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EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Assessment
Robinvale Plains bioregionEVC 86: Woorinen Sands Mallee
Description:Mallee shrubland to 7 m tall, typically supporting a hummock grass (Triodia spp.) dominated understorey. This EVC could be considered intermediate between the heavier soil mallee woodlands and the lighter sandy soil mallee vegetation predominant on Lowan (siliceous) sand.
Large trees:SpeciesEucalyptus spp.
DBH(cm)15 cm
#/ha30/ha
Tree Canopy Cover:% cover Character Species Common
Name25% Eucalyptus dumosaEucalyptus leptophylla Eucalyptus socialis
Dumosa MalleeSlender-leaf Mallee Grey Mallee
Understorey: Life
#Spp %Cover LF codeMedium Shrub 4 5% MS
Small Shrub 2 10% SSProstrate Shrub 1 5% PSMedium Herb 6 5% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb* 6 5% SHHummock Grass 1 15% HGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 3 5% MTGMedium to Tiny Non–tufted Graminoid 1 1% MNGBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BLSoil Crust na 10% S/C
* Largely seasonal life formTotal understorey projective foliage cover 65%
LF CodeMS
Species typical of at least part of EVC range
Common NameMoonah
MS Myoporum platycarpum SugarwoodMS Dodonaea bursariifolia Small Hop-bushMS Acacia wilhelmiana Dwarf NealieSS Sclerolaena parviflora Mallee CopperburrSS Halgania cyanea Rough HalganiaSS Sclerolaena diacantha Grey CopperburrSS Westringia rigida Stiff WestringiaLH Helichrysum leucopsideum Satin EverlastingLH Waitzia acuminata var. acuminata Orange ImmortelleMH Podolepis capillaris Invisible DaisyMH Goodenia willisiana Sandhill GoodeniaMH Vittadinia dissecta Dissected New Holland DaisyMH Podotheca angustifolia Sticky Long-headsSH Actinobole uliginosum Flannel CudweedSH Calotis hispidula Hairy Burr-daisySH Crassula sieberiana Australian StonecropSH Ptilotus seminudis Rabbit-tailsHG Triodia scariosa Porcupine GrassMTG Austrostipa mollis Supple Spear-grassMTG Lomandra effusa Scented Mat-rushMTG Lomandra leucocephala ssp. robusta Woolly Mat-rushMTG Austrostipa elegantissima Feather Spear-grass
Ecological Vegetation Class bioregion benchmark
EVC 86: Woorinen Sands Mallee – Robinvale Plains bioregion
Recruitment:Continuous
Organic Litter:15% cover
Logs:10m/0.1 ha (note: large log class does not apply)
Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactT Olea europaea Olive high high LH Brassica tournefortii Mediterranean Turnip high high LH Opuntia spp. Prickly Pear high highMH Gazania linearis Gazania high highSC Asparagus asparagoides Bridal Creeper high high
Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment April 2004© The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that:
• the copyright owner is acknowledged;• no official connection is claimed;• the material is made available without charge or at cost; and• the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment.www.dse.vic.gov.au
EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Assessment
Robinvale Plains bioregionEVC 91: Loamy Sands Mallee
Description:Semi-arid low mallee shrubland to 5 m tall, typically supporting scattered shrubs above a hummock grass field layer. Typically occurs on deep drifts of Lowan sands in the lee of ridge systems or occupying dune crests and swales in the parabolic and irregularly arranged dune in the Central Mallee and Sunset Country.
Tree Canopy Cover:% cover Character Species Common
Name25% Eucalyptus incrassataEucalyptus leptophylla Eucalyptus socialis
Yellow MalleeSlender-leaf Mallee Grey Mallee
Understorey: Life form #Spp %Cover LF
codeMedium Shrub 5 20% MSSmall Shrub 5 10% SSLarge Herb 2 1% LHMedium Herb 6 10% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 2 1% SHHummock Grass 1 5% HGLarge Tufted Graminoid 1 1% LTGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 3 5% MTGBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BLSoil Crust na 10% S/CTotal understorey projective foliage cover
60%
LF Code
Species typical of at least part of EVC range
Common NameScrub Cypress-pine
MS Leptospermum coriaceum Mallee Tea-treeMS Acacia ligulata Sandhill WattleMS Bertya mitchellii Mitchell BertyaSS Hibbertia riparia Erect Guinea-flowerSS Hibbertia virgata Twiggy Guinea-flowerSS Halgania cyanea Rough HalganiaSS Brachyloma ericoides ssp. ericoides Brush HeathLH Helichrysum leucopsideum Satin EverlastingMH Podotheca angustifolia Sticky Long-headsMH Millotia tenuifolia var. tenuifolia Soft MillotiaMH Glischrocaryon behrii Golden PennantsMH Podolepis capillaris Invisible PlantSH Actinobole uliginosum Flannel CudweedSH Millotia muelleri Common Bow-flowerSH Calotis hispidula Hairy Burr-daisyHG Triodia scariosa Porcupine GrassLTG Austrostipa mollis Supple Spear-grassMTG Lomandra leucocephala ssp. robusta Woolly Mat-rushMTG Austrodanthonia setacea Bristly Wallaby-grassMTG Lepidosperma viscidum Sticky Sword-sedgeMTG Lomandra collina Pale Mat-rushSC Thysanotus patersonii Twining Fringe-lily
Ecological Vegetation Class bioregion benchmark
EVC 91: Loamy Sands Mallee – Robinvale Plains bioregion
Recruitment:Episodic/Fire. Desirable period between disturbances is 20 years.
Organic Litter:15% cover
Logs:5m/0.1 ha (note: large log class does not apply)
Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactLH Sonchus oleraceus Common Sow-thistle high
low MH Hypochoeris glabra Smooth Cat's-earhigh low
MNG Ehrharta calycina Perennial Veldt Grass high highMNG Vulpia myuros Rat’s-tail Fescue high low SC Asparagus asparagoides Bridal Creeper high
high
Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment April 2004© The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that:
• the copyright owner is acknowledged;• no official connection is claimed;• the material is made available without charge or at cost; and• the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment.
Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should be directed to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002.
For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or www.dse.vic.gov.au
EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Assessment
Robinvale Plains bioregionEVC 96: Ridged Plains MalleeDescription:Open, quite grassy mallee woodland to 10 m tall, typical of the gently undulating “plains” of the Wimmera and Southern Mallee. Soils are somewhat variable but are typically duplex with grey or brown sandy clay loam or clay loam topsoils of aeolian origin.
Large trees:Species DBH(cm) #/haEucalyptus spp.Allocasuarina luehmannii
30 cm40 cm
15/ha
Tree Canopy Cover:% cover Character Species Common
Name10% Eucalyptus dumosaEucalyptus behriana Allocasuarina luehmannii
Dumosa MalleeBull Mallee Buloke
Understorey: Life form #Spp %Cover LF
codeImmature Canopy Tree 5% ITMedium Shrub 3 5% MSSmall Shrub 3 10% SSProstrate Shrub 1 1% PSLarge Herb 2 5% LHMedium Herb* 5 10% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb* 5 15% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 1 5% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 1% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 3 20% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 1 1% MNGBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BLSoil Crust na 20% S/C
* Largely seasonal lifeform
LF Code
Species typical of at least part of EVC range
Common NameMyall
MS Acacia oswaldii Umbrella WattleMS Eremophila longifolia BerriganSS Maireana brevifolia Short-leaf BluebushSS Sclerolaena diacantha Grey CopperburrSS Rhagodia spinescens Hedge SaltbushSS Enchylaena tomentosa var. tomentosa Ruby SaltbushPS Atriplex semibaccata Berry SaltbushMH Einadia nutans ssp. nutans Nodding SaltbushMH Maireana enchylaenoides Wingless BluebushMH Maireana excavata Bottle BluebushMH Maireana enchylaenoides Wingless BluebushSH Chenopodium desertorum Frosted GoosefootSH Oxalis perennans Grassland Wood-sorrelSH Brachyscome lineariloba Hard-head DaisySH Hyalosperma spp. SunrayLTG Austrostipa aristiglumis Plains GrassMTG Austrodanthonia setacea Bristly Wallaby-grassMTG Austrodanthonia caespitosa Common Wallaby-grassMTG Austrostipa scabra Rough Spear-grass
LNG
Austrostipa platychaeta Flat-awned Spear-grassM
NGAustrostipa elegantissima Feather Spear-grass
Ecological Vegetation Class bioregion benchmark
EVC 96: Ridged Plains Mallee – Robinvale Plains bioregion
Recruitment:Continuous
Organic Litter:5% cover
Logs:5m/0.1 ha.
Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactMTG Critesion murinum Barley-grass high lowMTG Bromus diandrus Great Brome high highMNG Bromus rubens Red Brome high highMH Marrubium vulgare Horehound high highMNG Vulpia spp. Fescue high lowMS Lycium ferocissimum Boxthorn high high
Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment May 2004© The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that:
• the copyright owner is acknowledged;• no official connection is claimed;• the material is made available without charge or at cost; and• the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment.
Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should be directed to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002.
For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequence which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication.www.dse.vic.gov.au
EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Assessment
Robinvale Plains bioregionEVC 97: Semi-arid Woodland
Description:Non-eucalypt woodland or open forest to 12 m tall, of low rainfall areas. Occurs in a range of somewhat elevated positions not subject to flooding or inundation. The surface soils are typically light textured loamy sands or sandy loams.
