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![Page 1: Evaluating the water-collecting properties of various substrates in a low cost dew condenser for plant growth in simulated arid climate conditions Aurel.](https://reader038.fdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110404/56649eb25503460f94bb8a40/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Evaluating the water-collecting properties of various substrates in a low cost dew condenser for plant growth in simulated arid
climate conditionsAurel Lazar
Spring Valley High School
![Page 2: Evaluating the water-collecting properties of various substrates in a low cost dew condenser for plant growth in simulated arid climate conditions Aurel.](https://reader038.fdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110404/56649eb25503460f94bb8a40/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Deserts and Desertification• Natural process that creates deserts
• Expansion of desert biomes
• Deserts: • Receive small amounts of precipitation• Typically dry• Extreme diurnal temperature variation
• Desertification only recently identified as worldwide phenomenon caused by the exponential increase in population
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What is desertification?• The sporadic and completely random
spread of a desert
• A land degradation process that involves a continuum of change, from slight to very severe degradation of the plant and soil resource, and is due to man's activities (Dregne, 1986)
• Mistakenly assumed to be an instant change to a sandy wasteland
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Image taken by Serge Duchemin
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Image from Public Domain, taken by Mike Chapman
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Causes of Desertification• Usually natural, but recently, all
major desertification is caused by humans (Dregne, 1986)
• Global Warming
• Land abuse after droughts (Watson)
• Overgrazing
• Salinization of land after irrigation
• Cultivation of Marginal Land (Collins)
• Removal of Vegetative Cover
• Burning of Rainforests
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Effects• 12 Million Hectares of land rendered
deserts each year (Collins)
• Degradation of Topsoils
• Water run-off
• Severe Floods in starting regions
• Livestock death
• Encroaching Sand Dunes
• Dust Storms
![Page 8: Evaluating the water-collecting properties of various substrates in a low cost dew condenser for plant growth in simulated arid climate conditions Aurel.](https://reader038.fdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110404/56649eb25503460f94bb8a40/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Image
Image produced by UNESCO
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Vegetable Cover• Roots strengthen soil
• Leaves soften fall of rain, reducing splash erosion
• Less water run-off
• Inhibits Salinization
• Sustains water moisture
• Necessary tool in countering desertification
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Obtaining Water• Most people are unaware of the vast
quantity of water available in airborne atmospheric rivers (Nelson, 2003)
• Fog Fences – Must be on mountains
• Desalinization Plants – Produce pollution (Alekseev et al., 1998)
• Zibold Airwell – Large and bulky pile of rocks (Kogan et al., 2003)
• Dew Collectors (Musseli et al., 2002)
![Page 11: Evaluating the water-collecting properties of various substrates in a low cost dew condenser for plant growth in simulated arid climate conditions Aurel.](https://reader038.fdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110404/56649eb25503460f94bb8a40/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Wire Condensate• Arid deserts have extremely high
temperature ranges• 50°c in day• 0°c at night
• Radiative Cooling of objects at night
• Formation of dew (temperature difference must be extreme)
• Creation of Wire Farms
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Conceptual Wire Farm
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Materials• Copper Wires• Aluminum Wires• Steel Wires• Fiberglass Rods• Plastic Wires• Glass tubing• Environmental Chamber• Test Tubes• Pliers
• Pipettes• Hooks• Electric Wire• Batteries• Plastic Tubing• Resistor
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MethodologyObtainment of supplies
Set-up of Experiment A & B
Chamber set to run for 48 hours
Water quantified
Set-up of Experiment C
4 Electric Pulses sent through,water then quantified
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Experimental Design Diagrams
IV: Wire Material
Copper Fiberglass
Aluminum
Plastic Steel Glass
6 Trials 6 Trials 6 Trials 6 Trials 6 Trials 6 Trials
DV: Water yield (μm) C: Humidity Regulated Temperature
Testing areaWire Volume
IV: Wire Thickness (Diameter)
3 mm 6mm 10mm
6 Trials 6 Trials 6 Trials
Experiment A
Experiment B
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Hypotheses• Experiment A:
• As specific heat of the objects and density increases, so will water yield.
• Experiment B• As diameter increases, so will water
yield.
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Current Progress• Research is currently being
conducted at the USC Earth and Water Science building
• Construction of electric pulse system complete
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Acknowledgements
• Dr. Tammi Richardson at USC for aiding in the obtainment of an environmental chamber
• My parents and teachers for their continuous support and encouragement
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Literature Cited• Alekseev, V.V. and Berezkin, M.J. (1998). Fresh water from
atmospheric vapour for arid regions. Renewable Energy Bulletin, 3, pp. 36–38
• Collins, J (2001, February 12). Desertification. Retrieved from VWC Enviro Facts Web site: http://www.botany.uwc.ac.za/Envfacts/facts/desertification.htm
• Dregne, H. E. (1986). Desertification of arid lands. In Physics of desertification, ed. F. El-Baz and M. H. A. Hassan. Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Martinus, Nijhoff.
• Kogan, B. et al. (2003). The moisture from the air as water resource in arid region: hopes, doubts and facts. Journal of Arid Environments, 53, pp. 231–240.
• Muselli et al. (2002). Dew water collector for potable water in Ajaccio (Corsica Island, France). Atmospheric Research, 64, pp. 297–312
• Nelson, Robert A. (2003). Air wells: Methods for recovery of atmospheric humidity. Retrieved from Rex Research Web site: http://www.rexresearch.com/airwells/airwells.htm
• Watson, K (1997). Desertification. Retrieved from Deserts: Geology and Resources Web site: http://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/deserts/
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Evaluating the water-collecting properties of various substrates in a low cost dew condenser for plant growth in simulated arid
climate conditionsAurel Lazar
Spring Valley High School