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Indian guards at the Chinese border on Wednesday. Neither of the nations’ ambitious leaders is backing down in a dispute. Page A11.A High-Stakes Clash

The police in China are collect-ing blood samples from men andboys from across the country tobuild a genetic map of its roughly700 million males, giving the au-thorities a powerful new tool fortheir emerging high-tech surveil-lance state.

They have swept across thecountry since late 2017 to collectenough samples to build a vastDNA database, according to a newstudy published on Wednesday bythe Australian Strategic Policy In-stitute, a research organization,based on documents also re-viewed by The New York Times.With this database, the authoritieswould be able to track down aman’s male relatives using onlythat man’s blood, saliva or othergenetic material.

An American company, ThermoFisher, is helping: The Massachu-setts company has sold testingkits to the Chinese police tailoredto their specifications. Americanlawmakers have criticizedThermo Fisher for selling equip-ment to the Chinese authorities,but the company has defended itsbusiness.

The project is a major escala-tion of China’s efforts to use genet-ics to control its people, which hadbeen focused on tracking ethnicminorities and other, more tar-geted groups. It would add to agrowing, sophisticated surveil-lance net that the police are de-ploying across the country, onethat increasingly includes ad-vanced cameras, facial recogni-tion systems and artificial intelli-gence.

The police say that they needthe database to catch criminalsand that donors consent to hand-ing over their DNA. Some officialswithin China, as well as humanrights groups outside its borders,warn that a national DNA data-base could invade privacy and

tempt officials to punish the rela-tives of dissidents and activists.Rights activists argue that the col-lection is being done without con-sent because citizens living in anauthoritarian state have virtuallyno right to refuse.

Already, the program is runninginto an unusual amount of opposi-tion in China.

“The ability of the authorities to

discover who is most intimatelyrelated to whom, given the con-text of the punishment of entirefamilies as a result of one person’sactivism, is going to have a chill-ing effect on society as a whole,”said Maya Wang, a China re-searcher for Human RightsWatch.

The campaign even involvesschools. In one southern coastaltown in China, young boys offeredup their tiny fingers to a police of-ficer with a needle. About 230miles to the north, officers wentfrom table to table taking bloodfrom schoolboys while the girlswatched quizzically.

Jiang Haolin, 31, gave a blood

China Puts All Its Men in DNA Surveillance NetBy SUI-LEE WEE

Police officers in Shaanxi Province took DNA samples from a boy.XI’AN POLICE

Tens of Millions, EvenBoys, Are Sampled,

Using U.S. Gear

Continued on Page A12

Kim Yo-jong’s profile is rising as acandidate to succeed Kim Jong-un inpatriarchal North Korea. PAGE A10

INTERNATIONAL A10-12

A Sister Waiting in the WingsAs the marches and protests for socialjustice enter a new stage, the iconogra-phy that defines the uprising is begin-ning to evolve and coalesce. PAGE D1

THURSDAY STYLES D1-6

The Uniform of No Uniform

Tazewell Thompson’s libretto for “Blue,”which premiered last summer at theGlimmerglass Festival, tells the story ofa black family struck by tragedy. Hewrites about his journey. PAGE C1

ARTS C1-6

An Opera on Police ViolenceTransgender Americans have beenfighting for rights at work and in schooland housing for years. The SupremeCourt has given them hope. PAGE A15

NATIONAL A13-21

New Life for Stalled Lawsuits

Boris Johnson caught a break amid achaotic reopening push, flustering hisLabour rival in Parliament. PAGE A11

Good Week for British Leader

Aides are alarmed by the president’sincendiary behavior, but he seemsundeterred. Political Memo. PAGE A13

Does He Want 4 More Years?

Greenhouse gas emissions are rebound-ing sharply as countries relax theirlockdowns and traffic surges. PAGE A6

TRACKING AN OUTBREAK A4-9

Emissions Back on the Rise

Many Americans reflexively believethat good fortune is always around thecorner. But ignoring the dark potentialof life, and the capacity for suffering,can have dire consequences. PAGE C1

The Bright Side of Pessimism

Nicholas Kristof PAGE A23

EDITORIAL, OP-ED A22-23

Coronavirus shutdowns have madeonline learning more attractive. Butsome students feel exploited. PAGE B1

Boon for For-Profit Colleges

Edwin Raymond, a black lieu-tenant in the Police Department,heard racial insults — “Sellout!”and “Uncle Tom!” — rising aboveprotesters’ chants as he helped tocontrol the crowds at recent dem-onstrations in Brooklyn againstpolice brutality and racism.

