Europe in the 6cEurope in the 6cEurope in the 6cEurope in the 6c

The Medieval Catholic ChurchThe Medieval Catholic ChurchThe Medieval Catholic ChurchThe Medieval Catholic Church filled the power vacuum left from the collapse of the classical world.

the church controlled about 1/3 of the land in Western Europe.

monasticism (mode of life):

provided schools for the upper class.

inns, hospitals, refuge in times of war.

libraries & scriptoria to copy books and illuminate manuscripts.

missionaries to the barbarians, curb heresies crusades; Inquisition

tithe and Peter’s Pence taxes for the church

ScholasticismScholasticism• System used by medieval intellectuals to apply System used by medieval intellectuals to apply

reason or logical analysis to the Church's basic reason or logical analysis to the Church's basic theological doctrines.theological doctrines.

• Was taught in medieval schoolsWas taught in medieval schools• Later, Renaissance thinkers & Protestants Later, Renaissance thinkers & Protestants

looked down on it.looked down on it.• Primary goal was to reconcile faith and reason to Primary goal was to reconcile faith and reason to

demonstrate that what was accepted on demonstrate that what was accepted on faithfaith was was in harmony with what could be learned by in harmony with what could be learned by reasonreason

Charlemagne: 742 to 814Charlemagne: 742 to 814Charlemagne: 742 to 814Charlemagne: 742 to 814

Charlemagne’s EmpireCharlemagne’s EmpireCharlemagne’s EmpireCharlemagne’s Empire

Pope Crowned CharlemagnePope Crowned CharlemagneHoly Roman Emperor: Dec. Holy Roman Emperor: Dec.

25, 80025, 800

Pope Crowned CharlemagnePope Crowned CharlemagneHoly Roman Emperor: Dec. Holy Roman Emperor: Dec.

25, 80025, 800

Christian Crusades: East and Christian Crusades: East and WestWest

Christian Crusades: East and Christian Crusades: East and WestWest

Magna Carta, 1215Magna Carta, 1215Magna Carta, 1215Magna Carta, 1215

King John IKing John I

“Great Charter”

monarchs were not above the law.

kings had to consult a council of advisors.

kings could not tax arbitrarily.

Medieval Universities…13Medieval Universities…13thth C CMedieval Universities…13Medieval Universities…13thth C C

Oxford UniversityOxford UniversityOxford UniversityOxford University

Late Medieval Town DwellingsLate Medieval Town DwellingsLate Medieval Town DwellingsLate Medieval Town Dwellings

Medieval TradeMedieval TradeMedieval TradeMedieval Trade

Women in the Middle AgesWomen in the Middle Ages

• women bounded legally and women bounded legally and economically to the land or their man…economically to the land or their man…but expressed ideas to a point. but expressed ideas to a point.

• Noble women managed manors while Noble women managed manors while husband was away. husband was away.

• Younger noble women went into Younger noble women went into convents convents

• Peasant women worked the farms.Peasant women worked the farms.

The Church….The Great SchismThe Church….The Great Schism• 1307- church was housed in France due to 1307- church was housed in France due to

their power to protect them and due to popes their power to protect them and due to popes being French. Called being French. Called Avignon PapacyAvignon Papacy..

• Italians demanded the church back…called Italians demanded the church back…called Great SchismGreat Schism (1378-1417) weakened church (1378-1417) weakened church Pope Urban VI elected as Pope of Rome, Pope Urban VI elected as Pope of Rome, Pope Clement VII was Pope of France.Pope Clement VII was Pope of France.

• France, Scotland and Spain supported French France, Scotland and Spain supported French pope, England HRE, Italy and Portugal pope, England HRE, Italy and Portugal supported Roman Pope.supported Roman Pope.

• Council of ConstanceCouncil of Constance ended Schism. ended Schism.