Large trees: Species
DBH(cm) #/haCasuarina spp.Allocasuarina spp.Callitris spp.Myoporum platycarpum
40 cm40 cm40 cm35 cm
20/ha
Tree Canopy Cover:% cover Character Species Common
Name20% Casuarina pauperAllocasuarina luehmannii Callitris gracilis ssp. murrayensisMyoporum platycarpum
BelahBulokeSlender Cypress-pine Sugarwood
Understorey: Life formImmature Canopy Tree
#Spp %Cover5%
LF codeITMedium Shrub 5 15% MS
Small Shrub 5 20% SSLarge Herb* 2 5% LHMedium Herb* 7 5% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb* 2 5% SHMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 2 10% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 1 1% MNGBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BLSoil Crust na 20% S/C
* Largely seasonal life formTotal understorey projective foliage cover 75%
LF Code
Species typical of at least part of EVC range
Common NameCattle Bush
MS Acacia oswaldii Umbrella WattleMS Hakea tephrosperma Hooked NeedlewoodMS Hakea leucoptera ssp. leucoptera Silver NeedlewoodSS Enchylaena tomentosa var. tomentosa Ruby SaltbushSS Sclerolaena diacantha Grey CopperburrSS Olearia pimeleoides Pimelea Daisy-bushSS Rhagodia spinescens Hedge SaltbushMH Einadia nutans ssp. nutans Nodding SaltbushMH Vittadinia dissecta s.l. Dissected New Holland DaisyMH Calandrinia eremaea Small PurslaneMH Crassula colorata Dense CrassulaSH Actinobole uliginosum Flannel CudweedMTG Austrodanthonia caespitosa Common Wallaby-grassMTG Austrostipa spp. Spear-grass
MNG
Austrostipa elegantissima Feather Spear-grass
Ecological Vegetation Class bioregion benchmark
EVC 97: Semi-arid Woodland – Robinvale Plains bioregion
Recruitment:Continuous
Organic Litter:20% cover
Logs:20m/0.1 ha.
Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactLH Brassica tournefortii Mediterranean Turnip high highLH Reichardia tingitana Reichardia high lowMH Silene spp. Catchfly high highSH Medicago minima Little Medic high highMTG Schismus barbatus Arabian Grass high
high MTG Pentaschistis airoides ssp. airoidesFalse Hair-grass high high
MNG Bromus rubens Red Brome high highMNG Vulpia myuros Rat's-tail Fescue high
high MNG Critesion murinum subsp. glaucumBlue Barley-grass high high
SC Asparagus asparagoides Bridal Creeper high high
Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment April 2004© The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that:
• the copyright owner is acknowledged;• no official connection is claimed;• the material is made available without charge or at cost; and• the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment.
Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should be directed to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002.
For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or www.dse.vic.gov.au
EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Assessment
Robinvale Plains bioregionEVC 98: Semi-arid Chenopod Woodland
Description:Sparse, low non-eucalypt woodland to 12 m tall of the arid zone with a tall open chenopod shrub-dominated understorey or a treeless, tall chenopod shrubland to 3 m tall. This EVC may occur as either a woodland (typically with a very open structure but tree cover >10%) or a shrubland (tree cover <10%) with trees as an occasional emergent.+ woodland onl y components (ignore when assessing shrubland areas and standardise final score as appropriate)
Large trees+:Species DBH(cm) #/haCasuarina pauperAllocasuarina luehmannii Callitris gracilisMyoporum platycarpum
40 cm40 cm40 cm35 cm
15/ha
Tree Canopy Cover+:% cover Character Species Common
Name15% Casuarina pauperAllocasuarina luehmannii Myoporum platycarpum
BelahBuloke SugarwoodSlender Native
Understorey: Life form #Spp %Cover LF
codeImmature Canopy Tree+ 5% ITUnderstorey Tree or Large Shrub+ 3 10% TMedium Shrub 2 40% MSSmall Shrub 4 15% SSProstrate Shrub 1 1% PSLarge Herb* 2 5% LHMedium Herb* 6 15% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb* 8 15% SHLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 5% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 2 5% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 1 1% MNGBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BLSoil Crust na 30% S/C
* Largely seasonal life form
Ecological Vegetation Class bioregion benchmark
EVC 98: Semi-arid Chenopod Woodland - Robinvale Plains bioregion
LF Code Species typical of at least part of EVC range Common NameT+ Alectryon oleifolius ssp. canescens CattlebushT+ Acacia melvillei MyallT+ Hakea leucoptera ssp. leucoptera Silver NeedlewoodMS Maireana pyramidata Shrubby BluebushMS Maireana sedifolia Pearl BluebushMS Atriplex nummularia Old Man SaltbushMS Nitraria billardierei Nitre-bushSS Sclerolaena obliquicuspis Limestone CopperburrSS Sclerolaena tricuspis Three-spined BassiaSS Sclerolaena divaricata Tangled BassiaSS Enchylaena tomentosa var. tomentosa Ruby SaltbushPS Sclerochlamys brachyptera Short-wing SaltbushLH Polycalymma stuartii Poached-egg DaisyMH Brachyscome lineariloba Hard-head DaisyMH Osteocarpum acropterum var. deminutum BabbagiaMH Zygophyllum crenatum Hard-head DaisyMH Zygophyllum ammophilum Sand Twin-leafSH Calotis hispidula Hairy Burr-daisySH Plagiobothrys elachanthus Hairy Forget-me-notSH Isoetopsis graminifolia Grass CushionSH Pogonolepis muelleriana Stiff Cup-flower
Recruitment:Continuous
Organic Litter:5% in shrubland15% in woodland.
Logs+:5m/0.1ha
Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactLH Sonchus oleraceus Common Sow-thistle high low LH Brassica tournefortii Mediterranean Turnip high
high LH Salvia verbenaca Wild Sagehigh high LH Sisymbrium
erysimoides Smooth Mustard high high MHReichardia tingitana False Sow-thistle low low
MH Limonium spp. Sea-lavender highhigh
MH Silene apetala var. apetala Sand Catchfly highhigh MH Erodium cicutarium Common
Heron's-bill high lowMH Carrichtera annua Ward’s Weed high highSH Medicago minima Little Medic high highMTG Schismus barbatus Arabian Grass high
high MTG Critesion murinum ssp. glaucumBlue Barley-grass high high
MNG Bromus rubens Red Brome high highMNG Vulpia spp. high high
Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment May 2004© The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that:
• the copyright owner is acknowledged;• no official connection is claimed;• the material is made available without charge or at cost; and• the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment.
Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should be directed to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002.
www.dse.vic.gov.au
EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Assessment
Robinvale Plain Bioregion
EVC 98_61: Non-treed Semi-arid Chenopod WoodlandDescription:Sparse, low non-eucalypt woodland to 12 m tall of the arid zone with a tall open chenopod shrub-dominated understorey or a treeless, tall chenopod shrubland to 3 m tall. This EVC may occur as either a woodland (typically with a very open structure but tree cover >10%) or a shrubland (tree cover <10%) with trees as an occasional emergent.
Understorey: Lifeform Medium Shrub Small Shrub Prostrate Shrub Large Herb* Medium Herb*Small or Prostrate Herb* Large Non-Tufted GraminoidMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid Medium to Tiny Non-Tufted Graminoid
#Spp %Cover LF Code2 40% MS4 15% SS1 1% PS2 5% LH6 15% MH8 15% SH1 5% LNG2 5% MTG1 1% MNG
Bryophytes/Lichens 10% BLSoil Crust 30% S/C
*Largely seasonal lifeform
LF CodeMS
Species typical of at least part of EVC rangeAtriplex nummularia
Common NameOld-man Saltbush
MS Maireana pyramidata Sago BushMS r Maireana sedifolia Pearl BluebushMS Nitraria billardierei Nitre-bushSS Enchylaena tomentosa var. tomentosa Ruby SaltbushSS k Sclerolaena divaricata Tangled CopperburrSS Sclerolaena obliquicuspis Limestone CopperburrSS Sclerolaena tricuspis Streaked CopperburrPS Sclerochlamys brachyptera Short-wing SaltbushLH Polycalymma stuartii Poached-eggs DaisyMH Brachyscome lineariloba Hard-head DaisyMH Osteocarpum acropterum var. deminutum BabbagiaMH Zygophyllum ammophilum Sand Twin-leafMH Zygophyllum crenatum Notched Twin-leafSH Calotis hispidula Hairy Burr-daisySH Isoetopsis graminifolia Grass CushionSH Plagiobothrys elachanthus Hairy Forget-me-notSH Pogonolepis muelleriana Stiff Cup-flowerLNG Various spp.MTG Various spp.MNG Various spp.
Ecological Vegetation Class Bioregion Benchmark
EVC 98_61: Non-treed Semi-arid Chenopod Woodland
Recruitment:Continuous.
Organic Litter:5 % cover
Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactMTG Hordeum glaucum Northern Barley-grass high highMNG Bromus rubens Red Brome high highLH Salvia verbenaca Wild Sage high highMH Carrichtera annua Ward's Weed high highMH Limonium spp. Sea Lavender high highMNG Vulpia spp. Fescue high highLH Brassica tournefortii Mediterranean Turnip high highMTG Schismus barbatus Arabian Grass high high LH Sisymbrium erysimoides Smooth Mustard high high LH Sonchus oleraceus Common Sow-thistle high lowMH Erodium cicutarium Common Heron's-bill high lowMH Reichardia tingitana False Sow-thistle low low MH Silene apetala var. apetala Mallee Catchfly high high SH Medicago minima Little Medic high high
Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment© The State of Victoria Government Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-comercial is authorised, on condition that:• the copyright owner is acknowledged;• no official connection is claimed;• the material is made available without charge or cost; and• the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment.
Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should be directed to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson St, East Melbourne, Victoria 3002.
For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186
This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss, of other consequences which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication.
www.dse.vic.gov.au
EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Assessment
Robinvale Plains bioregionEVC 102: Low Chenopod Shrubland
Description:Chenopod shrubland to 1.5 m tall occupying broad, flat alluvial terraces occur along the Murray River, west from Mildura to the border. The ground layer is characterized by succulents and a suite of annual herbs.