He said he understood the

words were aimed at black offi-cers like him. He tried not to takethem personally, but the shoutswere particularly painful, he said,because he has long been an out-spoken critic of what he sees as ra-cial discrimination within the de-partment.

“I’m not blind to the issues, butI’m torn,” Lieutenant Raymondsaid. “As I’m standing there withmy riot helmet and being called a‘coon,’ people have no idea that I

identify with them. I understandthem. I’m here for them. I’ve beentrying to be here as a changeagent.”

Lieutenant Raymond, 34, is oneof hundreds of black and Hispanic

officers in New York City whohave found themselves caught be-tween competing loyalties. Manysaid they sympathized with pro-testers across the city and thecountry who have turned out enmasse to demonstrate against po-lice brutality in the wake ofGeorge Floyd’s death at the handsof a white officer in Minneapolis.

The officers said they had expe-rienced racism and share the pro-

Torn Between Two Worlds: Black Officers at New York ProtestsBy ASHLEY SOUTHALLand EDGAR SANDOVAL

Sharing Pain but OftenSeen as the Enemy

Continued on Page A17

WASHINGTON — The federalgovernment’s leadership in thecoronavirus crisis has so fadedthat state and local health officialshave been left to figure out ontheir own how to handle rising in-fections and to navigate conflict-ing signals from the White House.

About 800 Americans a day arestill dying of Covid-19, a pace that,if sustained over the next fewmonths, would yield more than200,000 dead by the end of Sep-tember. Arizona, Florida, Nevada,Oregon and Texas all reportedtheir largest one-day increases innew cases on Tuesday.

On Wednesday, Oklahoma re-corded 259 new cases, a single-day record for the second day in arow, and just three days beforePresident Trump is scheduled tohold an indoor campaign rally inTulsa in defiance of his own ad-ministration’s guidelines for“phased reopening.”

That rally is not the only confus-ing signal from Washington. TheTrump campaign is requiringrally-goers to sign a statementwaiving their right to sue the cam-paign if they get sick.

While the president refuses towear a mask, Surgeon General Je-rome M. Adams has spent thisweek doing a round of televisioninterviews to implore Americansto do so. Meantime, Vice Presi-dent Mike Pence insisted in anopinion piece in The Wall Street

State Cases RiseAs WashingtonStirs ConfusionThis article is by Sheryl Gay Stol-

berg, Noah Weiland, Sarah Mervoshand David E. Sanger.

Continued on Page A5

The Chinese economy had beenfiring back up. Travelers had beenreturning to fill trains and planes.Communist Party leaders hadbeen celebrating their success indefeating the coronavirus.

For 56 days, Beijing had not reg-istered any new locally acquiredcases — until last week.

Now, China’s capital has suf-fered a flare-up of infections, de-livering a painful lesson that thevirus can come back to ambushcountries that had triumphantlyproclaimed victory.

After a fresh outbreak of coro-navirus infections, the city of Bei-jing, with a population of morethan 21 million, has begun re-imposing some controls usedacross the country earlier in theyear to stifle the first wave of in-fections.

Airlines have canceled hun-dreds of flights. Schools havecalled off classes, forcing studentsto exchange abrupt farewells. Of-ficials sealed off neighborhoods,and residents stuck inside com-plained about limited food deliver-ies. Medical workers tested tensof thousands of residents.

“If you just look at the numbersof cases they are still relativelysmall,” said Yanzhong Huang, anexpert on China’s health care atthe Council on Foreign Relationswho has closely followed China’sepidemic.

“I’ve said that this kind of out-break would be the new normal

Beijing RevivesClosure Orders

After Flare-UpBy CHRIS BUCKLEY

and KEITH BRADSHER

Continued on Page A8

John R. Bolton, the former na-tional security adviser, says in hisnew book that the House in its im-peachment inquiry should haveinvestigated President Trump notjust for pressuring Ukraine butalso for a variety of instanceswhen he sought to use trade nego-tiations and criminal investiga-tions to further his political inter-ests.

