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Question Bank for Environmental Studies

1 What is meant by environment? Enumerate and discuss its various components.

2 Define natural resources. How will you classify natural resources? Explain major reasons of the resource depletion.

3 Write short notes on:

4 i Causes and effects of deforestation

   ii Effects of mining on environment

   iii Darns-benefits and problems

   iv Advantages and limitations of non-conventional sources of energy.

5 What is ecosystem? With the help of the suitable models explain the energy flow in the ecosystem.

6 Explain the types, characteristic features and functions of forest ecosystem.

7 Write the short notes on

  i Ecological pyramids

  ii Ecological succession

  iii Food Chain and food web

8 What is meant by ‘biodiversity’? Explain the three levels of biodiversity and point out the major threats of biodiversity depleiction.

9 Explain the consumptive, productive, ethical, aesthetic, social and optional value of biodiversity

10 Write short notes on

  i Hotspots of biodiversity

  ii Bio-geographical classification of India

  iii In-situ and Ex-situ conservation.

11 Define water pollution? Discuss its major sources and effects.

12 What is solid waste? Explain the sources and effects of solid waste.

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13 Write short notes on

i Disaster management

ii Air pollution control devices

iii Sources and effects of radioactive pollution.

14 What is watershed? Critically discuss the objectives and practices of watershed management.

15 How do you define pollution as per Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act 1974? What are the salient features of the Act?

16 Write Short notes on

i Ozone layer depletion

ii Human Rights

iii Rain water harvesting

16 What is environmental science? Discuss the multidisciplinary nature of environmental science. How would environment awareness help to protect our environment.

17 What are alternate sources of energy? Describe any two of them

18 Discuss the productive, consumptive and protective functions of forest. What are the major causes of deforestation and its after effects?

19 Write short notes on

i Water conflicts in India

ii Impacts of Mineral extraction on environment.

20 What is ecological succession? Explain the causes, types and process of succession.

21 Define ecosystem. Explain the types, characteristic features, structure and functions of aquatic ecosystem

22 What is food chain and food web? Explain with the help of suitable examples.

23 Differentiate between the

i National park and sanctuary

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ii In-situ and ex-situ conservation

iii Species and genetic biodiversity

iv Endangered and extinct species

24 How is biodiversity valuable for human beings? Explain in brief.

25  With the suitable examples explain how are poaching and human-wildlife conflicts responsible for biodiversity depletion?

26 Discuss the salient features of the hot-spots of Eastern Himalayas and the Western Ghats.

27 India is a mega biodiversity region. Justify it.

28 Write a note on bio-geographical classification of India.

29 What are the major sources of thermal pollution? How can it be controlled?

30 How industrial, domestic, agricultural and other wastes affect the fertility of the soil? Discuss the measures to check it.

31 What is BOD? How is domestic discharge responsible for increasing the BOD level into the stream?

32 What is Water Pollution. Discuss the sources of water pollution

33 Write a note on solid waste management practices.

34 Why do earthquake occur? Suggest the management plan for mitigate the effects of earthquake.

35 What is rainwater harvesting? What are the major objectives for rainwater harvesting? Explain some methodologies for harvesting the rainwater.

36 Discuss the salient features of the

i Wildlife (protection) Act, 1972

ii Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974

iii Environment (Protection) Act, 1986

37 Write short notes on

i Wasteland reclamation

ii Population explosion

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iii Sustainable development

iv Acid rain

38 What are the main objectives of environmental studies?

39 What are the major causes of deforestation? Briefly explain the effects of deforestation on environment.

40 Discuss the benefits and impacts of construction of big dams.

41 How individual efforts are helpful for resource conservation?

42 What is overgrazing and shifting cultivation? How these activities contribute to environmental degradation?

43 Give a brief account of non-conventional resources of energy?

44 What is ecosystem? Discuss the biotic and abiotic components of an ecosystem.

45 What are food chains and food webs? Explain with the help of examples.

46 Discuss the models of energy flow in ecosystem

47 What are biogeochemical cycling? Explain the water cycle with the help of the diagram.

48 What is meant by ecological succession? Discuss the process of succession with the help of hydrosphere.

49 With the help of diagrams explain the different types of ecological pyramids.

50 What is biodiversity? Explain genetic, species and ecosystem diversity. Explain the consumptive and productive value of biodiversity.

