Evolution And Diversity Plants
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Transcript of Evolution And Diversity Plants
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Intro to Evolution and Diversity of Life
PLANTS
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Classification Taxonomy
– Branch of zoology and botany that is concerned with classifying and naming
– Organisms are organized into related and unrelated groups
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Classification Why?
– There are a vast array of different kinds of plants and animals
– Assign universally-recognized names– Organize into related groups– Organize on the basis of evolutionary and
genetic relationships
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5 Kingdoms:
PlantsAnimalsProtistaMoneraFungi
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Cells came First
Prokaryotic Cells: Cells without a Nuclei
Eukaryotic Cells: Cells with a Nuclei
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Kingdoms-Monera Prokaryotic, unicellular
– Archaea Mostly unicellular, microscopic
organisms living habitats that have high temperatures or high salt levels
– Bacteria Mostly unicellular microscopic
organisms that include both beneficial bacteria and harmful bacteria, like Streptococcus
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Kingdoms-Protista Eukaryotic, unicellular
– Protists Mostly aquatic, single-celled
organisms Euglena, Paramecium, Amoebas
and Diatoms Pond Life
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5 Kingdoms:
Fungi Plants
AnimalsProtistaMonera
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Kingdom-Fungi
Fungi Molds Mushrooms Smuts Yeasts
Multi-cellular Eukaryotes that form Spores
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Kingdom Animal
HorseCats Insects
Multi-cellular Eukaryotic Animals
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Kingdom-PlantsMulti-cellular Eukaryotic Plants
Mesquite Tree Creosote Bush Carrots Lilies Prickly Pear Wheat Rice
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Plant Kingdom Examples of Divisions in the Plant Kingdom:
– Bryophyta Moss
– Pinophyta (Gymnosperms) Pines
– Magnoliphyta (Angiosperms) Orange tree, rose bush Seed producing plants with true flowers
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Classes Each Division can be separated into
Classes:– Magnoliophyta Division
Magnoliopsida (dicots)
Liliopsida (monocots)
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Using the Taxonomy Guide for Identification
KingdomKingdomDivisionDivisionClassClassOrderOrderFamilyFamilyGenusGenusSpeciesSpecies
PlantaePlantae MagnolophytaMagnolophyta LiliopsidaLiliopsida LilialesLiliales LiliaceaeLiliaceae
AlliumAllium Allium cepa Allium cepa L.L.
Answer: Egyptian onion
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Naming and Classifying Plants
Over 250,000 different kinds of plants
Communicating about plants required a method of naming and classifying
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The Plant Man Carolus Linnaeus (1732)
– Devised system for categorizing plants
– Led to modern system of plant taxonomy
– Published Species Plantarum in 1753.
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Binomial System of Classification
Each plant has a 2-word (binomial) name given in Latin– First refers to plant’s genus– Seconds refers to plant’s species– Latin name understood internationally
Genus and species are italicized– Homo sapiens =human
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Binomial System of Classification
Two words First word is genus (capitalize) Second word is species (underline) Or put both words in italics Example: Homo sapiens=human
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Binomial Names
Common Name:– Southern Magnolia
Latin Binomial Name:– Magnolia grandiflora
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Binomial Names
Common Name:– Saguaro
Latin Binomial Name:– Carnegiea gigantea
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What is a species? A group of individuals capable of
interbreeding and producing fertile offspring.
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Diversity of Life Biologists have identified
about 1.5 million species including
These are just the species that have been identified!
Biologists estimate that there are anywhere from 5 to 30 million species and there are thousands of newly identified species added yearly.