Life Forms: Life
#Spp %Cover LF codeMedium Shrub 1 5% MS
Small Shrub 7 20% SSProstrate Shrub 1 5% PSLarge Herb 2 1% LHMedium Herb 10 25% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 4 15% SHMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 2 5% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 1 5% MNGBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BLSoil Crust na 10% S/C
LF Code
Species typical of at least part of EVC range
Common NameNitre-bush
SS Sclerolaena tricuspis Streaked CopperburrSS r Pachycornia triandra Desert Glasswort
SS Atriplex lindleyi Flat-top SaltbushSS Atriplex vesicaria Bladder SaltbushPS Sclerochlamys brachyptera Short-wing
SaltbushLH Salsola tragus Prickly SaltwortMH Crassula colorata Dense CrassulaMH Brachyscome lineariloba Hard-head DaisyMH Plantago cunninghamii Clay PlantainMH Senecio glossanthus Slender GroundselSH Disphyma crassifolium ssp. clavellatum Rounded Noon-
flowerSH Calotis hispidula Hairy Burr-daisySH Isoetopsis graminifolia Grass CushionSH Pogonolepis muelleriana Stiff Cup-flower
Recruitment:
Continuous
Organic Litter:
20% cover
Weediness: LF
Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactLHLH MH MH MH SH MTG MTG MTG
Sonchus oleraceusBrassica tournefortii Spergularia diandraSpergularia rubra s.l. Reichardia tingitana Medicago minimaVulpia bromoides Schismus
Common Sow-thistleMediterranean Turnip Lesser Sand-spurrey Red Sand-spurrey False Sow-thistle Little MedicSquirrel-tail Fescue Arabian GrassBlue Barley-grass Golden-
highhigh high high high high
lowhigh low low low low low low low high
Ecological Vegetation Class bioregion benchmark
EVC 102: Low Chenopod Shrubland - Robinvale Plains bioregion
Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment April 2004© The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that:
• the copyright owner is acknowledged;• no official connection is claimed;• the material is made available without charge or at cost; and• the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment.
Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should be directed to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002.
For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequence which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication.www.dse.vic.gov.au
EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Assessment
Robinvale Plains bioregionEVC 103: Riverine Chenopod Woodland (syn. Black Box Chenopod Woodland)
Description:Eucalypt woodland to 15 m tall with a diverse shrubby and grassy understorey occurring on most elevated riverine terraces. Confined to heavy clay soils on higher level terraces within or on the margins of riverine floodplains (or former floodplains),naturally subject to only extremely infrequent incidental shallow flooding from major events if at all flooded.
Large trees:SpeciesEucalyptus largiflorens
DBH(cm)40 cm
#/ha5/ha
Tree Canopy Cover:%cover Character Species Common
Name10% Eucalyptus largiflorensAcacia stenophylla
Black BoxRiver Coobah
Understorey: Life
#Spp %Cover5%
LF codeITMedium Shrub 3 30% MS
Small Shrub 5 25% SSProstrate Shrub 1 1% PSMedium Herb 5 5% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb* 5 10% SHMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 2 5% MTG
* Largely seasonal life formTotal understorey projective foliage cover 50%
LF Code
Species typical of at least part of EVC range
Common NameOld-man Saltbush
MS Chenopodium nitrariaceum Nitre GoosefootMS Eremophila divaricata ssp. divaricata Spreading Emu-
bushSS Sclerolaena tricuspis Streaked CopperburrSS Enchylaena tomentosa var. tomentosa Ruby Saltbush
SS Atriplex lindleyi Flat-top SaltbushSS Rhagodia spinescens Hedge SaltbushPS Sclerochlamys brachyptera Short-wing
SaltbushMH Einadia nutans ssp. nutans Nodding SaltbushMH Calocephalus sonderi Pale Beauty-headsMH Senecio glossanthus Slender GroundselMH Brachyscome lineariloba Hard-head DaisySH Disphyma crassifolium ssp. clavellatum Rounded Noon-
flowerSH Maireana pentagona Hairy Bluebush
Recruitment:Continuous
Organic Litter:10 % cover
Logs:5m/0.1 ha.
Ecological Vegetation Class bioregion benchmark
EVC 103: Riverine Chenopod Woodland (syn. Black Box Chenopod Woodland) - Robinvale Plains bioregion
Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactT Olea europaea subsp. europaea Olive low highMS Lycium ferocissimum Boxthorn low
high LH Sisymbrium erysimoides Smooth Mustardhigh high
LH Critesion spp. Barley-grass high lowLH Gazania linearis Gazania high highLH Opuntia spp. Prickly Pear low highLH Sisymbrium irio London Mustard high
high LH Psilocaulon granulicaule Noon-flowerhigh high
MH Limonium sinuatum Notch-leaf Sea-lavender highhigh MH Limonium lobatum Winged Sea-
lavender high highMH Trifolium arvense var. arvense Hare's-foot Clover high low MH Mesembryanthemum nodiflora Ice-plant high
highMH Carrichtera annua Ward’s Weed high highMH Marrubium vulgare Horehound high
high MH Carpobrotus aequilaterus Angled Pigfacelow high
MH Silene apetala var. apetala Sand Catchfly high lowMH Medicago spp. Medic high lowMH Oxalis pes-caprae Soursob high highMH Silene gallica French Catchfly high lowMH Silene nocturna Mediterranean Catchfly high low SH Mesembryanthemum crystallinum Common Ice-plant high
highMTG Vulpia bromoides Squirrel-tail Fescue high highMTG Lolium rigidum Wimmera Rye-grass high low MTG Asphodelus fistulosus Onion Weed high
highMNG Bromus rubens Red Brome high highMNG Vulpia myuros Rat's-tail Fescue high lowMNG Bromus spp. Brome high highMNG Schismus barbatus Arabian Grass high low SC Asparagus asparagoides Bridal Creeper high
high
Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment April 2004© The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that:
• the copyright owner is acknowledged;• no official connection is claimed;www.dse.vic.gov.au
EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Assessment
Robinvale Plains bioregionEVC 104: Lignum Swamp
Description:Typically treeless shrubland to 4 m tall, with robust (but sometimes patchy) growth of lignum. Widespread wetland vegetation type in low rainfall areas on heavy soils, subject to infrequent inundation resulting from overbank flows from rivers or local runoff.
Life forms: Life
#Spp %Cover LF codeMedium Shrub 1 20% MS
Large Herb* 4 5% LHMedium Herb* 8 25% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb* 2 10% SHLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 5% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 2 5% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid* 2 5% MNGScrambler or Climber 1 1% SCSoil crust* na 10% S/C
* Largely seasonal life formTotal understorey projective foliage cover 75%
LF Code
Species typical of at least part of EVC range
Common Name
MS Chenopodium nitrariaceum Nitre GoosefootSS Sclerolaena tricuspis Three-spined
BassiaSS Sclerolaena muricata Five-spined BassiaLH Rumex spp. Dock
MH Marsilea drummondii Common NardooMH Goodenia spp. GoodeniaMH Ranunculus spp. ButtercupLNG Eragrostis australasica Cane GrassMNG Eragrostis infecunda Barren Cane
grassMTG Juncus spp. RushMNG Eleocharis spp. Spike-sedgeSC Asperula gemella Twin-leaf
BedstrawRecruitment:
Continuous
Organic Litter:5% cover
Weediness:LF Code
SHTypical Weed SpeciesPhyla canescens
Common NameLippia
Invasivehigh
Impacthigh
Ecological Vegetation Class bioregion benchmark
EVC 104: Lignum Swamp – Robinvale Plains bioregion
Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment October 2005© The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that:
• the copyright owner is acknowledged;• no official connection is claimed;• the material is made available without charge or at cost; and• the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment.
Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should bedirected to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002.
For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequence which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication.www.dse.vic.gov.au
EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Assessment
Robinvale Plains bioregionEVC 106: Grassy Riverine Forest
Description:Occurs on the floodplain of major rivers, in a slightly elevated position where floods are infrequent, on deposited silts and sands, forming fertile alluvial soils. River Red Gum forest to 25 m tall with a groundlayer dominated by tussock-forming graminoids. Occasional tall shrubs present.
Large trees:SpeciesEucalyptus spp.
DBH(cm)90 cm
#/ha20 / ha
Tree Canopy Cover:%cover Character Species Common
Name30% Eucalyptus camaldulensis River Red-gum
Understorey: Life form #Spp %Cover LF
codeImmature Canopy Tree 5% ITUnderstorey Tree or Large Shrub 2 10% TLarge Herb 3 5% LHMedium Herb 7 10% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 1 5% SHMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 2 15% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 1 1% MNGBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BL
LF CodeT
Species typical of at least part of EVC range
Common NameEumong
MS Muehlenbeckia florulenta Tangled LignumLH Wahlenbergia fluminalis River BluebellMH Centipeda cunninghamii Common
SneezeweedMH Haloragis aspera Rough RaspwortMH Oxalis perennans Grassland Wood-
sorrelMH Persicaria prostrata Creeping KnotweedSH Lobelia concolor Poison PratiaSH Chamaesyce drummondii Flat SpurgeMTG Setaria jubiflora Warrego Summer-
grassMNG Cynodon dactylon Couch
Recruitment:
Continuous
Organic Litter:40 % cover
Logs:30 m/0.1
ha.
Ecological Vegetation Class bioregion benchmark
EVC 106: Grassy Riverine Forest - Robinvale Plains bioregion
Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactLH Cirsium vulgare Spear Thistle high lowLH Sonchus oleraceus Common Sow-thistle high lowLH Sonchus asper s.l. Rough Sow-thistle high lowLH Lactuca serriola Prickly Lettuce high highLH Malva parviflora Small-flower Mallow high
high LH Xanthium strumarium spp. agg. Noogoora Burr species aggregate high highLH Xanthium spinosum Bathurst Burr high highLH Chondrilla juncea Skeleton Weed high highMH Hypochoeris glabra Smooth Cat's-ear high
low MH Silene apetala var. apetala Mallee Catchflyhigh low
MH Verbena supina Trailing Verbena high highMH Reichardia tingitana False Sow-thistle high lowSH Medicago minima Little Medic high lowSH Medicago polymorpha Burr Medic high low SH Polygonum aviculare s.l. Prostrate Knotweed high
highMTG Pentaschistis airoides ssp. airoides False Hair-grass high lowMTG Lolium rigidum Wimmera Rye-grass high lowMTG Critesion marinum Sea Barley-grass high lowMNG Vulpia myuros Rat's-tail Fescue high low
Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment April 2004© The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that:
• the copyright owner is acknowledged;• no official connection is claimed;• the material is made available without charge or at cost; and• the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment.
Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should be directed to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002.
For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186www.dse.vic.gov.au
EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Assessment
Robinvale Plains bioregionEVC 107: Lake Bed Herbland
Description:Herbland or shrubland to 0.5 m tall dominated by species adapted to drying mud within lake beds. Some evade periods of prolonged inundation as seed, others as dormant tuber-like rootstocks. Occupies drying deep-cracking mud of lakes on floodplains. Floods are intermittent but water may be retained for several seasons leading to active growth at the ‘drying mud stage’.
Life forms:Life form #Spp %Cover LF
codeMedium Shrub 2 5% MSSmall Shrub 2 5% SSMedium Herb* 3 25% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb* 3 20% SHMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 2 5% MTG
* Largely seasonal life formTotal understorey projective foliage cover 60%
LF Code
Species typical of at least part of EVC range
Common Name
MS Solanum simile OondorooSS Glycyrrhiza acanthocarpa Southern
LiquoriceSS Muehlenbeckia horrida ssp. horrida Spiny LignumMH Chenopodium pumilio Clammy
GoosefootMH Chenopodium glaucum Glaucous GoosefootSH Glossostigma elatinoides Small Mud-mat
SH Glinus lotoides Hairy Carpet-weedSH Mukia micrantha Mallee Cucumber
Recruitment:
Episodic/Flood. Desirable period between disturbances is 10 years.
Organic Litter:5% cover
Weediness:There are no consistent weeds in this EVC.
Ecological Vegetation Class bioregion benchmark
EVC 107: Lake Bed Herbland - Robinvale Plains bioregion
Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment May 2004© The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that:
• the copyright owner is acknowledged;• no official connection is claimed;• the material is made available without charge or at cost; and• the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment.
Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should be directed to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002.
For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequence which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication.www.dse.vic.gov.au
EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Assessment
Robinavle Plains bioregionEVC 132: Plains Grassland
Description:Treeless vegetation dominated by largely grass and herb life forms. Shrubs and trees may be also occasionally present.
Life forms: Life
#Spp %Cover LF codeSmall Shrub 2 5% SS
Large Herb 3 5% LHMedium Herb* 10 20% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb* 3 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 1 5% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 5% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 10 30% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid* 2 5% MNGBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BLSoil Crust na 20% S/C
* Largely seasonal life form
LF Code
Species typical of at least part of EVC range
Common NameUmbrella Wattle
SS Sclerolaena diacantha Grey CopperburrSS Maireana decalvans Black Cotton-bushSS Pimelea curviflora s.s. Curved Rice-flowerLH Ptilotus exaltatus Mulla MullaLH Eryngium ovinum Blue DevilLH Calocephalus citreus Lemon Beauty-
headsMH Calotis scabiosifolia Rough Burr-daisyMH Goodenia pinnatifida Cut-leaf GoodeniaMH Sida corrugata Variable SidaSH Maireana pentagona Hairy BluebushSH Chamaesyce drummondii Flat SpurgeSH Pogonolepis muelleriana Stiff Cup-flowerLTG Austrostipa aristiglumis Plump Spear-grassMTG Austrostipa scabra Rough Spear-grassMTG Austrostipa nodosa Knotty Spear-
grassMTG Whalleya proluta Rigid PanicSC Convolvulus erubescens spp. agg. Pink Bindweed
Recruitment:Episodic/Fire or Grazing. Desirable period between disturbances is 5 years.
Organic Litter:
10% cover
Ecological Vegetation Class bioregion benchmark
EVC 132: Plains Grassland – Robinvale Plains bioregion
Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactMS Lycium ferocissimum Boxthorn high highLH Helminthotheca echioides Ox-tongue high
low LH Lepidium africanum Common Peppercresshigh lowLH Salvia verbenaca Wild Sage high highLH Echium plantagineum Patterson’s Curse high highLH Sisymbrium irio London Rocket high highLH Marrubium vulgare Horehound high highLNG Avena fatua Wild Oat high highMH Limonium sinuatum Wild Oat high highMH Arctotheca calendula Cape Weed high highMH Hypochoeris glabra Smooth Cat's-ear high lowMH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high lowMH Oxalis pes-caprae Soursob high highMH Plantago coronopus Buck's-horn Plantain high highMH Spergularia rubra s.l. Red Sand-spurrey high low MH Trifolium angustifolium var. angustifoliumNarrow-leaf Clover high
high MH Trifolium arvense var. arvenseHare's-foot Clover high high MHTrifolium campestre var. campestre Hop Clover highhigh MH Trifolium striatum Knotted Cloverhigh low
MH Trifolium subterraneum Subterranean Clover high lowMH Hedypnois cretica Cretan Hedypnois high highMNG Aira cupaniana Quicksilver Grass high lowMNG Avena barbata Bearded Oat high high MNG Brachypodium distachyon False Brome high high MNG Juncus capitatus Capitate Rush high highMNG Vulpia muralis Wall Fescue high highMNG Vulpia myuros Rat's-tail Fescue high highMTG Bromus diandrus Great Brome high highMTG Critesion hystrix Mediterranean Barley-grass high highMTG Critesion murinum Barley-grass high highMTG Lolium rigidum Wimmera Rye-grass high
high MTG Pentaschistis airoides ssp. airoidesFalse Hair-grass high low MTG Poa
bulbosa Bulbous Meadow-grass high highMTG Romulea minutiflora Small-flower Onion-grass high highMTG Romulea rosea Onion Grass high highMTG Vulpia bromoides Squirrel-tail Fescue high highSH Medicago minima Little Medic high highSH Medicago polymorpha Burr Medic high highSH Trifolium glomeratum Cluster Clover high low
Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment December 2004© The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that:
• the copyright owner is acknowledged;• no official connection is claimed;• the material is made available without charge or at cost; and• the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment.
Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should bewww.dse.vic.gov.au
EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Assessment
Robinvale Plains bioregionEVC 158: Chenopod Mallee
Description:Open to very open mallee woodland to 12 m tall (almost invariably dominated by Eucalyptus gracilis) supported by thin Woorinen deposits typically overlying gypsiferous and sodic clays. Characterised by the dominance of saltbushes and semi- succulent understorey shrubs.
Large trees:Species DBH(cm) #/haEucalyptus spp. 20 cm 20/ha
Tree Canopy Cover:% cover Character Species Common
Name20% Eucalyptus gracilisEucalyptus oleosa ssp. oleosa Eucalyptus dumosa
YorrellOil Mallee Dumosa Mallee
Understorey:Life formImmature Canopy Tree
#Spp %Cover5%
LF code
Medium Shrub 1 5% MSSmall Shrub 8 40% SSMedium Herb 3 5% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 2 10% SHBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BLSoil Crust na 15% S/CTotal understorey projective foliage cover
65%
LF Code
Species typical of at least part of EVC range
Common NameBlack Bluebush
SS Atriplex lindleyi BaldooSS Atriplex vesicaria ssp. variabilis Bladder Salt-bushSS Zygophyllum aurantiacum ssp. aurantiacum Shrubby Twin-leafSS Nitraria billardierei Nitre-bushMH Eriochiton sclerolaenoides Woolly-fruit
BluebushMH Zygophyllum apiculatum Pointed Twin-leafMH Zygophyllum crenatum Notched Twin-leafSH Calandrinia eremaea Small PurslaneSH Disphyma crassifolium ssp. clavellatum Rounded Noon-
flowerRecruitment:
Continuous (excluding overstorey)
Organic Litter:10 % cover
Logs:20m/0.1 ha. (note: large log class does not apply)
Ecological Vegetation Class bioregion benchmark
EVC 158: Chenopod Mallee - Robinvale Plains bioregion
Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactLH Opuntia spp. Prickly Pear low highLH Psilocaulon granulicaule Noon-flower high highLH Gazania linearis Gazania high highLH Salvia verbenaca var. vernalis Wild Sage high
high LH Critesion murinum subsp. leporinumWall Barley-grass high low
LH Sisymbrium erysimoides Smooth Mustard highhigh MH Carpobrotus aequilaterus Angled Pigfacelow high
MH Brassica tournefortii Mediterranean Turnip highhigh MH Mesembryanthemum nodiflora Ice-
plant high highMH Carrichtera annua Ward’s Weed high highMH Marrubium vulgare Horehound high
high SH Mesembryanthemum crystallinumCommon Ice-plant high high
MTG Lolium rigidum Wimmera Rye-grass high lowMNG Schismus barbatus Arabian Grass high highMNG Bromus spp. Brome high highSC Asparagus asparagoides Bridal Creeper high high
Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment April 2004© The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that:
• the copyright owner is acknowledged;• no official connection is claimed;• the material is made available without charge or at cost; and• the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment.
Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should be directed to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002.www.dse.vic.gov.au
EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Assessment
Robinvale Plains bioregionEVC 295: Riverine Grassy Woodland
Description:Occurs on the floodplain of major rivers, in a slightly elevated position where floods are rare, on deposited silts and sands, forming fertile alluvial soils. River Red Gum woodland to 20 m tall with a groundlayer dominated by graminoids and sometimes lightly shrubby or with chenopod shrubs.
Large trees:SpeciesEucalyptus spp.