Mr. Bolton describes severalepisodes where the president ex-pressed a willingness to halt crim-inal investigations “to, in effect,give personal favors to dictatorshe liked,” citing cases involvingmajor firms in China and Turkey.“The pattern looked like obstruc-tion of justice as a way of life,which we couldn’t accept,” Mr.Bolton writes, saying that he re-ported his concerns to AttorneyGeneral William P. Barr.

Mr. Bolton also adds a strikingnew accusation by describing howMr. Trump overtly linked tarifftalks with China to his own politi-cal fortunes by asking PresidentXi Jinping to buy American agri-cultural products to help him winfarm states in this year’s election.Mr. Trump, he writes, was “plead-ing with Xi to ensure he’d win.”

Mr. Bolton said that Mr. Trump“stressed the importance of farm-ers, and increased Chinese pur-chases of soybeans and wheat inthe electoral outcome.”

The book, “The Room Where ItHappened,” was obtained by TheNew York Times in advance of itsscheduled publication next Tues-day and has already become a po-litical lightning rod in the thick ofan election campaign and a No. 1best seller on Amazon.com evenbefore it hits the bookstores. TheJustice Department went to court

Wednesday for the second timethis week seeking to stop publica-tion even as Mr. Trump’s criticscomplained that Mr. Boltonshould have come forward duringimpeachment proceedings ratherthan save his account for a $2 mil-lion book contract.

While other books by journal-ists, lower-level former aides andeven an anonymous senior officialhave revealed much about theTrump White House, Mr. Bolton’svolume is the first tell-all memoir

by such a high-ranking officialwho participated in major foreignpolicy events and has a lifetime ofconservative credentials. It is awithering portrait of a presidentignorant of even basic facts aboutthe world, susceptible to transpar-ent flattery by authoritarian lead-ers manipulating him and proneto false statements, foul-mouthederuptions and snap decisions thataides try to manage or reverse.

Mr. Trump did not seem toknow, for example, that Britainwas a nuclear power and asked ifFinland was a part of Russia, Mr.Bolton writes. The president

BOLTON BOOK SAYSTRUMP’S OFFENSESEXCEEDED UKRAINE

Alleges President Asked Xi to Buy Cropsto Help Him Win Re-election

By PETER BAKER

John R. Bolton in 2019.DOUG MILLS/THE NEW YORK TIMES

Continued on Page A14

ATLANTA — A former Atlantapolice officer was charged onWednesday with murder and ag-gravated assault in the killing lastweek of a black motorist outside afast-food restaurant, and prosecu-tors revealed chilling new detailsof the late-night encounter, includ-ing that the officer kicked the dy-ing man after shooting him twicein the back.

The former officer, Garrett

Rolfe, faces a total of 11 charges inconnection with the death of themotorist, Rayshard Brooks. Theshooting, which was captured on awidely circulated video, hasprompted the resignation of At-lanta’s police chief and further in-flamed the tensions over race andpolicing that are roiling the nation.

At a news conference onWednesday to announce thecharges, prosecutors said that Mr.Rolfe declared, “I got him,” afterfiring the fatal shots at Mr. Brooks.Mr. Rolfe kicked the victim, pros-ecutors said, while his partnerstood on the fatally wounded

Officer to FaceMurder ChargeIn Atlanta Case

By RICK ROJASand RICHARD FAUSSET

Garrett Rolfe, who was firedafter the shooting last Friday.

ATLANTA POLICE DEPARTMENT

Continued on Page A18

Quaker Oats, which owns the 131-year-old brand, said it would give it a newname and a new image as it worked“toward racial equality.” PAGE B1

BUSINESS B1-7

Retiring Aunt Jemima

Major leaguers could have a 60-gameseason after a meeting by the commis-sioner and the union chief. PAGE B9

SPORTSTHURSDAY B8-10

Play Ball? They Might After All

VOL. CLXIX . . . No. 58,728 © 2020 The New York Times Company THURSDAY, JUNE 18, 2020 Printed in Chicago $3.00

Generally sunny. Very warm. Highsin 80s to lower 90s. Mostly clear to-night. Lows in 60s. Partly sunny to-morrow. Very warm to hot. Highs in80s to 90s. Weather map, Page B14.

National Edition