Every living organism is made up of one or more cells · Every living organism is made up of one or...
Transcript of Every living organism is made up of one or more cells · Every living organism is made up of one or...
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Every living organism is made up of one or more cells
So! cells are the basic building blocks of life!
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Cells can be divided into two kinds of cells:
Prokariotic cells&
Eukariotic cells
are cells which have no nucleus
are cells which have a nucleus
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There are 2 types of eukariotic cells:
These are plantand animal cells
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They have some things in common such as:
• All cells have a cell membrane
• Almost all (except red blood cells) have a nucleus
• All have cytoplasm
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All plant cells also have:
•A cell wall•A large central vacuole
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Green plant cellsFrom green leaves
Also contain
Chloroplasts
for photosynthesis
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However! If plant cells come from plant tissue that grows underground, there are
no chloroplasts as the sundoes not reach them.
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All the structures in the cells can be seen
more clearly by using a stain such as…
Iodine solution
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All the structures in the cells have a specific purpose
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Cells: Structure and Function
Cell Structure(Plant and animal
cells)
Description Function
Nucleus Large, normally
spherical structure containing genetic materials (DNA)
Controls cellular activities. Passes information from
generation to generation
Cytoplasm Fluid, jelly-like material
The site of all the chemical reactions and processes that occur in
the cell
Cell membrane
Thin layer surrounding the cytoplasm
Controls the passage of substances into and out
of the cell
Cell Structure
(Found in plant cells only)
Chloroplast (Green plants only)
Discus shaped structure containing green
chlorophyll
Absorbs light energy for the manufacture of carbohydrates during
photosynthesis
Cell wall Outer layer made of a
basket like mesh of cellulose fibres
Supports the cell. Contributes to the
plant’s ability to hold itself upright
Large permanent
vacuole
Fluid filled sac-like structure in the
cytoplasm
Stores water and dissolved sugars and
salts in the form of sap. Regulates the plant’s
water content by osmosis
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