DBH(cm)80 cm
#/ha15 / ha
Tree Canopy Cover:%cover Character Species Common
Name20% Eucalyptus camaldulensisEucalyptus largiflorens
River Red-gumBlack Box
Understorey: Life form
#Spp %Cover LF codeImmature Canopy Tree 5% IT
Small Shrub 4 10% SSLarge Herb 4 10 LHMedium Herb 2 10% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 5 10% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 1 1% LTGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 5 20% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 5% MNGBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BLTotal understorey projective foliage cover
75%
LF Code
Species typical of at least part of EVC range
Common Name
SS Enchylaena tomentosa var. tomentosa Ruby SaltbushSS Maireana decalvans Black Cotton-bushSS Chenopodium curvispicatum Cottony SaltbushLH Wahlenbergia fuminalis River BluebellLH Rumex brownii Slender DockLH Senecio quadridentatus Cotton FireweedMH Einadia nutans ssp. nutans Nodding SaltbushMH Atriplex semibaccata Berry SaltbushMH Atriplex eardleyae Small SaltbushMH Sida corrugata Variable SidaMTG Austrodanthonia setacea Bristly Wallaby-
grassMTG Austrostipa scabra Rough Spear-grassMTG Carex inversa Knob Sedge
MTG Juncus subsecundus Finger Rush
Recruitment:Continuous
Organic Litter:
10 % cover
Logs:20 m/0.1 ha.
Ecological Vegetation Class bioregion benchmark
EVC 295: Riverine Grassy Woodland – Robinvale Plains bioregion
Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive
Impact MTG Bromus hordaceus ssp. hordaceus Soft Brome high high MTG Critesion murinum ssp. leporinum Wall Barley-grass high high MNG Bromus rubens Red Brome high high
Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment December 2004© The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that:
• the copyright owner is acknowledged;• no official connection is claimed;• the material is made available without charge or at cost; and• the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment.
Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should bedirected to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002.
For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequence which may arise from you www.dse.vic.gov.au
%cover Character Species Common Name15% Eucalyptus largiflorens
Allocasuarina luehmannii Eucalyptus
Black BoxBuloke Grey Box
EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Assessment
Robinvale Plains bioregionEVC 803: Plains Woodland
Description:Grassy or sedgy woodland to 15 m tall (typically dominated by Eucalyptus largiflorens) with large inter-tussock spaces potentially supporting a range of annual or geophytic herbs adapted to low summer rainfall, with low overall biomass. Mostly occurs on terrain of low relief in areas receiving <600 mm rainfall per annum. Fertile, sometimes seasonally waterlogged,mostly silty, loamy or clay topsoils, with heavy subsoils, derived largely from recent (ie Quaternary) fluvial or alluvial deposits.
Large trees:Species DBH(cm) #/haEucalyptus spp.Allocasuarina luehmannii
70 cm40 cm
15/ha
Tree Canopy Cover:
Understorey: Life form #Spp %CoverMedium Shrub 3 10%Small shrub 1 5%Prostrate shrub 2 10%Large Herb 3 1%Medium Herb 9 10%Small or Prostrate Herb 5 10%Large tufted graminoid 1 1%Medium to Small Tufted Graminoid 4 20%Medium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 1%Scrambler or Climber 1 1%Bryophytes/Lichens na 10%Soil Crust na 10%Total understorey projective foliage cover
80%
LF CodeMS
Species typical of at least part of EVC range
Common NaWeeping Pitto
MS Acacia pycnantha Golden WattleMS Acacia acinacea s.l. Gold-dust WattleMS Acacia oswaldii Umbrella WattleSS Eutaxia microphylla var. microphylla Common EutaxiaSS Enchylaena tomentosa var. tomentosa Ruby SaltbushSS Sclerolaena diacantha Grey CopperburrLH Ajuga australis Austral BugleLH Senecio quadridentatus Cotton FirewMH Einadia nutans ssp. nutans Nodding SaltbushMH Calocephalus citreus Lemon BeauMH Plantago gaudichaudii Narrow PlantainMH Sida corrugata Variable SidaSH Crassula sieberiana Sieber CrassSH Actinobole uliginosum Flannel CudwSH Oxalis perennans Grassland WooSH Calotis hispidula Hairy Burr-daiLTG Austrostipa aristiglumis Plump Spear-grassMTG Austrodanthonia caespitosa Common Wallaby-graMTG Dianella revoluta s.l. Common Wallaby-graMTG Austrostipa scabra Rough Spear-graMTG Enteropogon acicularis Spider Grass
Ecological Vegetation Class bioregion benchmark
EVC 803: Plains Woodland – Robinvale Plains bioregion
Recruitment:Continuous
Organic Litter:10% cover
Logs:10m/0.1 ha.
Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactMS Lycium ferocissimum Boxthorn high highLH Brassica tournefortii Mediterranean Turnip high highLH Sonchus oleraceus Common Sow-thistle high lowLH Opuntia spp Prickly Pear low highMH Gazania linearis Gazania high highMH Spergularia rubra s.l. Red Sand-spurrey high
low MH Silene apetala var. apetala Sand Catchflyhigh low
MH Silene longicaulis Portuguese Catchfly high lowSH Medicago minima Little Medic high lowMTG Schismus barbatus Arabian Grass high lowMTG Poa bulbosa Bulbous Meadow-grass high
high MTG Pentaschistis airoides subsp. airoidesFalse Hair-grass high high
MTG Romulea rosea Onion Grass high highMNG Bromus rubens Red Brome high highMNG Vulpia myuros Rat's-tail Fescue high lowMNG Bromus spp. Brome high
high SC Asparagus asparagoides Bridal Creeperhigh high
Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment May 2004© The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that:
• the copyright owner is acknowledged;• no official connection is claimed;• the material is made available without charge or at cost; and• the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment.
Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should be directed to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002.
For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186www.dse.vic.gov.au
EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Assessment
Robinvale Plains bioregionEVC 806: Alluvial Plains Semi-arid Grassland
Description:Grassland (turf) to herbland to < 0.2 m tall with only incidental shrubs. Flood-promoted flora, potentially including a wide range of opportunistic ephemeral / annual species occupying low-lying areas within at least previously flood-prone (mostly) higher-level terraces, which may be effectively shallow lakes when flooded. Also sometimes on flats along creeks of the further north-west, in habitat akin to that of Floodway Pond Herbland.
Life forms: Life form Medium Shrub
#Spp1
%Cover5%
LF codeMSSmall Shrub 3 5% SS
Large Herb 3 5% LHMedium Herb 6 10% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 3 5% SHMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 3 50% MTGSoil Crust na 10% S/CTotal understorey projective foliage cover
85%
LF Code
Species typical of at least part of EVC range
Common Name
MS Chenopodium nitrariaceum Nitre-bushSS Sclerolaena tricuspis Three-spined
BassiaSS Muehlenbeckia horrida ssp. horrida Spiny LignumSS Sclerochlamys brachyptera Short-wing
SaltbushLH Senecio glossanthus Slender GroundselLH Wahlenbergia fluminalis River Bluebell
MH Calocephalus sonderi Pale Beauty-headsMH Spergularia sp. 3 Slender GroundselMH Haloragis aspera Rough Raspwort
MH Plantago cunninghamii Clay PlantainSH Isoetopsis graminifolia Grass CushionSH Myosurus minimus var. australis Mouse-tailMTG Sporobolus mitchellii Rat-tail Couch
Recruitment:
Episodic/Flood. Desirable period between disturbances is 5 years.
Organic Litter:5% cover
Weediness: LF
Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactLH LHMH MHMH MHSH S
Sonchus oleraceus Brassica tournefortiiReichardia tingitana Hypochoeris glabraCarrichtera annua Spergularia diandraMedicago minima Spergularia rubra s.l.Critesion murinum subsp.
Common Sow-thistle Mediterranean TurnipFalse Sow-thistle Smooth Cat's-earWard’s WeedLesser Sand-spurrey Little MedicRed Sand-spurreyBlue Barley-grass Red Brome Squirrel-
high high
high h
ighhigh
high
high
hig
low highlow lowhigh lowhigh lowhigh
Ecological Vegetation Class bioregion benchmark
EVC 806: Alluvial Plains Semi-arid Grassland - Robinvale Plains bioregion
Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment May 2004© The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that:
• the copyright owner is acknowledged;• no official connection is claimed;• the material is made available without charge or at cost; and• the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment.
Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should be directed to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002.
For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequence which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication.www.dse.vic.gov.au
EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Assessment
Robinvale Plains bioregionEVC 808: Lignum Shrubland
Description:Relatively open shrubland of species of divaricate growth form. The ground-layer is typically herbaceous or a turf grassland, rich in annual/ephemeral herbs and small chenopods. Characterised the open and even distribution of relatively small Lignum shrubs. Occupies heavy soil plains along Murray River, low-lying areas on higher-level (but still potentially flood-prone) terraces.
Life forms: Life
#Spp %Cover LF codeMedium Shrub 2 30% MS
Small Shrub 3 10% SSLarge Herb 1 1% LHMedium Herb 6 10% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb* 5 5% SHLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 10% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 2 20% MTGSoil Crust na 10% S/C
* Largely seasonal life formTotal understorey projective foliage cover 75%
LF Code
Species typical of at least part of EVC range
Common NameTangled Lignum
MS Chenopodium nitrariaceum Nitre-bushSS Sclerolaena tricuspis Three-spined BassiaSS Sclerochlamys brachyptera Short-wing SaltbushLH Senecio glossanthus Slender GroundselMH Plantago cunninghamii Clay PlantainMH Brachyscome lineariloba Hard-headed DaisyMH Brachyscome ciliaris Variable DaisyMH Calocephalus sonderi Pale Beauty-headsSH Isoetopsis graminifolia Grass CushionSH Rhodanthe corymbiflora Paper Sun-raySH Atriplex leptocarpa Slender-fruit
SaltbushSH Tetragonia eremaea s.l. Annual SpinachLNG Eragrostis australasica Cane-grassMTG Sporobolus mitchellii Rat-tail CouchMTG Setaria jubiflora Warrego Summer-
grassR
ecruitment:Continuous
Organic Litter:10% cover
Weediness:There are no consistent weeds in this EVC.
