Europe — human features
Transcript of Europe — human features
Danube
River
River
River
River
River
Volg
a
Volga
Don
ME
DI
T
E
R
R
AN E A N S E
A
ANDORRAMONACO SAN MARINO
VATICAN CITY
Hamburg
Naples
Izmir
ISTANBUL
Perm
Nizhny NovgorodKazan
Samara
Barcelona
Lyons
Birmingham
Donets’k
Oporto
MilanTurin
Munich
Rotterdam
Odesa
Kharkiv
Ufa
St Petersburg
Marseilles
Dnipropetrovs’k
Stockholm
Copenhagen
BerlinHannover
Bremen
Bielefeld
PARIS
LONDON
MadridLisbon
Rome
Athens
Belgrade
Sofia
Bucharest
Budapest
Vienna
Prague
Warsaw
MOSCOW
Kyiv
Minsk
Ankara
LodzDresden
Stuttgart
Genoa
Palermo
Seville
Volgograd
Krasnodar
Penza
Voronezh
Tula
Valencia
Saragossa
Bordeaux
Dusseldorf
Yaroslavl
Saratov
Rostov
BursaMalaga
Zurich
Salonika
Glasgow
Poznan
Krakow
Goteborg
Leeds
Toulouse
Frankfurt
Adana
Mariupol'Kryvyy Rih
Tolyatti
Izhevsk
Konya Gaziantep
Ul’yanovsk
L’viv
Zaporizhzhya
Oslo
Duisburg EssenDortmund
Cologne
Karlsruhe
Amsterdam
Brussels
Antwerp
Sheffield
LeicesterCoventry
Stoke-on-Trent
Dublin
Zagreb
Kishinev
Vilnius
Riga
Helsinki
Mersin
UrfaMaras
Adapazari Van
Denizli
Elazig
Gebze
Orenburg
Arkhangelsk
Petrozavodsk
Bryansk
Murmansk
Smolensk
Kursk
Sterlitamak
LipetskGdansk
Severodvinsk
Cork
Luhans’k
Bergen
Orebro
PskovEdinburgh
DaugavpilsMalmo
Newcastle-upon-Tyne
Belfast
Hull
Nottingham
Brest
Southampton
Rouen
Brno
Rennes
Debrecen
Craiova
Ruse
San Sebastian
Burgas
Vigo
Plovdiv
PalmaCordoba
Gomel
Astrakhan
Vladikavkaz
Makhachkala
Sivas
Berezniki
Syktyvkar
Kirov
Tver
Orel
Chernihiv
Alicante
Corunna
Valladolid
GijonLimoges
Geneva
Nantes
Salzburg
Florence
Venice
Catania
Bari
Turku
Yoshkar Ola
Tambov
Armavir
Grodno
Kaliningrad
Kosice
Iraklion
Diyarbakir
Samsun
Cardiff
Split
Alborg
Aberdeen
LiverpoolOdense
Szczecin
Klaipeda
Trondheim
Taranto
Szeged
Strasbourg Nuremberg
Brest Le Havre
Bristol
Plymouth
Erzurum
MalatyaKayseriEskisehir
Antalya
GalatiBrasov
Cluj
Poltava
Ryazan
VologdaCherepovets
Velikiy Novgorod
Manchester
Constanta
Messina
Dijon
Tampere
Cherkasy
Vinnytsya
Sevastopol’
Patras
Reykjavik
UppsalaVasteras
Arhus
The Hague Utrecht
Luxembourg
Nice
Toulon
Montpellier
Reims
Lille
St EtienneGrenoble
Angers Le Mans
Clermont-Ferrand
Amiens
Nimes
Tours
Metz
Bilbao
MurciaGranada
Vitoria
Oviedo
Elche
Cartagena
Bologna
Verona
Padua
LjubljanaTrieste
Larissa
TiraneDurres
PodgoricaSkopje
Pristina
Sarajevo
Varna
Iasi
Timisoara
Ploiesti
Miskolc
BratislavaBasel
Bern
Linz
Graz
Vaduz
Andorra-la-VellaMonaco
San Marino
Ostrava
Katowice
Wroclaw
Kaunas
Tallinn
Tartu
Yekaterinburg
Naberezhnyye Chelny
Mykolayiv
HorlivkaKramators’k
Simferopol’
Kherson
Sumy
Zhytomyr
Khmel’nyts’kyy
Rivne
Vitebsk
Mogilev
CheboksaryIvanovo
Magnitogorsk
Nizhni Tagil
Sochi
Belgorod
Stavropol
Kaluga
Vladimir
Saransk
Kostroma
Taganrog
Rybinsk
Nalchik
Nizhnekamsk
Shakhty
Stary Oskol
Novorossisk
Balakovo
Zlatoust
Syzran
Novocherkassk
Volgodonsk
Maikop
KovrovSalavat
Kolomna
Al’met’yevsk
Murom
Stavanger