51 What are hotspots of biodiversity? Discuss the salient features of the hotspots found in India.

52 What are the major threats to biodiversity? Discuss the In-situ and Ex-situ conservation efforts.

53 Define air pollution? Discuss its sources and effects.

54 What is thermal pollution? Discuss its causes and effects. State the approaches to control it?

55 Write short notes on

i Causes, effects and control of flood

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ii Solid waste management practices

iii Sources, effects and control measures of noise pollution

56 What is global warming? What are its causes and effects? Discuss the measures to control it.

57 What do you mean by population explosion? What are the major reasons of population explosion? What are its effects on environment and other human aspects?

58 Write short notes on the definition and objectives of the following program.

i Sustainable development

ii Rain water harvesting

iii Watershed management

iv Value education

59 Write a short notes on

i Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972

ii HIV/ AIDS

BiosphereDefine the term 1.Name the major habitats present in the biosphere.EnergyWrite a short note on the classification of energy resources.(classification criteria)Distinguish between renewable and non-renewable sources of 1 w/suitableexamples.What is fossil fuel and what are the harmful effects of the combustion of f f? Discuss the statement “Large hydel projects are ecologically disruptive.”Write a short note on OTEC- Ocean Thermal 1 Conversion Technology.Write a few lines describing the generation of 1 from urban/municipal waste.(Biomass, bioenergy)(Geothermal energy, volcano, geysers/hot springs)(Solar, perpetual)(Coal, carbon, volatile matter)(producer gas, methane, co2)(wind energy)

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Distinguish between nuclear fission and nuclear fusion.Explain the statement : ‘Urban people have more energy demand than rural people.’(Resources, meaning of r)Resources, ForestWhat is the importance of 2 1?(benefits)What are the causes of deforestationResources, Land, Soil,What is the importance of - - on Earth?What are the major control measures of 3 erosion?Write a short note on the effects of modern agriculture on the world f problem?(Landslide)(Earthquake)(irrigation, overirrigation, water-logging, soil salinity)

Resources, WaterWhat type of degradation occurs due to extensive use of - - ?What is the future threat to the avalability of fresh 2 on earth?(Ocean, lake, river, underground water)Resources, FoodWhat is 2 security?(famine, reasons)Resources, Mineral(Mining phases, prospecting, exploration, development, exploitation)(Mineral reserves)

Unlimited exploitation

(write a short note on man-engineered ecosystem)(Explain the statement- Natural ecosystem is more stable than man-engineered ecosystem)

Population GrowthPopulation agingDefine Population aging

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Define Birth rateDefine Growth rateJustify the statement ‘1 2 in developing countries is more compared to developed countries’

Fertility rate of reproductive womenDefine 1 2 3 4.

Family welfare, Family planningWhat are the different 1 2 and 3 4 programmes?What are the major objective of 1 2 and 3 4 programmes undertaken by India?

DiseasesWater-borne 1Air-borne 1HIV, AIDSDifferentiate between HIV, AIDS

WomenWhy are 1 considered the worst victims of environmental hazards

Value educationDescribe how environmental values are emphasizes in the Indian Constitution

Information TechnologyName a few applications of 1 2 in environment and human healthWatershedWhat is a 1?How can 1 management solve the problem of depletion of the ground water table?Short note- 1 management

Rainwater harvestingShort note- 1 2

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Biodiesel generationShort note- 1 2

CosumerismExplain how 1 has affected the present society?

Environmental EthicsWhat do you understand by the term 1 2?

Environmental movementsShort note- different 1 2 for the conservation of environmental resources

Environmental protection act, 1986What are the powers provided to the central government by the 1 2 3 4?How are the environmentand Environmental pollution defined in 1 2 3 4?Name five important EPAs in India.

Human rightsWhat are the Indian Laws related to 1 2?

Climate ChangesWhat are the recent 1 2 noticed in the environment?

Acid rainWhat is 1 2?How is it formed?Explain the steps taken to prevent 1 2?What are the effects of acid rain?

Global warmingWhat are the effects of 1 2 on the environmentand what are the means to combat it?

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Short note- Greenhouse gasesShort note- 1 2 and its controlShort note- Ozone layer depletion

Short note-

Environmental policiesDiscuss the 1 2 at the national and state level.

Environment impact assessment- EIAWhat are the objectives of 4?

Nuclear energyExplain the role of 1 2 for the betterment of human civilization

Agenda-21

Green BenchWhat is 1 2?

ActsShort note- Air ActShort note- Water ActShort note- Wild life Act

Smog, fogExplain difference between 1 and 2

Precautionary principleCodification in Earth Summit in 1992

Carbon Trading