Ecological Vegetation Class bioregion benchmark
EVC 808: Lignum Shrubland - Robinvale Plains bioregion
Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment May 2004© The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that:
• the copyright owner is acknowledged;• no official connection is claimed;• the material is made available without charge or at cost; and• the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment.
Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should be directed to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002.
For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequence which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication.www.dse.vic.gov.au
EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Assessment
Robinvale Plains bioregionEVC 809: Floodplain Grassy Wetland
Description:Wetland dominated by floating aquatic grasses (which persist to some extent as turf during drier periods), occurring in the most flood-prone riverine areas. Typically treeless, but sometimes with thickets of saplings or scattered more mature specimens of Eucalyptus camaldulensis. Occupies temporary shallow lakes in the most flood-prone riverine areas, also occurs as a narrow intermediate band around some floodway ponds.
Life forms: Life
#Spp %Cover LF codeMedium Herb 5 10% MH
Small or Prostrate Herb 3 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 1 5% LTGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 3 5% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 4 60% MNG
LF Code
Species typical of at least part of EVC range
Common NameUpright Milfoil
MH Ludwigia peploides ssp. montevidensis Clove-stripMH Nymphoides crenata Wavy MarshwortMH Centipeda cunninghamii Common SneezeweedSH Azolla filiculoides Pacific AzollaSH Persicaria prostrata Creeping KnotweedLTG Juncus ingens Giant RushMTG Lachnagrostis filiformis Common Blown GrassMTG Sporobolus mitchellii Brown-back Wallaby-
grassMNG Pseudoraphis spinescens Spiny Mud-grassMNG Amphibromus fluitans River Swamp Wallaby-
grassMNG Eleocharis acuta Common Spike-sedgeMNG Cynodon dactylon var. pulchellus Native Couch
Recruitment:Episodic/Flood. Desirable period between disturbances is 5 years.
Organic Litter:10% cover
Weediness:There are no consistent weeds in this EVC.
Logs:5 m/0.1 ha.(where trees are overhanging the wetland)
Ecological Vegetation Class bioregion benchmark
EVC 809: Floodplain Grassy Wetland - Robinvale Plains bioregion
Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment November 2005© The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2005This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that:
• the copyright owner is acknowledged;• no official connection is claimed;• the material is made available without charge or at cost; and• the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment.
Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should bedirected to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002.
For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequence which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication.www.dse.vic.gov.au
EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Assessment
Robinvale Plains bioregionEVC 810: Floodway Pond Herbland
Description:Low herbland to < 0.3 m tall with occasional emergent life forms, usually with a high content of ephemeral species. Floors of ponds associated with floodway systems. Typically heavy deeply cracking clay soils. Characteristically smaller wetlands with a more regular flooding and drying cycle in comparison to sites supporting Lake Bed Herbland.
Life forms: Life
#Spp %Cover LF codeLarge Herb 1 1% LH
Medium Herb 5 20% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb* 4 15% SHMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 2 10% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 3 20% MNG
* Largely seasonal life formTotal understorey projective foliage cover 65%
LF Code
Species typical of at least part of EVC range
Common NameCreeping Knotweed
MH Centipeda cunninghamii Common SneezeweedMH Alternanthera denticulata s.l. Lesser Joyweed
SH Polygonum plebeium Small KnotweedSH Dysphania glomulifera ssp. glomulifera Globular PigweedSH Lemna disperma Common
DuckweedMTG Lachnagrostis filiformis Common Blown-grassMNG Pseudoraphis spinescens Spiny Mud Grass
MNG Carex gaudichaudiana Fen SedgeMNG Eleocharis acuta Common Spike-
sedgeRecruitment:
Episodic/Flood. Desirable period between disturbances is 5 years.
Organic Litter:5% cover
Logs:5 m/0.1 ha.(where trees are overhanging the wetland)
Weediness:LF Code
MHTypical Weed SpeciesCallitriche stagnalis
Common NameWater Starwort
Invasivehigh
Impacthigh
Ecological Vegetation Class bioregion benchmark
EVC 810: Floodway Pond Herbland - Robinvale Plains bioregion
Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment May 2005© The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2005This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that:
• the copyright owner is acknowledged;• no official connection is claimed;• the material is made available without charge or at cost; and• the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment.
Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should bedirected to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002.
For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequence which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication.www.dse.vic.gov.au
EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Assessment
Robinvale Plains bioregionEVC 813: Intermittent Swampy Woodland
Description:Eucalypt woodland to 15 m tall with a variously shrubby and rhizomatous sedgy - turf grass understorey, at best development dominated by flood stimulated species in association with flora tolerant of inundation. Flooding is unreliable but extensive when it happens. Occupies low elevation areas on river terraces (mostly at the rear of point-bar deposits or adjacent to major floodways) and lacustrine verges (where sometimes localised to narrow transitional bands). Soils often have a shallow sand layer over heavy and frequently slightly brackish soils.
Large trees:Species DBH(cm) #/haEucalyptus camaldulensisEucalyptus largiflorens
70 cm50 cm
15 / ha
Tree Canopy Cover:%cover Character Species Common
Name20% Eucalyptus camaldulensisEucalyptus largiflorens
River Red-gumBlack Box
Understorey: Life
#Spp %Cover LF codeImmature Canopy Tree 5% IT
Understorey Tree or Large Shrub 1 5% TMedium Shrub 1 5% MSSmall Shrub 1 5% SSLarge Herb 2 5% LHMedium Herb 5 10% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 1 5% SHMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 3 30% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 10% MNGTotal understorey projective foliage cover
70%
LF CodeT
Species typical of at least part of EVC range
Common NameRiver Coobah
MS Muehlenbeckia florulenta Tangled LignumSS Cressa cretica RosinweedLH Stemodia florulenta Blue RodLH Wahlenbergia fluminalis River BluebellMH Haloragis aspera Rough RaspwortMH Centipeda cunninghamii Common
SneezeweedMH Calocephalus sonderi Pale Beauty-headsSH Epaltes australis Spreading Nut-
headsMTG Sporobolus mitchellii Rat-tail CouchMTG Cyperus gymnocaulos Spring Flat-sedgeMTG Lachnagrostis filiformis Common Blown-
grassMNG Cynodon dactylon var. pulchellus Native Couch
Recruitment:
Continuous
Organic Litter:20 % cover
Logs:20 m/0.1
ha.
Weediness:There are no consistent weeds in this EVC.
Ecological Vegetation Class bioregion benchmark
EVC 813: Intermittent Swampy Woodland - Robinvale Plains bioregion
Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment May 2004© The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that:
• the copyright owner is acknowledged;• no official connection is claimed;• the material is made available without charge or at cost; and• the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment.
Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should be directed to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002.
For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequence which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication.www.dse.vic.gov.au
EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Assessment
Robinvale Plains bioregionEVC 816: Sedgy Riverine Forest
Description:Eucalypt forest to 25 m tall with understorey dominated by larger sedges. Understorey composition indicative of at least occasional shallow flooding and a tolerance of gaps between floods of several years. Typically on heavy soils which can become wet in winter. Sedgy Riverine Forest has some floristic affinities to Red Gum Swamp. It is considered to occupy areas infrequently flooded and in which flood duration may be short, for example, higher ground surrounding the box ridges or occurring along the river levee in a position remote from the channels from which the forest first floods. These areas are therefore the last to flood and the first from which floods quickly recede. Soils are typically heavy clays. The major understorey species Carex tereticaulis is intolerant of total immersion (at least in turbid water).
Large trees:SpeciesEucalyptus spp.
DBH(cm)80 cm
#/ha20 / ha
Tree Canopy Cover:%cover Character Species Common
Name30% Eucalyptus camaldulensis River Red-gum
Understorey: Life form
#Spp %Cover LF codeImmature Canopy Tree 5% IT
Medium Shrub 1 10% TMedium Herb 2 5% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 2 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 1 50% LTGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 2 10% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 10% MNGTotal understorey projective foliage cover
90%
MS Exocarpos strictus Pale-fruit BallartLH Wahlenbergia fluminalis River BluebellLH Senecio quadridentatus Cotton FireweedLH Brachyscome basaltica var. gracilis Woodland Swamp-
daisyMH Marsilea drummondii Common NardooSH Lobelia concolor Poison PratiaSH Chamaesyce drummondii Flat SpurgeLTG Carex tereticaulis Rush SedgeMTG Setaria jubiflora Warrego Summer-
grassMTG Lachnagrostis filiformis Common Blown GrassMNG Eleocharis acuta Common Spike-sedgeMNG Eleocahris pusilla Small Spike-sedge
Recruitment:
Episodic/Flood. Desirable period between disturbances is 10 years.
Organic Litter:
10 % cover
Logs:20 m/0.1 ha.
Weediness: LF
Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive Impact
LHLH LH LH
Lactuca serriolaAster subulatus Helminthotheca echioidesCirsium vulgare
Prickly LettuceAster Weed Prickly Ox-tongue Spear Thistle
highhigh high hig
lowlow low high
Ecological Vegetation Class bioregion benchmark
EVC 816: Sedgy Riverine Forest - Robinvale Plains bioregion
Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment May 2004© The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that:
• the copyright owner is acknowledged;• no official connection is claimed;• the material is made available without charge or at cost; and• the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment.
Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should be directed to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002.