LUXEMBOURG
Oulu
Braga
Coimbra
LIECHTENSTEIN
Valletta
Olympia
Gibraltar (U.K.)Ceuta (Spain)
Melilla (Spain)
Lake Onega
LakeLadoga
B a yo f
B i s c a y
Gulf ofLions
Gulf
o
f
B
othn
ia
A T L A N T I C
O C E A N
W H I T ES E AN O R W E G I A N
S E A
B A LT I CS E A
N O R T H
S E A
T Y R R H E N I A N
S E A
I O N I A N
S E A
AEGEAN
SEA
B L A C K S E A
Cape Clear
Cape Finisterre
North Cape
CapeTainaron
I C E L A N D
R U S S I A
ESTONIA
LATVIA
LITHUANIA
K A Z A K H S T A N
MOLDOVA
R O M A N I A
BULGARIA
BOSNIA andHERZEGOVINA
CROATIA
SLOVENIAH U N G A R Y
S L O V A K I A
CZECHREPUBLIC
AUSTRIASWITZERLAND
G E R M A N Y
F R A N C E
BELGIUM
NETHERLANDS
DENMARK
UNITEDKINGDOM
S P A I N
PO
RT
UG
AL
M O R O C C O
A L G E R I AMALTA
IT
AL
Y
T U N I S I A
T U R K E Y
S Y R I A
I R A QCYPRUS
LEBANON
I R A N
AZERBAIJAN
ARMENIA
P O L A N D B E L A R U S
IRELAND
KOSOVO
U K R A I N E
G R E E C E
ALBANIA
MACEDONIA*
SERBIA
MONTENEGRO
GEORGIA
KaninPeninsula
K o l aP e n i n s u l a
Krym
OrkneyIslands
ShetlandIslands
Kolguyev
Oland
Naxos
Crete
Rhodes
Karpathos
Sicily
Elba
SaaremaaGotland
Ibiza
Corsica
Sardinia
Hiiumaa
LofotenIslands
Balearic Islands
MajorcaMinorca
OuterHebrides
Faroe Islands(Denmark)
N0 200 400 600 800 km
1 : 17 500 000 — 1 centimetre on the map represents 175 kilometres on the ground.
ArcticCircle
Conformal Conic Projection
40°N
10°W
1
FI
NL
AN
D
SW
ED
EN
NO
RW
AY
CA
SP
IA
N
SE
A
Loire
River
River
Tagus
Vistula
30°W 20°W 10°W 0° 10°E 20°E 30°E 40°E 50°E 60°E
60°N
50°N
70°EA B C D E F G H I J
4
2
3
Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
60°N
50°N
40°N
0° 10°E 20°E 40°E30°E
4
3
2
1
D E F G HC
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164
GeofactsLargest country: Russia 17 075 380 sq km (H4)
Smallest country: Vatican City 0.44 sq km (E2)
Largest population: Russia 143 420 309 (H4)
Smallest population: Vatican City 932 (E2)
Highest population density: Monaco 16 000 people per sq km (D2)
Lowest population density: Iceland 2.7 people per sq km (B4)
Richest country (GDP per capita): Luxembourg US$47 926 (D2)
Poorest country (GDP per capita): Moldova US$398 (F2)
Amazing placesLascaux (D2)
The world’s oldest cave paintings, created by hunters about 16 000 BC, were discovered at Lascaux in south-western France.
Berlin Wall (E3)
In 1961, the Berlin Wall was built to stop East Germans moving into West Germany. It was torn down in 1989 and, in 1990, Germany was reunited.
Olympia (F1)
Olympia in Greece is the home of the ancient Olympic Games, first recorded in 776 BC. The modern Olympic Games was revived in 1896 in Athens, and returned again to this city in 2004.
Trans-Siberian Railway (I3)
The world’s longest railway line stretches 9288 kilometres from Moscow to Vladivostok on the Sea of Japan. The Trans-Siberian Railway appears as a dark line against a white background of snow, in this view from the space shuttle (below).
