SHRP2 Project L11: Evaluating Alternative Operations Strategies to Improve Travel Time Reliability
Evaluating Alternative Operations Strategies to Improve Travel
Transcript of Evaluating Alternative Operations Strategies to Improve Travel
SHRP2 Project L11:Evaluating Alternative Operations Strategies to Improve Travel Time
Reliability
Kittelson & Associates, Inc.
ECONorthwest
University of Washington Transportation Research Center
University of Florida Transportation Center
Dr. Joseph Schofer, Northwestern University
Dr. Michael Meyer, Georgia Institute of Technology
Write Rhetoric
SHRP2 Project L11:Evaluating Alternative Operations Strategies to Improve Travel Time
Reliability
Kittelson & Associates, Inc.
ECONorthwest
University of Washington Transportation Research Center
University of Florida Transportation Center
Dr. Joseph Schofer, Northwestern University
Dr. Michael Meyer, Georgia Institute of Technology
Write Rhetoric
Project Objective
Identify and evaluate strategies to meet road user reliability needs according to:
– Travel type (person vs. freight)
– Travel location (urban vs. rural)
– Time scenario (near-term vs. long-term)
Provide institutional guidance for developing a strategic (long-term) operational plan.
Future Scenarios
Intent of the future scenarios was not to predict the future, but to prepare for it.
Three future scenarios were explored for 2030:
– Optimistic : reasonably best conditions we might expect
– Mediocre: conservative continuation of existing conditions
– Pessimistic: reasonably worst conditions we might expect
Three key drivers of transportation conditions were identified:
– Environment
– Economy
– Energy
Scenario Drivers
Driver
Scenario
Optimistic Mediocre Pessimistic
Environment
Rare Moderate Increase
Significant Increase
Economy
StrongGDP: 3 – 4%VMT: 2%
ModerateGDP: 3 – 4%VMT: 2%
SlowGDP: 3 – 4%VMT: 2%
Energy
PlentifulEnergy: Stable
Alternative Tech: Significant
Development
StableEnergy: Moderate
IncreaseAlternative Tech: Continued
Development
UnstableEnergy: Significant
IncreaseAlternative Tech: Continued
Development
Responding Trends
Trend
Scenario
Optimistic Mediocre Pessimistic
Demographics
Spreading cities
Rural development
Downtown redevelopment
Re-gentrification
Dense urban development
Movement from rural to urban
Technology
Greater use of technology
More reliability
Deteriorating infrastructure
Less reliable transportation
Deteriorating infrastructure
Increased Travel Costs
Policy
GHG targets met GHG targets not met GHG targets not met
Freight
Increased demand Modest growth
Some shifts to air and rail
Modest growth
Manufacturing toward US
Shift to highway and rail
Financing
Extensive VMT charges
Extensive PPP
Some use of VMT charges
Extensive PPP
Developing VMT charges
Extensive PPP
Effects on Sources of Congestion
Sources of Congestion
Scenario
Optimistic Mediocre Pessimistic
Incidents
Increase, offset by ITS gains
ITS gains Increase in weather-related incidents, ITS
gains
Weather
Negligible effects Moderate effects Significant effects
Work Zone
Improved ITS
System integration
Work zones more common
Better ITS
Work zones more common
ITS status quo
Special Events
Peak demand spreading Peak demand spreading Lower demand
Lower fluctuation
Traffic Control
Improved reliability Improved reliability Less reliability
Bottlenecks
Increase Same Decrease
Source of Congestion Optimistic Scenario Mediocre Scenario Pessimistic Scenario
Incidents
Remote VerificationTTMSVII, Driver Assistance On-Scene Incident Management
TTMSService PatrolsOn-Scene Incident ManagementTMC
TTMSService PatrolsOn-Scene Incident Management
Weather
TTMSBetter weather forecasts and winter maintenance decisions
TTMS Remote Verification National Traffic & Road Closure VIITMC
Work Zones
VIIWork Zone Management
TTMSWZM
National Traffic and Road Closure Pre-trip information
Special Events
PSEMPre-trip informationTTMSManaged Lanes
Remote VerificationPre-trip informationTTMSVSL
Variable Speed LimitsManaged Lanes
Traffic Control
VIITMCSROTraffic Signal Preemption
Remote Verification TMCSROATA
TMCSRO
Bottlenecks
Automated Enforcement CVOBottleneck Removal Geometric Improvements
