EXCLAMATORY WORDS IS USED TO SHOW A VAST RANGE OF EMOTIONS OR A STRONG EMOTIONAL

RESPONSES.

( LOVE, ANGER, HAPPINESS, CONFUSION, ELATION OR ANY OTHER TYPED OF EXUBERANT

EXUBERANT EMOTION).

FOR EXAMPLE:

- WOW! - HOW TERRIBLE!

- AMAZING! - HOW AWESOME!

- FANTASTIC! - HOW INTERESTING!

• AN EXCLAMATORY SENTENCE IS USED EXPRESS A SUDDEN EMOTION. IT COULD BE FEAR,

ANGER, ANXIETY, ADMIRATION, EXCITEMENT ETC.

• RULE NUMBER ONE: IF THE NOUN IN YOUR SENTENCE IS PLURAL, THE CORRECT CHOICE

CORRECT CHOICE IS WHAT, NOT HOW.

“WHAT FANTASTIC DRESSES THESE ARE!”

“WHAT A FANTASTIC DRESS THIS!”

• RULE NUMBER TWO:

WHEN PUNCTUATING AN EXCLAMATORY SENTENCE, THE EXCLAMATION MARK

SHOULD BE AT THE SENTENCE END, NOT IN THE MIDDLE OF THE SENTENCE.

“FANTASTIC, WE CLOSED THE DEAL!”

• FOR EXAMPLE: NO, YOU DID NOT HAVE PERMISSION TO STAY OUT THIS LATE!

(ANGER)

I CAN’T FIGURE THIS OUT! (FRUSTRATION)

OUR TEAM WON THE CHAMPIONSHIP! (HAPPINESS)

I DON’T KNOW WHAT HAPPENED HERE!

(CONFUSION)

I SIMPLY ADORE YOU! (LOVE)

I JUST WON THE LOTTERY! (ELATION)

MY LIFE WILL NEVER BE THE SAME WITHOUT YOU! (SORROW)

OH, I DIDN’T SEE YOU COME IN! (SURPRISE)

1. EXPRESSING IDEAS SUCH AS JOY, ADMIRATION, SURPRISE AND WONDER

EXAMPLE : - WELL DONE !

- BRAVO !

- EXCELLENT !

- HOW LOVELY !

- CONRATULATIONS !

We can use these modal verbs (also

called modals of deduction, speculation or

certainty) when we want to make a guess

about something. We choose the verb

depending on how sure we are.

• MUST / CAN'T / COULDN'T HAVE - TO EXPRESS PROBABILITY IN

THE PAST

• STRUCTURE: MODAL + HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE

MUST HAVE BEEN, CAN'T HAVE GONE, COULDN'T HAVE GONE

• WE USE MUST HAVE TO EXPRESS THAT WE FEEL SURE THAT

SOMETHING WAS TRUE.

FOR EXAMPLE: THEY MUST HAVE LEFT EARLY.

HE MUST HAVE ALREADY GONE.

• WE USE CAN'T HAVE / COULDN'T HAVE TO SAY THAT WE BELIEVE

SOMETHING WAS IMPOSSIBLE.

FOR EXAMPLE: HE CAN'T HAVE ESCAPED THROUGH THIS

WINDOW. IT IS TOO SMALL.

SHE CAN'T HAVE SAID THAT.

SHE COULDN'T HAVE SAID THAT.

• MAY / MIGHT / COULD HAVE - TO EXPRESS PROBABILITY IN THE

PAST

• STRUCTURE: MODAL + HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE

MAY HAVE BEEN, COULD HAVE GONE, MIGHT HAVE LOST

• WE USE MAY / COULD / MIGHT HAVE TO SAY THAT IT WAS

POSSIBLE THAT SOMETHING HAPPENED IN THE PAST (BUT WE

ARE NOT 100% SURE).

FOR EXAMPLE: HE MAY HAVE MISSED THE BUS.

THE ROAD MIGHT HAVE BEEN BLOCKED.

• THE NEGATIVES ARE MAY NOT HAVE AND MIGHT NOT HAVE.

FOR EXAMPLE: HE MAY NOT HAVE LEFT YET.

THE ASSISTANT MIGHT NOT HAVE RECEIVED HIS

MESSAGE.