EUROPEAN COMMISSION Road Safety and Eco-driving Annie CANEL DGTREN – Road Safety 8 mai 2008.
-
date post
18-Dec-2015 -
Category
Documents
-
view
218 -
download
1
Transcript of EUROPEAN COMMISSION Road Safety and Eco-driving Annie CANEL DGTREN – Road Safety 8 mai 2008.
EUROPEANCOMMISSION
Road Safety and Eco-driving
Annie CANEL
DGTREN – Road Safety8 mai 2008
2DOES ECO-DRIVING CONSTITUTE SAFE DRIVING ?
Road Safety and Eco-driving
Eco-driving, a combination of :
- road safety issues
- environment issues
3DOES ECO-DRIVING CONSTITUTE SAFE DRIVING ?
Road safety and Eco-driving
.What is eco-driving ?
» Attitude and respect for society and the environment
» Minimising the effects of transport on the environment
» Reducing the numbers of road deaths and accidents
» Specific techniques for driving a car
4DOES ECO-DRIVING CONSTITUTE SAFE DRIVING ?
Road safety and Eco-driving
Impact on environment
5DOES ECO-DRIVING CONSTITUTE SAFE DRIVING ?
Sectoral trends
.GHG emissions from transport keep growing while other sectors’ contributions are going down
Sector evolution 1990 – 2004 by sector:
Sector projections 1990 – 2010 with existing measures:
Source: EEA 2006
6DOES ECO-DRIVING CONSTITUTE SAFE DRIVING ?
Transport GHG emissions, by mode
. Road dominates although international shipping and aviation are growing fast
7DOES ECO-DRIVING CONSTITUTE SAFE DRIVING ?
Source: TREMOVE baseline 2.41
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
year 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015
Year
CO
2 (
Mt)
bus and coachheavy duty vehiclelight duty vehiclemotorcyclemopedmedium/big carsmall carCars
Road transport CO2 - shares
8DOES ECO-DRIVING CONSTITUTE SAFE DRIVING ?
Fuel economy in gears
200
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
40 60 80 100 120
382*
287*
km/h
1st gear
2nd gear 3rd gear
4th gear5th gear
l/10
0 km
Source: VROM, Netherlands
9DOES ECO-DRIVING CONSTITUTE SAFE DRIVING ?
How Gear Shifting Affects Fuel Consumption
Seat Ibiza 1,4 l. 55 kW at 50 km/hr:
in 2nd gear = 3600 RPM = 8 km/l = 12.5 l/100kmin 3rd gear = 2600 RPM = 12 km/l = 8.3 l/100kmin 4th gear = 1900 RPM = 17 km/l = 5.9 l/100kmin 5th gear = 1400 RPM = 20 km/l = 5 l/100km
10DOES ECO-DRIVING CONSTITUTE SAFE DRIVING ?
Fuel economy and CO2 reduction potential
ECO-DRIVING training
10% to 25% savings on average
10% in practice
HOW?
Gear change at 2000 – 2500 RPM, less vehicle dynamics (acceleration/deceleration/speeding/overtaking/aggression), less idling and cold start short trips
In-car devices (on-board computer, cruise control, RPM, MDD, GSI)
EU 15 reduction estimates:
10% fuel costs = 25 billion litres / Euro = >50 Mton CO2
Source: VROM, Netherlands
11DOES ECO-DRIVING CONSTITUTE SAFE DRIVING ?
Road safety and Eco-driving
Impact on road safety
12DOES ECO-DRIVING CONSTITUTE SAFE DRIVING ?
Road safety and Eco-driving
.Eco-driving / safe driving
» Evidence shows that drivers using eco-driving techniques have less accidents
» The benefits of eco-driving in respect to road safety: driving is safer, due to greater anticipation and less erratic and unpredictable behaviour
13DOES ECO-DRIVING CONSTITUTE SAFE DRIVING ?
Eco-driving / safe driving
Learner/novice drivers
Professional drivers
Influencing behaviour / training and testing
Designing in-car devices
National authorities / EU
Associationsand stakeholders
- environment- road safety
Car industry
ResearchCampaignsLegislation
Target groups
Specific Objectives
Measures
Competent bodies
Car industry
.Different aspects
14DOES ECO-DRIVING CONSTITUTE SAFE DRIVING ?
» on driving licences (91/439/EEC and 2006/126/EC)
» on initial qualification and periodic training of professional drivers (2003/59/EC)
contain provisions for the environment-friendly use of vehicles
Eco-driving / safe driving
.EU legislation
15DOES ECO-DRIVING CONSTITUTE SAFE DRIVING ?
Some countries have already introduced eco-driving in training and testing (NL, DE, CH, SE, FI)
Example in The Netherlands:
Energy-conscious driving is part of the official category B training and testing curriculum:
• Energy-conscious driving is one of 13 criteria which can be used in reaching a pass-fail decision in the practical driving test.
• But: candidates will not fail on the basis of poor eco-driving as long as his/her safe driving behaviour is otherwise excellent.
• However, poor eco-driving can contribute to failure if other (safe driving) aspects of the candidate’s performance are found to be lacking.
Eco-driving / safe driving
.Experiments and pilot projects
16DOES ECO-DRIVING CONSTITUTE SAFE DRIVING ?
.Eco-driving instructions to a new driving style
» Shift up as soon as possible » Maintain a steady speed » Anticipate traffic flow» Decelerate smoothly» Check the tyre pressure frequently
» Smooth and consistent driving, in a well-tuned vehicle
Eco-driving / safe driving
17DOES ECO-DRIVING CONSTITUTE SAFE DRIVING ?
. possible conflicts ?
» Drifting around junctions and pedestrian crossings in an attempt not to stop
» Coming too close to the vehicle in front in an effort to maximise your evenness of speed
» Coasting too early and disrupting the pattern of traffic to the rear, thereby increasing the risk of a rear-end collision
» Rapid acceleration to cruising speed could cause shorter safety margins to vehicles in front
» Trying to stay in a high (fuel-efficient) gear, but therefore manoeuvring at too high a speed (e.g. cornering)
» Switching off the engine at short stops can lead to the steering wheel locking
Eco-driving / safe driving
18DOES ECO-DRIVING CONSTITUTE SAFE DRIVING ?
Road Safety and Eco-driving
A need for :
- more research on the impact of eco-driving on road safety
- clear messages for policies
19DOES ECO-DRIVING CONSTITUTE SAFE DRIVING ?
More information
.CIECA internal project on ‘Eco-driving’ in category B driver training & the driving test (2007) - Final Report 05-11-07
.Ecodriven» http://
ec.europa.eu/energy/intelligent/projects/steer_en.htm
.Networks» www.eurotra.org» www.ecodrive.org» www.hetnieuwerijden.nl» www.senternovem.nl