Europe — human features
Trans-Siberian Railway
100 000 to 1 000 000
1 000 000 to 5 000 000
Over 5 000 000
50 000 to 100 000
People per square kilometre
Under 1
Urban population
1 to 19
20 to 100
Over 100
Grain farming
Horticulture andvineyards
Livestock farming
Specialisedfarming
Seasonal livestockfarming
Little or no agriculture
0 500 1000 km
Commercial crop andlivestock farming
N
Ag Silver
Gold
Copper
Iron
Natural gas
Oil
Lead Zinc
Al
Au
Cu
Fe
Ng
O
Pb
Sn
U
Zn
Bauxite Tin
Uranium
AlAl
AlAl
Al
Al
Al
C
Cu
Cu
Cu
Cu
Cu
Cu
Cu
Fe
Fe
Fe
Fe Fe
Fe
Au
Au
Al
Pb
Pb
Pb
Pb
PbPb
Pb
Pb
Pb
Pb
PbNg
Ng
Ng
Ng
NgNg
NgNg
Ng
Pb
O
OOO
O
O
Ag
Ag
Ag
Ag
Ag
Sn
Sn
U
U
U
U
Zn
Zn
Zn
ZnZn
Zn
ZnZn
ZnZn
Zn Zn
FeFe
PbZnAg Fe
AgCu
Zn
AgPb
PbZn
Au AgSn
Ag
CuZnAg
Ag
Zn
Ag
U
Zn PbAg
Zn
Ag
FePbAg
U
U
Sn
Coal field
Oil and gas field
ZnAg
PARISFaroe Islands(Denmark)
ITALYCountry border
United Nationsadministrative border
Country name
Dependency
Major road
Major railway
River
Lake
Country capital Island
LONDON
Rome
Gdansk
Stavanger
500 000 to 1 000 000 people
1 000 000 to 5 000 000 people
100 000 to 500 000 people
Over 5 000 000 people
Vaduz Under 100 000 people
Danube
River
River
River
River
River
Volg
a
Volga
Don
ME
DI
T
E
R
R
AN E A N S E
A
ANDORRAMONACO SAN MARINO
VATICAN CITY
Hamburg
Naples
Izmir
ISTANBUL
Perm
Nizhny NovgorodKazan
Samara
Barcelona
Lyons
Birmingham
Donets’k
Oporto
MilanTurin
Munich
Rotterdam
Odesa
Kharkiv
Ufa
St Petersburg
Marseilles
Dnipropetrovs’k
Stockholm
Copenhagen
BerlinHannover
Bremen
Bielefeld
PARIS
LONDON
MadridLisbon
Rome
Athens
Belgrade
Sofia
Bucharest
Budapest
Vienna
Prague
Warsaw
MOSCOW
Kyiv
Minsk
Ankara
LodzDresden
Stuttgart
Genoa
Palermo
Seville
Volgograd
Krasnodar
Penza
Voronezh
Tula
Valencia
Saragossa
Bordeaux
Dusseldorf
Yaroslavl
Saratov
Rostov
BursaMalaga
Zurich
Salonika
Glasgow
Poznan
Krakow
Goteborg
Leeds
Toulouse
Frankfurt
Adana
Mariupol'Kryvyy Rih
Tolyatti
Izhevsk
Konya Gaziantep
Ul’yanovsk
L’viv
Zaporizhzhya
Oslo
Duisburg EssenDortmund
Cologne
Karlsruhe
Amsterdam
Brussels
Antwerp
Sheffield
LeicesterCoventry
Stoke-on-Trent
Dublin
Zagreb
Kishinev
Vilnius
Riga
Helsinki
Mersin
UrfaMaras
Adapazari Van
Denizli
Elazig
Gebze
Orenburg
Arkhangelsk
Petrozavodsk
Bryansk
Murmansk
Smolensk
Kursk
Sterlitamak
LipetskGdansk
Severodvinsk
Cork
Luhans’k
Bergen
Orebro
PskovEdinburgh
DaugavpilsMalmo
Newcastle-upon-Tyne
Belfast
Hull
Nottingham
Brest
Southampton
Rouen
Brno
Rennes
Debrecen
Craiova
Ruse
San Sebastian
Burgas
Vigo
Plovdiv
PalmaCordoba
Gomel
Astrakhan
Vladikavkaz
Makhachkala
Sivas
Berezniki
Syktyvkar
Kirov
Tver
Orel
Chernihiv
Alicante
Corunna
Valladolid
GijonLimoges
Geneva
Nantes
Salzburg
Florence
Venice
Catania
Bari
Turku
Yoshkar Ola
Tambov
Armavir
Grodno
Kaliningrad
Kosice
Iraklion
Diyarbakir
Samsun
Cardiff
Split
Alborg
Aberdeen
LiverpoolOdense
Szczecin
Klaipeda
Trondheim
Taranto