For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequence which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication.www.dse.vic.gov.au
EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Assessment
Robinvale Plains bioregionEVC 818: Shrubby Riverine Woodland
Description:Eucalypt woodland to open forest to 15 m tall of less flood-prone (riverine) watercourse fringes, principally on levees and higher sections of point-bar deposits. The understorey includes a range of species shared with drier floodplain habitats with a sparse shrub component, ground-layer patchily dominated by various life-forms. A range of large dicot herbs (mostly herbaceous perennial, several with a growth-form approaching that of small shrub) are often conspicuous.
Large trees:Species DBH(cm) #/haEucalyptus largiflorens Eucalyptus
50 cm80 cm
5/ha
Tree Canopy Cover:%cover Character Species Common
Name10% Eucalyptus largiflorensEucalyptus camaldulensis
Black BoxRiver Red-gum
Understorey: Life formImmature Canopy Tree
#Spp %Cover5%
LF codeITUnderstorey Tree or Large Shrub 1 5% T
Medium Shrub 2 10% MSSmall Shrub 2 5% SSLarge Herb 4 10% LHMedium Herb 5 10% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb* 2 1% SHMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 2 10% MTG
* Largely seasonal life formTotal understorey projective foliage cover 50%
LF CodeT
Species typical of at least part of EVC range
Common NameRiver Coobah
MS Muehlenbeckia florulenta Tangled LignumMS Chenopodium nitrariaceum Nitre GoosefootSS Enchylaena tomentosa var. tomentosa Ruby SaltbushPS Sclerochlamys brachyptera Short-wing SaltbushLH k Senecio cunninghamii var. cunninghamii Branching GroundselLH Senecio pinnatifolius Mallee GroundselLH Xerochrysum bracteatum Golden EverlastingMH Calotis cuneifolia Blue Burr-daisyMH k Lotus australis Austral TrefoilMH r Picris squarrosa Squat PicrisMH Teucrium racemosum s.l. Grey GermanderMTG Setaria jubiflora Warrego Summer-
grassR
ecruitment:Continuous
Organic Litter:10% cover
Logs:10m/0.1
ha.
Ecological Vegetation Class bioregion benchmark
EVC 818: Shrubby Riverine Woodland - Robinvale Plains bioregion
Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactT Olea europaea subsp. europaea Olive high highMS Lycium ferocissimum Boxthorn high
high LH Sisymbrium erysimoides Smooth Mustardhigh high
LH Critesion spp. Barley-grass high lowLH Gazania linearis Gazania high highLH Opuntia spp. Prickly Pear low highLH Sisymbrium irio London Mustard high
high LH Psilocaulon granulicaule Noon-flowerhigh high
MH Limonium sinuatum Notch-leaf Sea-lavender high highMH Limonium lobatum Winged Sea-lavender high
high MH Trifolium arvense var. arvense Hare's-foot Cloverhigh low MHMesembryanthemum nodiflora Ice-plant highhigh
MH Carrichtera annua Ward’s Weed high highMH Marrubium vulgare Horehound high
high MH Carpobrotus aequilaterus Angled Pigfacelow high
MH Silene apetala var. apetala Sand Catchfly high lowMH Medicago spp. Medic high lowMH Oxalis pes-caprae Soursob high highMH Silene gallica French Catchfly high lowMH Silene nocturna Mediterranean Catchfly high low SH Mesembryanthemum crystallinum Common Ice-plant high
highMTG Vulpia bromoides Squirrel-tail Fescue high highMTG Lolium rigidum Wimmera Rye-grass high lowMTG Asphodelus fistulosus Onion Weed high highMNG Bromus rubens Red Brome high highMNG Vulpia myuros Rat's-tail Fescue high lowMNG Bromus spp. Brome high highMNG Schismus barbatus Arabian Grass high low SC Asparagus asparagoides Bridal Creeper high
high
Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment May 2004© The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that:
• the copyright owner is acknowledged;• no official connection is claimed;• the material is made available without charge or at cost; and• the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment.www.dse.vic.gov.au
EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Assessment
Robinvale Plains bioregionEVC 819: Spike-sedge Wetland
Description:Low sedgy vegetation of species-poor seasonal or intermittent wetlands, dominated by spike-sedges. Typically treeless, but sometimes with thickets of saplings or scattered more mature specimens of Eucalyptus camaldulensis. Mostly confined to a narrow ring around the upper margins of floodway ponds. Soils are typically heavy clays (e.g. mottled yellow-grey clay, grey loamy clay), occasionally silty near the surface. In some riverine sites, annual inundation is not reliable and the rhizomic rootstocks of Eleocharis acuta appear capable of surviving at least occasional periods of longer dormancy.
Life Forms: Life form #Spp %Cover LF
codeLarge Herb 1 5% LHMedium Herb 6 15% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 4 5% SHMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 2 10% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 50% MNGTotal understorey projective foliage cover
75%
LF Code
Species typical of at least part of EVC range
Common NameCottony Fireweed
MH Myriophyllum crispatum Upright MilfoilMH Marsilea drummondii Common NardooMH Ludwigia peploides ssp. montevidensis Clove-stripMH Centipeda cunninghamii Common
SneezeweedSH Lobelia concolor Poison PratiaSH Persicaria prostrata Prostrate KnotweedSH Callitriche sonderi Matted Water-
starwortMTG Triglochin procerum s.l. Water-ribbonsMTG Lachnagrostis filiformis Common Blown
GrassMNG Eleocharis acuta Common Spike-sedgeMNG Eleocharis pusilla Small Spike-sedge
Recruitment:Episodic/Flood – desirable period is every five years
Organic Litter:20% Cover
Logs:5 m/0.1 ha.(where trees are overhanging the wetland)
Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive Impact
LHMNG
Aster subulatusPaspalum distichum
Aster-weedWater Couch
highhigh
lowhigh
Ecological Vegetation Class bioregion benchmark
EVC 819: Spike-sedge Wetland - Robinvale Plains bioregion
Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment May 2005© The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2005This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that:
• the copyright owner is acknowledged;• no official connection is claimed;• the material is made available without charge or at cost; and• the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment.
Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should bedirected to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002.
For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequence which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication.www.dse.vic.gov.au
EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Assessment
Robinvale Plain Bioregion
EVC 820: Sub-saline Depression ShrublandDescription:A low open shrubland/herbland dominated by chenopods and succulents and occurring on the highest terraces of the former (i.e. pre- 1750) Murray River floodplain in far North-West Victoria. It occupies semi-saline treeless pans in low-lying areas within Riverine Chenopod Woodland on very heavy and mildly saline clay soils.
Understorey: Lifeform Small Shrub Prostrate Shrub Medium HerbSmall or Prostrate Herb
#Spp %Cover LF Code4 25% SS2 5% PS6 25% MH4 20% SH
Bryophytes/Lichens 10% BLSoil Crust 20% S/C
LF Code Species typical of at least part of EVC range Common NameSS Atriplex lindleyi Flat-top SaltbushSS Cressa australis RosinweedSS r Malacocera tricornis Goat HeadSS Sclerolaena tricuspis Streaked CopperburrPS Sclerochlamys brachyptera Short-wing SaltbushMH Brachyscome lineariloba Hard-head DaisyMH Goodenia pinnatifida Cut-leaf GoodeniaMH Plantago cunninghamii Clay PlantainMH Senecio glossanthus Slender GroundselSH Disphyma crassifolium subsp. clavellatum Rounded Noon-flowerSH Maireana pentagona Hairy Bluebush
Recruitment:Continuous.
Organic Litter:5 % cover
Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactLH MH SH MNG
Brassica tournefortii Carrichtera annua Medicago minima Vulpia bromoides
Mediterranean Turnip Ward's WeedLittle Medic Squirrel-tail Fescue
high highhigh highhigh highhigh high
Ecological Vegetation Class Bioregion Benchmark
EVC 820: Sub-saline Depression Shrubland
Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactMNG Bromus rubens Red Brome high highMTG Hordeum glaucum Northern Barley-grass high highMNG Schismus barbatus Arabian Grass high highMNG Parapholis incurva Coast Barb-grass high highLH Sonchus oleraceus Common Sow-thistle high lowSH Spergularia rubra s.l. Red Sand-spurrey high lowMH Spergularia diandra Lesser Sand-spurrey high lowMNG Lamarckia aurea Golden-top high lowMH Reichardia tingitana False Sow-thistle high lowMH Hypochoeris glabra Smooth Cat's-ear high low
Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment© The State of Victoria Government Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-comercial is authorised, on condition that:• the copyright owner is acknowledged;• no official connection is claimed;• the material is made available without charge or cost; and• the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment.
Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should be directed to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson St, East Melbourne, Victoria 3002.
For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186
This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss, of other consequences which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication.
www.dse.vic.gov.au
EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Assessment
Robinvale Plains bioregionEVC 821: Tall Marsh
Description:Wetland dominated by tall emergent graminoids (rushes, sedges, reeds), typically in thick species-poor swards. Competitive exclusion in core wetland habitat - of optimum growing conditions for species tolerant of sustained shallow inundation. Occupies wetlands usually associated with anabranch creeks. Soils are almost permanently moist. Dominant species are tolerant of relatively deep and sustained inundation, but not total immersion for any sustained period.
Life Forms: Life form #Spp %Cover LF
codeMedium Herb 6 20% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 3 10% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 1 10% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 3 40% LNGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 10% MNGTotal understorey projective foliage cover
90%
LF Code
Species typical of at least part of EVC range
Common NameRobust Water-milfoilMH Persicaria decipiens Slender Knotweed
MH Lythrum hyssopifolia Small Loose-strifeMH Potamogeton tricarinatus s.l. Floating PondweedSH Lemna disperma Common
DuckweedSH Azolla filiculoides Pacific AzollaLTG Juncus ingens Giant RushLNG Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani River Club-sedgeLNG Phragmites australis Common ReedLNG Typha orientalis Broad-leaf
CumbungiLNG Typha domingensis CumbungiMTG Triglochin procerum s.l. Water RibbonsMNG Eleocharis acuta Common Spike-
sedgeMNG Pseudoraphis spinescens Spiny Mud-grass
Recruitment:Episodic/Flood: desirable period of disturbance is every year
Organic Litter:10% cover
Logs:5 m/0.1 ha.(where trees are overhanging the wetland)
Weediness: LF Code
Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactTMH MTG M
Salix cinereaRorippa palustris Polyopogon monspeliensis Paspalum distichum
Grey SallowYellow Marsh-cress Annual Beard-grass
highhigh high
highhigh low h
Ecological Vegetation Class bioregion benchmark
EVC 821: Tall Marsh – Robinvale Plains bioregion
Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment May 2005© The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2005This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that:
• the copyright owner is acknowledged;• no official connection is claimed;• the material is made available without charge or at cost; and• the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment.
Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should bedirected to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002.
For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequence which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication.www.dse.vic.gov.au
EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Assessment
Robinvale Plains bioregionEVC 823: Lignum Swampy Woodland
Description:Understorey dominated by Lignum, typically of robust character and relatively dense (at least in patches), in association with a low Eucalypt and/or Acacia woodland to 15 m tall. The ground layer includes a component of obligate wetland flora that is able to persist even if dormant over dry periods.
Large trees:Species DBH(cm) #/haEucalyptus largiflorensEucalyptus camaldulensis
50cm
70c
15/ha
Tree Canopy Cover:% cover Character Species Common
Name20% Eucalyptus largiflorensEucalyptus camaldulensis Acacia stenophylla
Black BoxRiver Red Gum River Coobah
Understorey: Life formImmature Canopy Tree
#Spp %Cover5%
LF codeITMedium Shrub 2 30% MS
Small Shrub 1 5% SSLarge Herb 2 1% LHMedium Herb* 8 10% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb* 4 10% SHMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid* 2 5% MTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 5% LNGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 3 15% MNGSoil Crust na 10% S/C
* Largely seasonal life formTotal understorey projective foliage cover 70%
LF Code
Species typical of at least part of EVC range
Common NameTangled Lignum
MS Chenopodium nitrariaceum Nitre GoosefootSS Atriplex lindleyi Flat-top SaltbushSS Sclerolaena muricata Five-spined BassiaLH Rumex spp. DockMH Marsilea drummondii Common NardooMH Brachyscome ciliaris Variable DaisyMH Euchiton sphaericus Annual CudweedMH Ranunculus spp. ButtercupMTG Setaria jubiflora Warrego Summer-grassMTG Austrodanthonia duttoniana Brown-back Wallaby-grassMTG Sporobolus mitchellii Short Rat-tail GrassMTG Eragrostis setifolia Bristly Love-grass
LNG
Eragrostis australasica Cane GrassM
NGEragrostis infecunda Barren Cane grass
MNG
Eleocharis acuta Common Spike-sedgeM
NGEleocharis pusilla Small Spike-sedge
SC Asperula gemella Twin-leaf Bedstraw
Ecological Vegetation Class bioregion benchmark
EVC 823: Lignum Swampy Woodland - Robinvale Plains bioregion
Recruitment:Continuous
Organic Litter:10 % cover
Logs:10m/0.1 ha.
Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactSH Phyla canescens Lippia high high
Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment May 2004© The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that:
• the copyright owner is acknowledged;• no official connection is claimed;• the material is made available without charge or at cost; and• the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment.
Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should be directed to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002.
For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequence which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication.www.dse.vic.gov.au
EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Assessment
Robinvale Plains bioregionEVC 824: Woorinen Mallee
Description:Widespread mallee woodland to 12 m tall, associated with the east-west orientated calcareous dunefields of the Woorinen Formation with a low, open chenopod dominated shrub understorey. A diverse array of sub-shrubs, herbs and grasses are also present. Typically occurs on fine textured red-brown sandy loam and clay loam soils.
Large trees:SpeciesEucalyptus spp.
DBH(cm)15 cm
#/ha30/ha
Tree Canopy Cover:% cover25%
Character SpeciesEucalyptus oleosa ssp. oleosa
Common NameOil MalleeEucalyptus dumosa Dumosa Mallee
Eucalyptus gracilis YorrellEucalyptus calycogona Red MalleeEucalyptus socialis Grey Mallee
Understorey: Life
#Spp %Cover LF codeMedium Shrub 6 10% MS
Small Shrub 6 20% SSMedium Herb* 6 10% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 7 10% SHMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 1 1% MTGBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BLSoil Crust na 15% S/C
* Largely seasonal life formTotal understorey projective foliage cover 60%
LF Code
Species typical of at least part of EVC range
Common NameSweet Quandong
MS Exocarpos aphyllus Leafless BallartMS Acacia oswaldii Umbrella WattleMS Eremophila glabra Common Emu-bushSS Enchylaena tomentosa var. tomentosa Ruby SaltbushSS Chenopodium curvispicatum Cottony GoosefootSS Olearia muelleri Mueller Daisy-bushSS Maireana pentatropis Erect BluebushMH Zygophyllum apiculatum Pointed Twin-leafMH Stenopetalum lineare Narrow Thread-petalMH Eriochiton sclerolaenoides Wooly-fruit BluebushMH Brachyscome ciliaris Variable DaisySH Calandrinia eremaea Small PurslaneSH Ptilotus seminudus Rabbit TailsSH Rhodanthe pygmaea Pygmy SunraySH Isoetopsis graminifolia Grass CushionMTG Austrostipa elegantissima Feather Spear-grass
Ecological Vegetation Class bioregion benchmark
EVC 824: Woorinen Mallee – Robinvale Plains bioregion
Recruitment:Continuous (excluding overstorey)
Organic Litter:20% cover
Logs:20m/0.1 ha. (note: large log class does not apply)
Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactT Olea europaea subsp. europaea Olive high highMS Lycium ferocissimum Boxthorn high highLH Opuntia spp. Prickly Pear high highLH Critesion spp. Barley-grass high lowLH Gazania linearis Gazania high
high LH Psilocaulon granulicaule Noon-flowerhigh high
LH Sisymbrium erysimoides Smooth Mustard highhigh LH Sisymbrium irio London Mustardhigh high
MH Brassica tournefortii Mediterranean Turnip high high MH Carpobrotus aequilaterus Angled Pigface high high MH Medicago spp. Medic high lowMH Marrubium vulgare Horehound high highMH Oxalis pes-caprae Soursob high
high MH Trifolium arvense var. arvenseHare's-foot Clover high low
MH Mesembryanthemum nodiflora Ice-plant high highMH Carrichtera annua Ward’s Weed high
high MH Silene apetala var. apetala Sand Catchflyhigh low
MH Silene gallica French Catchfly high lowMH Silene nocturna Mediterranean Catchfly high lowMH Limonium sinuatum Notch-leaf Sea-lavender high highMH Limonium lobatum Winged Sea-lavender high
high SH Mesembryanthemum crystallinumCommon Ice-plant high high
MNG Schismus barbatus Arabian Grass high lowMTG Asphodelus fistulosus Onion Weed high highMTG Lolium rigidum Wimmera Rye-grass high lowMNG Bromus spp. Brome high highMNG Vulpia myuros Rat's-tail Fescue high low SC Asparagus asparagoides Bridal Creeper high
high
www.dse.vic.gov.au
EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Assessment
Robinvale Plains bioregionEVC 828: Semi-arid Parilla Woodland
Description:A shrubby, non-eucalypt woodland or open forest to 15 m tall of low rainfall areas associated with topographic highs created by weathered Parilla sandstone ridges and dominated by Belah Casuarina pauper. This EVC represents a distinctive floristic segregate of Semi-arid Woodland – comprising relatively undisturbed remnants of this broader vegetation descriptor with little or no groundwater influence.
Large trees:Species DBH(cm) #/haCasuarina spp.Callitris gracilis ssp. murrayensis
40 cm40 cm
20/ha
Tree Canopy Cover:% cover Character Species Common
Name20% Casuarina pauperCallitris gracilis ssp. murrayensis
BelahSlender Cypress-pine
Understorey: Life formImmature Canopy Tree
#Spp %Cover5%
LF codeITMedium Shrub 4 10% MS
Small Shrub 4 10% SSLarge Herb 2 5% LHMedium Herb* 10 10% MHLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 1% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 2 15% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 1 5% MNGEpiphyte 1 1% EPBryophytes/Lichens na 5% BLSoil Crust na 30% S/C
* Largely seasonal life formTotal understorey projective foliage cover 85%
LF Code
Species typical of at least part of EVC range
Common NameUmbrella Wattle
MS Exocarpos aphyllus Leafless BallartMS Alectryon oleifolius ssp. canescens Cattle BushMS Dodonaea viscosa ssp. angustissima Slender Hop-bushSS Olearia pimeleoides Pimelea Daisy-bushSS Olearia muelleri Mueller Daisy-bushSS Sclerolaena diacantha Grey CopperburrSS Chenopodium curvispicatum Cottony SaltbushMH Einadia nutans ssp. nutans Nodding SaltbushMH Podolepis capillaris Wiry PodolepisMH Chenopodium desertorum ssp. desertorum Frosted Goosefoot
LNG
Austrostipa platychaeta Flat-awned Spear-grassMTG Austrostipa spp. Spear Grasses
MNG
Austrostipa elegantissima Feather Spear-grass
Ecological Vegetation Class bioregion benchmark
EVC 828: Semi-arid Parilla Woodland – Robinvale Plains bioregion
Recruitment:Continuous
Organic Litter:10% cover
Logs:12m/0.1 ha.
Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactMH Reichardia tingitana False Sow-thistle high low SH Mesembryanthemum crystallinum Common Ice-plant high
high SC Asparagus asparagoides Bridal Creeperhigh high
Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment April 2004© The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that:
• the copyright owner is acknowledged;• no official connection is claimed;• the material is made available without charge or at cost; and• the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment.
Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should be directed to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002.
For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequence which may arise from you www.dse.vic.gov.au