Excretory system hiranandani feb 2017 Neela Tamhane
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Transcript of Excretory system hiranandani feb 2017 Neela Tamhane
Neela Tamhane, GMM, Thane
The Excretory System
Metabolism Chemical
Procedure
Anabolism Building Tissue
Catabolism Breaking
down Molecules
Waste Material
Co2, Water, Heat
Waste Material
Co2, Water, Heat
Toxic Substance Ammonia,
Urea
Ions sodium,
Potassium, Sulphate
Accumulation in the Body
Eliminated from the body
The Excretory System
Passive Biological System
Elimination of Waste
Products
Maintain Homeostasis
Prevent Damage to
Body
Main Routes of Excretion
1. Kidneys.2. Liver.3. Large
intestine.4. Skin.5. Lungs.
Urinary system .
1
2
3 4
Pair of Kidneys control body fluid and water levels
•Bean shape.• Deep indentation.• Renal Artery, nerve enter.• Renal Vain carrying filtered blood, Lymphatic, Ureter leaves.
Kidneys
1.Renal Medulla 2.Interlobular artery 3. Renal artery 4.Renal Vain 5. RenalHilum 6. Renal Pelvis 7. Ureter 8. Minor calyx 9. Renal Capsule 10. Inferior Renal Capsule11. Superior Renal Cortex 12. Inter lobular Vein 13. Nephron 14. Renal Sinus 15. major Calyx16. renal Papilla 17 Renal Column
Nephron and Process of Formation of Urine
• Loss of Nephron is irreversible.• Acts like a sieve, like a ball of yarn. • Blood cells and large molecules proteins are filtered from the blood.•Re-absorption is the transport of molecules into the blood via Renal Vain.•Sodium, Potassium ions are secreted (returned).• excess water ,wastes and other substances from blood are excreted. (Removed)
Filtration- Re absorption- Secretion- Excretion
Urinary System
• Ureter- carry urine from kidney to Bladder.
•Bladder-hollow, muscular and elastic organ. Urine storage tank.
•Urethra - a muscular tube that connects the bladder with the outside of the body.
Kidneys
• Urine formed is collected in Bladder.• Stretch receptors in bladder are stimulated.• Impulses sent to lower portion of spinal cord.• Causes Reflex contraction of walls of bladder.• Voluntary control taught in childhood.• Pressure increases- impulses travel to Cortical.•1.5 liters of urine is excreted in 24 hours.• Physical, chemical, ,microscopic properties of urine checked for diagnosis.
Kidneys remove nitrogenous wastes from the blood through millions of nephrons
The urine from the kidney is trasported by the ureter and is collected in the urinary bladder
The urinary bladder collects and stores the urine.
The urine collected in the bladder is passed through an opening called the urethra
Working of Urinary System
Functions of Kidneys
Important Role of Kidneys
Regulation of plasma
osmolarity. Regulation of plasma
ionic composition
Regulation of plasma
volume. Removal of metabolic
waste products
Concentration pH.
Secretion of Hormones
• How many ions and how much water a person excretes.
Osmotic concentration
• Ions such as sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium etc are regulated by the amount that kidney excretes.ionic composition
•The kidneys control plasma volume . The plasma volume has a direct effect on blood pressure.
plasma volume.
•Kidneys excrete Nitrogenous waste, Creatinine from metabolic breakdown of Creatine Phospate . Uric acid
Removal of waste products
•The kidneys help maintain the blood Ph mainly by excreting hydrogen ions and reabsorbing bicarbonate ions as needed.
Concentration pH.
•Renin-controls BP, Angiotensin- Vasocontrictor, Erythropoietin- Acts as stem cells in the bone marrow
•The Vitamin D from the skin is also activated with help from the kidneys. Calcium (Ca+) absorption from the digestive tract is promoted by vitamin D.
Secretion of Hormones- Non
excretory functions.
Liver
LiverChemicals
Toxins Poisons
UreaUric Acid Kidneys
Alimentary canal - Large Intestine
Anal canalAnus
Large Intestine
• Absorbs Sodium and large quantity of water which makes fecal dry.
• Potassium keeps feces moist.
• Eliminates undigested food, residual secretion, Bile pigment bacteria, water
through Anus during the process of defecation.
• External anal sphincter muscle is voluntary , the smooth muscle of GI
track are involuntary.
• Activities of GIT are controlled by ANS, strong reflexes through visero-
receptors involve CNS. i.e. emotions, hunger, satiety.
• Almost all Asanas, Kriyas influence stomach, colon, liver, urinary system.
• Dhauti related to esophagus and stomach, Basti- anus, rectum, colon.
• Ashwini Mudra – external sphicters.
Thoughts, Stress, -ve approach, anger, hatred affect visceral parts.
Problems
Constipation
IBS
Colitis
Gastritis
Yoga Sadhana
Diet
Exercise Rest
Santulit
Satvik
Simit
Yogic Diet
Balance Diet Fibrous Diet
Yoga sadhana Influences Abdominal Region
Pawan Muktasana – Part1 - To remove Toxins.
Various Asana
Positive/ Negative Pressure
Improved Digestive Function
Yoga Sadhana Influences Abdominal Region
Ashwini Mudra Tones up Anal Sphincter
Muscles
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Excretory System- Lungs
Exchange of Gases
Excretory - Lungs
• Each respiration Carbon Dioxide is exchanged for oxygen and eliminated
during exhalation.
• Water vapor, other chemicals are also eliminated.
• Sneezing and coughing are protective reflexes. Help to
remove irritants from respiratory passage.
• In Kapalbhati Carbon Dioxide is eliminated in large quantity from blood.
• No need of respiration for some time. Respiration centre in Medulla is
inhibited – tranquilized stage of mind.
• prolonged exhalation reduces anxiety, tensions.
• Integration in CNS and ANS.
Inter coastal Muscles
Increased breathing capacity
Increases breathing capacity
Vertical stretch flexibility of diaphragm.
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Excretory System -Skin
The epidermis- Waterproof barrier
The dermis – Hair Follicles, Sweat glandsHypodermis – subcutaneous tissue, made up of Fat
Excretory System -Skin
• Excretion of water and Salt from body.• Regulates body temperature.• The function of skin as excretory system is very minimum.• Hath Pradeepika mentions ‘Kanti Tada Jayate’ skin glows after purification of nadis.• ‘Vapu krushatvam, Vadane Prasannata’ are symptoms of achievement of Hathyoga.
According To Acharya Vahbhat
The root cause of the disease are :•The accumulation of the waste products in the body•Dietary imbalance,•Irregular life style•Undesirable thought processes.• These mental, psychological impurities are called ‘Mala Kuleshu Nadishu’ Blockages which could be cleaned up with yogic practices.
ABC OF MANAGING STRESS
•Awareness -•Identify the cause.
A•Balance – Try to balance
+ ve –ve stress.B
•Control – Before eustress/ Distress
C
Excrete Negativities
Karmayoga Bhaktiyoga
Counseling
JnanayogaPeaceful
Mind
Thank You