• Evaluate the causes of the 30 Years War

• Chronicle the stages of the 30 Years War

• Analyze the political and religious reasons for countries entering the 30 Years War

• Evaluate the effects of the 30 Years war on Europe

• Hapsburg Austria will go on a religious mission (just like who?)

• As the bullies try to use force to get their way, what can the little kids do?– What is created

afterward?– And possibly a new

______ is created too!!

1618 1623 1628 1633 1638 1643 1648

|_____________|_____________|_____________|_____________|_____________|_____________|

• Timeframe ↓• Motives for fighting in

the war will change over time• Early motives…• Late motives…

• “Last War of Religion”• Revolves around

what country?

• More on this later

• HRE = 300+ states• Who has the

Political (and Religious) power over/in the HRE? (2)–Nobles?–Holy Roman

Emperor?– How is he picked?

–Ethnically United?

• How many religions?

• Who has Religious power over each “state’s” religion?

• How is the map evolving religiously

Princes can

choose 2 religions for their lands…

Calvinism is NOT INCLUDED

But by 1618, there are many more Calvinists in the HRE…

Why is it the “Peace” of Augsburg?

• 1563, Council of Trent ends

• What has gone on and continues to go on for decades after the Council of Trent?

• Why can this be a problem?

• Austrian Empire (Hapsburgs)–want

politically and religiously unified HRE

• German Nobles–Want to stay

independent politically & religiously

–Status quo

• Hapsburg Ferdinand II– King x3, Emperor,

Archduke• Educated by Jesuits!!!• __________ Catholic• Sounds a lot like

someone else we’ve learned

• Bohemian nobles (mostly Protestant) accept Ferdinand II as their king

• Ferdinand II begins to do what Phillip II did to the Netherlands

• Nobles =

• The act of throwing a person or thing out of a window

• May 1618 - Protestant nobles threw 3 Royal Officials (of Ferdinand II) out of a Castle Window in Prague, Bohemia.

• What do the Bohemian nobles do?

• What does HRE do?

1. Bohemian Phase (1618-1625)2. Danish Phase (1625-1629)3. Swedish Phase (1629-1635)4. Franco-Swedish Phase (1635-1648)

• 1618-1625• Nobles back

Frederick V of Palatinate

• Ferdinand

wins…– Takes land

from Bohemian nobles and declares Bohemia Catholic

• Spain wins some land too

• Now who feels pressure?

• 1625-1629• Denmark’s

motives to join the German Nobles?

• Denmark drops out– And loses land

to the Hapsburgs

• March 1629, Edict of Restitution

• Now who feels pressure?

Second Half of the War Begins

• 1629-1635• Sweden’s

motives?• 2 countries

give $$• France?!?!?!?

• Avoid Hapsburg suffocation

• And create something..

• Sweden led by King Gustavus Adolphus– KIA 1632

• Edict of Restitution?

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4e/Hellqvist_-_Gustaf_II.jpg

• Revolution?• Old?• New?• Cavalry?

• 1635-1648– 14 years of

murder & mayhem in the HRE!!

• France’s motives?

• France goes on a rampage– Pummels Spain– Invades South

Germany…huh?• 2 Independence

Movements succeed

• Peasants Revolts throughout the war

• Everyone is exhausted from war

Two Treaties to create overall peace in Europe

• Nobles– HRE still 300+

independent states– Nobles have the

power!!• Gov, Coinage,

Religion, Foreign Policy

– Peace of Augsburg?• Calvinism now

allowed for princes

• 200 years of Disunity!! (so?)

• 30 years of fighting in a country will do what to it??– Millions of Germans

(1/4 HRE pop) killed– German Towns and

farmland pillaged and destroyed

– Hans Grimmelshausen story

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/38/Straty_ludno%C5%9Bciowe_po_wojnie_30letniej.PNG

• German States all can

choose their religions– Lutheran North– Calvinist Middle– Catholic South

• Politiques were right!!• Religion is now a matter

of personal choice– What was it before?

• Europe progresses at a cost

• Closing Question• Title = Lessons

from WoR• What lessons did

you learn from the WoR stories?

• What lessons do you think are learned in 1650 by Europe?

• Is this a dead story?