Bottleneck RemovalGeometric ImprovementsRamp Metering or ClosureManaged Lanes
Ramp Metering, Ramp ClosureVariable Speed Limits Electronic Toll Collection Managed Lanes
Institutional Response to Baseline and Future Scenarios
Existing, New, and Emerging Strategies
Automation/Infrastructure
– Road pricing, real-time control of transit arrivals, IntelliDrive, vehicle automation, automation in truck operations
Information Technology/Data Sharing Technologies
– Real-time system status and predictive models, weather detection and response, accessible vehicle probe data
Integration/Cooperation
– Customized real-time multimodal routing, crash detection and clearance, real-time parking, conditions, and routing information
For each strategy, the following is provided:
- description
- affected travel modes
- impacts on reliability
- implementation cost
Effectively Integrating Reliability into an Agency
How is agency effectiveness measured?
– Output measures (number of VMS signs, 511 calls, average incident duration)
– Outcome measures (effect of actions on improved travel time reliability and/or reduced delay)
What issues affect agency effectiveness?
– Availability of and access to appropriate resources
– Control/understanding over when, where, and how disruptions occur
– Knowledge/training in when and how to apply resources
– Feedback on results of past performance
Steps to an Effective Agency Operation
SO&M: Application of ITS strategies to maintain and improve highway service in terms of recurring and non-recurring congestion
1. Incorporate Systems Operations and Management (SO&M) into Institutional Architecture
Four Key Elements of Institutional Architecture:
System Operations and Management (SO&M) Structure Awareness
Establish SO&M Structure
Establish SO&M as a High-Priority Budget Item
Identify Public-Private Partnership Opportunities
Where does it
fit in?
Typical DOT
Planning Operations Design
SO&M
Maintenance SO&M
SO&M
Steps to an Effective Agency Operation
2. Provide more accurate and accessible travel time information
Probe vehicles and point detection
Surveillance and detection
Pre-trip information
Real-time information
Roadside messages
Modified travel behavior:
Departure time
Mode choice
Route choice
Improved network capacity utilization and reliability
Steps to an Effective Agency Operation
3. Develop safer, more efficient, and more intelligent vehicles
=
Steps to an Effective Agency Operation
4. Manage Incidents, Work Zones and Special Events
– Pre-event - construction phasing
- evacuation planning
– Post-event - coordinated response
- service patrols
- Monitor and evaluate
infrastructure to determine vulnerability
Steps to an Effective Agency Operation
Reduce and encourage alternative travel
Multimodal travel
Travel reduction
Low-cost changes to the physical roadway section
Geometric design treatments
Access management
Lane treatments
Strategies that influence and respond to demand
Signal timing/ITS
Traffic demand metering
Variable speed limits
Congestion pricing
5. Implement strategies and treatments to improve roadway performance
Agency Implementation Roadmap
Political steps
– Educate decision makers on need to balance demand and supply
– Select accountability-based performance measures
– Use pricing strategies to achieve performance outcomes
– Participate in demand management programs
Interagency steps
– Create collaborative culture among agencies
– Collect and share performance data
– Encourage interaction with the private sector and trip generators
Technology steps
– Collect and share data with both public and private partners
– Encourage private innovation and risk-taking
An Agency Path to Mainstreaming Reliability
1. Introduce culture of service, innovation, and partnerships
2. Prioritize projects per performance measures
3. Integrate Agency Path
Mode Jurisdiction Functional responsibilities Data Public/Private Partnerships
4. Deploy Current & New Technologies
5. Integrate Technologies
6. Trade fuel tax for fees-for-service funding
Integration
User Options
Funding
Structure
Questions and Discussion