Exam #2 M 3/8 in class Q&A Fri. 3/5 from 4-6pm in WRW 102
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Transcript of Exam #2 M 3/8 in class Q&A Fri. 3/5 from 4-6pm in WRW 102
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Exam #2 M 3/8 in classQ&A Fri. 3/5 from 4-6pm in WRW 102
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Plants grow and reproduce, as well as, respond to the environment.
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Plants grow and reproduce, respond to the environment… today- transport
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Types of Plant Cells:defined by function and cell wall
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Fig 6.9
Plant cell walls are mostly made of cellulose
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Cellulose is made of glucose
Fig 5.7
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Fig 5.8
Cellulose is made of
glucose
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Fig 5.9
Only a few prokaryotes and fungi can digest cellulose
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Cell walls contain cellulose, pectins, proteins...
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Fig 35.10
60 m
Parenchyma cells- most common cells; primary cell walls
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Fig 35.17Parenchyma in a stem
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Fig35.10
Collenchyma cells- unevenly thickened cell walls; flexible support
80 m
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Collenchyma in a leaf
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Sclerenchyma cells- Thickened secondary walls (inside primary wall); with lignin; rigid
5 m
25 m
Fig 35.10
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Fig 35.10
Water conducting cells of Xylem:
vesselsand
tracheids(types of sclerenchyma)
100 m
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Sugar conducting cells of Phloem: sieve-tubes and companion cells
15 m
30 m
Fig 35.10
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Fig 36.2
Plants transport water in xylem, sugar in phloem, plus minerals and hormones…
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Fig 36.2
Water travels from ground out through stomata via xylem
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Fig 36.2
The exit of water through stomata is accompanied by gas exchange
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Fig 36.2
Sunlight powers photosynthesis and these sugars are transported via phloem
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Fig 36.20
Phloem transport is from source to sink.
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Fig 36.20
Sugar is loaded at sources and unloaded at sinks...
consuming ATP
source:leaf
sink:root, flower, emerging leaf etc…
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Source and sink locations vary...
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The direction of Phloem transport is versatile.
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Fig 36.10
Much of plant support comes from turgor pressure.
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CB 36.15
Water moves from the ground through roots into the shoot and out stomata in the leaves.
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Fig 35.13
In roots the vascular bundle is in the center
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Fig 36.11
Plant cell to cell transport can occur by two pathways: symplastic and apoplastic
plasmodesmata
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Fig 36.12
The casparian strip of the endodermis keeps water from entering the xylem via a purely apoplastic route.
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What moves the water through the xylem?
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Stomata control entry of CO2 and exit of H2O from plant leaves
Stomata
Fig 36.14
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Stomata on the underside of a leaf
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Fig 36.17
Guard cell opening is regulated by turgor
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Fig 36.15
What moves the water through the xylem?Transpiration, Adhesion, Cohesion, andTension
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water transport limits plant growth
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xylem
phloem
More xylem is needed for more water transport: secondary growth
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xylem
phloem
Xylem is tough, and full of lignin- inhibits the ability to use plants to produce biofuels
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Exam #2 M 3/8 in classQ&A Fri. 3/5 from 4-6pm in WRW 102