Szeged
Strasbourg Nuremberg
Brest Le Havre
Bristol
Plymouth
Erzurum
MalatyaKayseriEskisehir
Antalya
GalatiBrasov
Cluj
Poltava
Ryazan
VologdaCherepovets
Velikiy Novgorod
Manchester
Constanta
Messina
Dijon
Tampere
Cherkasy
Vinnytsya
Sevastopol’
Patras
Reykjavik
UppsalaVasteras
Arhus
The Hague Utrecht
Luxembourg
Nice
Toulon
Montpellier
Reims
Lille
St EtienneGrenoble
Angers Le Mans
Clermont-Ferrand
Amiens
Nimes
Tours
Metz
Bilbao
MurciaGranada
Vitoria
Oviedo
Elche
Cartagena
Bologna
Verona
Padua
LjubljanaTrieste
Larissa
TiraneDurres
PodgoricaSkopje
Pristina
Sarajevo
Varna
Iasi
Timisoara
Ploiesti
Miskolc
BratislavaBasel
Bern
Linz
Graz
Vaduz
Andorra-la-VellaMonaco
San Marino
Ostrava
Katowice
Wroclaw
Kaunas
Tallinn
Tartu
Yekaterinburg
Naberezhnyye Chelny
Mykolayiv
HorlivkaKramators’k
Simferopol’
Kherson
Sumy
Zhytomyr
Khmel’nyts’kyy
Rivne
Vitebsk
Mogilev
CheboksaryIvanovo
Magnitogorsk
Nizhni Tagil
Sochi
Belgorod
Stavropol
Kaluga
Vladimir
Saransk
Kostroma
Taganrog
Rybinsk
Nalchik
Nizhnekamsk
Shakhty
Stary Oskol
Novorossisk
Balakovo
Zlatoust
Syzran
Novocherkassk
Volgodonsk
Maikop
KovrovSalavat
Kolomna
Al’met’yevsk
Murom
Stavanger
LUXEMBOURG
Oulu
Braga
Coimbra
LIECHTENSTEIN
Valletta
Olympia
Gibraltar (U.K.)Ceuta (Spain)
Melilla (Spain)
Lake Onega
LakeLadoga
B a yo f
B i s c a y
Gulf ofLions
Gulf
o
f
B
othn
ia
A T L A N T I C
O C E A N
W H I T ES E AN O R W E G I A N
S E A
B A LT I CS E A
N O R T H
S E A
T Y R R H E N I A N
S E A
I O N I A N
S E A
AEGEAN
SEA
B L A C K S E A
Cape Clear
Cape Finisterre
North Cape
CapeTainaron
I C E L A N D
R U S S I A
ESTONIA
LATVIA
LITHUANIA
K A Z A K H S T A N
MOLDOVA
R O M A N I A
BULGARIA
BOSNIA andHERZEGOVINA
CROATIA
SLOVENIAH U N G A R Y
S L O V A K I A
CZECHREPUBLIC
AUSTRIASWITZERLAND
G E R M A N Y
F R A N C E
BELGIUM
NETHERLANDS
DENMARK
UNITEDKINGDOM
S P A I N
PO
RT
UG
AL
M O R O C C O
A L G E R I AMALTA
IT
AL
Y
T U N I S I A
T U R K E Y
S Y R I A
I R A QCYPRUS
LEBANON
I R A N
AZERBAIJAN
ARMENIA
P O L A N D B E L A R U S
IRELAND
KOSOVO
U K R A I N E
G R E E C E
ALBANIA
MACEDONIA*
SERBIA
MONTENEGRO
GEORGIA
KaninPeninsula
K o l aP e n i n s u l a
Krym
OrkneyIslands
ShetlandIslands
Kolguyev
Oland
Naxos
Crete
Rhodes
Karpathos
Sicily
Elba
SaaremaaGotland
Ibiza
Corsica
Sardinia
Hiiumaa
LofotenIslands
Balearic Islands
MajorcaMinorca
OuterHebrides
Faroe Islands(Denmark)
N0 200 400 600 800 km
1 : 17 500 000 — 1 centimetre on the map represents 175 kilometres on the ground.
ArcticCircle
Conformal Conic Projection
40°N
10°W
1
FI
NL
AN
D
SW
ED
EN
NO
RW
AY
CA
SP
IA
N
SE
A
Loire
River
River
Tagus
Vistula
30°W 20°W 10°W 0° 10°E 20°E 30°E 40°E 50°E 60°E
60°N
50°N
70°EA B C D E F G H I J
4
2
3
Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
60°N
50°N
40°N
0° 10°E 20°E 40°E30°E
4
3
2
1
D E F G HC
*
140
180
165
Population
Agriculture
Minerals and energy
KEY