EVOLUTION

Unit Target: Communicate scientific information that common ancestry and biological evolution are supported by multiple lines of empirical evidence.

Learning Target: Investigate how a theory develops and may change over time. (skill)

True or False?

Theories never change.False: Theories change as new information

becomes available.

A Theory is a well tested explanation of observations.

True

Which scientific explanation has undergone more testing- a hypothesis or a theory?

A theory.

EVIDENCE FOR EVOLUTION

Name 4 sources of evidence for evolution discussed in class.

1. The fossil record2. Anatomical structures3. Biochemicals such as DNA and amino acids4. Patterns of embryo development

Learning Target: Describe the key ideas formulated by Charles Darwin. (reasoning)

What does each letter stand for?

V I S TVariationInheritanceSelectionTime

Match each of Darwin’s key ideas with a description.

VARIATION

INHERITANCE

SELECTION

TIME

The passing down of traits.

The different characteristics found in a single species.

A unit of measurement reflecting generations of offspring.

More organisms are produced than can survive due to limited resources so the most fit survive.

Match each of Darwin’s key ideas with an example.

VARIATION

INHERITANCE

SELECTION

TIME

One frog has a white belly and one frog has a yellow belly.

After many years, the color of the frog population changed from light to dark.

The dark colored frogs in the pond were camouflaged so they survived and reproduced.

The dark colored frogs passed on their genes to their offspring.

Learning Target: Interpret a model evolutionary tree based on the morphology and age of fossils.

(skill)

What letter represent the oldest common ancestor?

FWhat letter represents the

most recent common ancestor of B and C?

E

How are fossil records evidence for evolution?A. Fossils show changes in species over time.B. Fossils are an example of natural selection.C. Fossils prove the “fitness” of an organism.D. All of the above.

A. By creating evolutionary trees from fossils, scientists can observe the changes that occur in a species over time. Remember- we can determine the age of a fossils through radiometric dating.

Learning Target: Given examples of anatomical structures, determine the type: homologous, analogous or vestigial. (R)

Fill in the blank with: homologous, analogous or vestigial.

Body parts that share a common function but not structure are called __________________.

Body parts in animals that are reduced in size but resemble structures in other organisms are called _________________.

Structures that are shared by related species and are inherited by a common ancestor are called _____________________.

Analogous

Vestigial

Homologous

Match the anatomical structure to the correct example.

Homologous structure

Analogous structure

Vestigial structure

There are 7 vertebra in the neck of a giraffe and the neck of a human.

(similar structures and common ancestor-mammals)

The jointed leg of an insect and the jointed leg of a cow.

(Insects and cows do not share a common ancestor)

Pelvis and limb bones in a snake.(structures are not functional)

How do anatomical structures provide evidence for evolution?

A. They may show evidence of common ancestry.B. They may explain why a structure that is not

functional is present in an organism.C. All structures of all organisms are basically the

same.D. Both A and B are correct.

D.

Target: Analyze amino acids sequences for common patterns among organisms. (skill)

The table shows how many differences there are in the enzyme Cytochrome c in other species compared to humans.

Which species is most like a human in this manner?

ChimpanzeeWhich species is least like

a human?Red bread mold.

How can biochemicals provide evidence for evolution?

A. All living things are basically formed of the same chemicals.

B. All living can produce complex chemicals necessary for life.

C. All living things inherit genes (biochemicals) from their parents.

D. All of the above.

D.

Learning Target: Evaluate current evolutionary studies involving molecular biology. (reasoning)

True of False:DNA is a code.TrueIf we learn the DNA code for each organism we will

be able to determine if species are related.TrueIf we learn how species are genetically related we can

also learn more about how they evolved.True

If similar fossils are found on different continents, what does

that mean about the former position of the continents.

• It is likely that the continents were once connected.