Executive Branch – Bureaucracies Chapter 15. What is a Bureaucracy? Contains 3 features: ...
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Transcript of Executive Branch – Bureaucracies Chapter 15. What is a Bureaucracy? Contains 3 features: ...
Executive Branch – Executive Branch – BureaucraciesBureaucracies
Chapter 15Chapter 15
What is a Bureaucracy?What is a Bureaucracy?
Contains 3 features:Contains 3 features: Hierarchical AuthorityHierarchical Authority
Pyramid structurePyramid structure Chain of command – running from top to bottomChain of command – running from top to bottom
Job Specialization – Job Specialization – Bureaucrat – has certain duties and responsibilitiesBureaucrat – has certain duties and responsibilities
Formalized RulesFormalized Rules Set of established regulations and procedures.Set of established regulations and procedures.
The BureaucracyThe Bureaucracy
The President is the chief administrator of The President is the chief administrator of the federal governmentthe federal government
Congress and the President created an Congress and the President created an administration – the government’s administration – the government’s administrators and agencies.administrators and agencies.
DivisionsDivisions
Divided into 4 groups:Divided into 4 groups:
1.1.EOP (Executive Office of the President)EOP (Executive Office of the President)
2.2.Cabinet Cabinet
3.3.Independent agenciesIndependent agencies
4.4.Government corporations Government corporations
1. Executive Office of the 1. Executive Office of the President (EOP)President (EOP)
An umbrella agency of separate agencies.An umbrella agency of separate agencies. serves as the President’s right arm, staffed by most serves as the President’s right arm, staffed by most
of the President’s closest advisors and assistants.of the President’s closest advisors and assistants. Established in 1939, but reorganized with every Established in 1939, but reorganized with every
President.President. Ex: White House Office Ex: White House Office Ex: Office of Management and BudgetEx: Office of Management and Budget Ex: National Security Council Ex: National Security Council Ex: Office of the Vice President Ex: Office of the Vice President
White House Office “Nerve Center” of the EOP, houses key personal and political staff West Wing (where most work)
Oval Office, Cabinet Room includes press secretary, legal advisors, and physician
East Wing Presidential residence, 1st lady offices, theater, visitor’s entrance
Chief of Staff – “The Gatekeeper” Highest ranking employee of the EOP typically oversees the actions of the White House staff, manages the
president's schedule, and decides who is allowed to meet with the president
Press Secretary- Chief spokesperson for the President
Additional AgenciesAdditional Agencies
Office of Management and Budget (OMB)Office of Management and Budget (OMB)• The OMB’s major task is the preparation of The OMB’s major task is the preparation of
the federal budget, which the President must the federal budget, which the President must submit to Congress.submit to Congress.
Council of Economic AdvisersCouncil of Economic Advisers• The Council of Economic Advisers consists of The Council of Economic Advisers consists of
three of the country’s leading economists, and three of the country’s leading economists, and acts as the President’s major source of acts as the President’s major source of information and advice on the nation’s information and advice on the nation’s economy.economy.
2. The Cabinet2. The Cabinet The Cabinet is an The Cabinet is an
informal advisory informal advisory body brought together body brought together by the President to by the President to serve his needs.serve his needs.
15 Cabinet Members15 Cabinet Members
Each one headed by Each one headed by a Secretary except a Secretary except Attorney GeneralAttorney General
The President appoints The President appoints them, but are then them, but are then subject to Senate subject to Senate approval.approval.
The title of The title of DepartmentDepartment is is reserved for agencies reserved for agencies within the Cabinet.within the Cabinet.
How he choosesHow he chooses – party, – party, professional professional qualifications, interest qualifications, interest groups, gender, race, groups, gender, race, experience, etc.experience, etc.
Cabinet PositionsCabinet Positions
Department of StateDepartment of State Department of TreasuryDepartment of Treasury Department of DefenseDepartment of Defense Department of Education Department of Education Department of JusticeDepartment of Justice Department of the InteriorDepartment of the Interior Department of AgricultureDepartment of Agriculture Department of Homeland Department of Homeland
Security Security
Department of Commerce Department of Commerce Department of LaborDepartment of Labor Department of Health and Department of Health and
Human ResourcesHuman Resources Department of Housing and Department of Housing and
Urban Development Urban Development Department of Transportation Department of Transportation Department of EnergyDepartment of Energy Department of Veteran’s Affairs Department of Veteran’s Affairs
3. Independent Agencies3. Independent Agencies
independent executive agencies—similar to departments but without cabinet status
Ex: CIA, FBI, IRS, Ex: CIA, FBI, IRS, SEC, etc. SEC, etc.
4. Government Corporations
Set up by Congress to carry out business like activities
Generally charge for services
Ex: Federal Deposit Insurance Corp (FDIC), Postal Service, AMTRAK, TVA, etc.
Govt. vs. Private
Similarities Run by a board of directors General manager Produce income that circulates back into business
Differences Congress decides function ability President selects top officials Financed by public funds, not private investors
Development of the Civil ServiceDevelopment of the Civil Service
The civil service is that group of public employees who perform the administrative work of
government, excluding the armed forces. Spoils System (patronage) practice of giving Spoils System (patronage) practice of giving
government jobs to supporters and friends.government jobs to supporters and friends.
The The Pendleton ActPendleton Act laid the foundation of the present laid the foundation of the present federal civil service system, and set merit as the federal civil service system, and set merit as the basis for hiring in most civil service positions.basis for hiring in most civil service positions.
The Civil Service TodayThe Civil Service Today
The Office of Personnel The Office of Personnel Management is Management is responsible for responsible for recruiting, examining, recruiting, examining, and the hiring process.and the hiring process.
Congress sets the pay Congress sets the pay and other job and other job conditions for everyone conditions for everyone who works for the who works for the Federal Government, Federal Government, except for postal except for postal employees.employees.