Evolution of the Tropical Forests since 1990 and analysis of the deforestation drivers P hilippe...
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![Page 1: Evolution of the Tropical Forests since 1990 and analysis of the deforestation drivers P hilippe Mayaux, Frédéric Achard, René Beuchle, Hans-Jürgen Stibig,](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070305/5515316f55034673228b57d8/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Evolution of the Tropical Forests since 1990 and analysis of the deforestation drivers
Philippe Mayaux, Frédéric Achard, René Beuchle, Hans-Jürgen Stibig, Hugh D. Eva, Andreas Brink,
Catherine Bodart, Silvia Carboni, Baudouin Desclée, François Donnay, Andrea Lupi, Jukka Miettinen, Rastislav Raši, Roman Seliger, Dario Simonetti
Institute for Environment and SustainabilityJoint Research Centre - European Commission
+ FAO collaborators
+ 150 regional experts
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JRC heritage in tropical forest monitoring
TREES-1 (1992-1997)First reliable maps of the tropical forests
TREES-2 (1997-2003)Global estimates of deforestation
TREES-3 (2007-2013)Regional estimates of deforestation + C emissions
FOROBS (2014-2016)Assessment of forest degradation
OFAC (2007-2016)Regional Observatory for Central African Forests
ReCaREDD (2014-2017) Capacity-building on forest degradation
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Joint FAO/JRC report
Final report released in Dec. 2012
FAO & JRC. 2012 Global forest land-use change
1990–2005
FAO Forestry Paper No. 169. Food and Agriculture Organization of the
United Nations and European Commission Joint Research Centre. Rome, FAO.
http://www.fao.org/forestry/fra/remotesensingsurvey/en/
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1990 2000 2005 2010
FAO/JRC Forest Resource Assessment
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Sub-Saharan Africa 2,045
Central & South America and the Caribbean
1,230
South and Southeast Asia
741
The methodology is based on the analysis of a systematic sample of sitesfor which 30 m resolution satellite data are collected
Systematic sampling of Landsat images at 3 epochs
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Change Map 1990-20001990
2000
No changeChange
From Forest
ChangeTo
Forest
Methodology: Example
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Workshop East Africa
Nairobi (28 Sept- 2 Oct 2009)
12 Experts from 10 countries
4 support staff including 3 JRC
Workshop Central Africa
Kinshasa (28 Sept- 9 Oct 2009)
15 Experts from 7 countries
6 support staff from FAO, UCL & JRC
Workshop West Africa
Dakar (08-13 March 2010)
15 Experts from 14 countries
3 JRC support staff
Workshop Southern Africa
Cape Town (3-7 May 2010)
15 Experts from 8 countries
3 support staff including 2 JRC
Regional TREES-3 Validation Workshops for Africa
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Forest area (106 ha)
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Deforestation estimates (H+D Forests)
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1990-2000
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2000-2010
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Drivers of Change in Southeast Asia
12
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Deforestation drivers in Amazon Basin
Direct drivers• Agro-business: wide range of commodities such as
beef, soy, maize, oil palm, sugar, rice, cacao, coffee, pulp & paper, tobacco.
• Subsistence agriculture (+ fuel wood)• Forest exploitation (timber extraction, artisanal
logging…)• Extractive industries (mining, oil)• Infrastructure and urbanisation
Underlying causes• Population growth and local economic
development• Weak governance structures and law• Global demand for commodities
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Deforestation drivers in Congo Basin
Drivers Importance
Subsistence agriculture Rural and food for cities
Fuel wood & charcoal Rural and peri-urban
Mining, oil Limited extent, but strong impact
Logging in concessions Very low impact
Illegal logging ????
Agro-industry Low impact, but increasing
Infrastructure Limited extent but increasing
Urbanisation Limited extent but increasing
Climate Change Drier climate in coastal part
Underlying causes
Population growth
Local economic development
Weak governance (institutions and law)
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Need for a long-term land-use planning
Category Role Research needs Incentives/ policies
Forests Timber Production
Ecology (regeneration) FLEGT, Lacey Act…REDD+
Forests / plantations
Fuel wood production
Agronomy Carbon credits / CDM
Forests Protection and Conservation
CC mitig. / adapt.Hydrology
REDD+Biodiv. royalties
Forests NTFP, bushmeat Sustainability of proteins provision
Small-scaleAgriculture
Food for rural population
AgronomySocio-economy
Price policy
Agro-industries High revenue Agronomy Market prices, Round tables
Mines, oil Revenue Impact assessment Market prices, EITI
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Kompsat, 4 m resolutionLandsat, 30 m resolution
New data and methods for degradation (RECAREDD)
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Conclusions
• Deforestation is still a hot issue, but political will can reduce the intensity of the phenomenon
• Illegal logging is not a main deforestation driver, bad governance is• Focus on other benefits than VPAs of the FLEGT Action Plan
on other policies • FLEGT must be combined with the others EU policies for a
long-term maintenance of the ecosystem services provided by tropical forests: biodiversity, energy, REDD+, sustainable agriculture, EITI…
• FLEGT is an important process, but the goal is the sustainable provision of services by forests
• Need for an innovative land-use planning policy in terms of local, national and global benefit (which ecosystem services for which beneficiaries?)
• TECHNICAL capacities on forest management are desperately missing
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MerciThank you