

New capital raised by sale of stock or bonds or by borrowing (debt) in name of corporation. In S Corporation, only one class of stock and limited to 35 shareholders.



3. When entrepreneur seek financing, financial institution often require a business plan before making decision. Why?

Like the marketing, production, and organization plans, this is an important part of the business plan. It determines the potential investment commitment needed for the new venture and indicates whether the business plan is economically feasible. Generally, three financial areas are discussed in this section of the business plan. First, the entrepreneur should summarize the forecasted sales and the appropriate expenses for at least the first three years, with the first year’s projections provided monthly. It includes the forecasted sales, cost of goods sold, and the general and administrative expenses. Net profit after taxes can then be projected by estimating income taxes.


Exercise

Documents

Transcript of Exercise