Europe
description
Transcript of Europe
![Page 1: Europe](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081514/56813792550346895d9f34cb/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Europe Christine YangLakshmi Singh, Mahmudur Rahman,Morgan Hu,Ndeye Gningue
![Page 2: Europe](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081514/56813792550346895d9f34cb/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
![Page 3: Europe](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081514/56813792550346895d9f34cb/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
EuropeThis region is home to six of the top 20 annual global CO2 emitters, including Russia, which ranks third globally.Though Russia is not part of the EU
EU (European Union) = 27/52 European countries
![Page 4: Europe](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081514/56813792550346895d9f34cb/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
![Page 5: Europe](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081514/56813792550346895d9f34cb/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Impact of global warming in Europe
• Europe experienced a 0.95°C average increase. Escalating temperatures and unpredictable weather conditions are causing concern about the future in Europe
![Page 6: Europe](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081514/56813792550346895d9f34cb/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Impact of global warming in Europe
• heat waveso2003 - $15 million in agriculture
destroyed• climate change = health risks
omore micro-bacteria affecting water quality
oworse air pollutiono longer pollen seasono increasing risk of skin cancero2080 - 1/2 plant species endangered
![Page 7: Europe](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081514/56813792550346895d9f34cb/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Impact of global warming in Europe
warmer winters• water run-off is expected to lead to forest
growth and an increase in agricultural productivity
• BUT= more flooding,coastal erosion and melting of glaciers and permafrostoelevation of nearly 3 feet by 2100o2080 = disappearance of European
winters o2080 = 2.5 million people's homes lost
![Page 8: Europe](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081514/56813792550346895d9f34cb/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Impact of global warming in Europe
![Page 9: Europe](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081514/56813792550346895d9f34cb/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
![Page 10: Europe](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081514/56813792550346895d9f34cb/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
United Nations Environment Program
UNEP mandated by the General Assembly on December 1972 • uniform policy for environment
programs• create and implement them• review the world environmental
situation• exchange environmental knowledge
![Page 11: Europe](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081514/56813792550346895d9f34cb/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
EU's Green Technology Roadmap
Introduce green technology to developing nations
Promote the establishment of strict environmental policies/regulations
Providing assistance to Member States in strengthening their national green laws and institutions;
Enhancing cooperation among States to address environmental issues of common concerns collectively.
![Page 12: Europe](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081514/56813792550346895d9f34cb/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
EU's Green Technology Roadmap
Goals for 2020• reduce the emission levels by 20% of the
levels in 1990• get 20% of energy would from renewable
sources• increase energy efficiency by 20%
The EU is determined to spend up to $375 BILLION a year to cut greenhouse gas emissions by at least 80 percent by 2050 compared to 1990 levels.
![Page 13: Europe](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081514/56813792550346895d9f34cb/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Kyoto Protocol
• Sets targets for European community to reduce greenhouse gas emissions
• Global emission reduction regime that will stabilize GHG emissions
• Allows future international agreement on climate change.
•
![Page 14: Europe](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081514/56813792550346895d9f34cb/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Kyoto Protocol to Carbon Trading
• targets = levels of allowed emissions, or “assigned amounts"
• Article 17 of the Protocal allows emission trading
• trading of emissions became known as Carbon market
![Page 15: Europe](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081514/56813792550346895d9f34cb/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Carbon Trading
What it is: • Countries are given an "allowance" of carbon • Can sell their remaining carbon allowance to
other countries in need of more carbon emissions.
• Gradually over time, carbon allowances for all nations will decrease
• Goal is to ultimately become more carbon efficient.
![Page 16: Europe](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081514/56813792550346895d9f34cb/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
![Page 17: Europe](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081514/56813792550346895d9f34cb/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Carbon Trading
Why it's not working • Trade component actually DOES NOT reduce
any carbon emission.o allowances were given for free to polluters, in
an amount EXCEEDING their emissions o companies GAIN billions of dollars for
nothing • The carbon capping does not cap anything• Carbon offsets loosen the cap
![Page 18: Europe](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081514/56813792550346895d9f34cb/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Carbon Trading
![Page 19: Europe](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081514/56813792550346895d9f34cb/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Successes
Feed-in tariffs - provides a guaranteed price for electricity from renewable sources• led to a massive increase in the amount of
renewable energy projectso Ex: Norway gets over 99 percent of its
electricity from renewable sources, often producing more than it requires and exporting the energy to other countries.
• More than 16 nations in Europe produced 15 percent or more of their electricity from renewable sources
![Page 20: Europe](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081514/56813792550346895d9f34cb/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Europe the Leader
![Page 21: Europe](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081514/56813792550346895d9f34cb/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Bibliography
1. "Carbon Trading." Transnational Institute. Drupal, September 2009. Web. 27 May 2011. http://www.tni.org/primer/carbon-trading .
2. Climate Action. "Climate Action - EU action against climate change - European Commission." EUROPA - European Commission - Homepage. N.p., 15 Apr. 2011. Web. 19 May 2011. http://ec.europa.eu/climateaction/eu_action/index_en.htm.
3. Climate Hot Map." Union of Concerned Scientists. Union of Concerned Scientists, 2011. Web. 20 May 2011. <http://www.climatehotmap.org/global-warming-solutions/europe.html>.
4. Cogan, Douglas G.. "Corporate Governance and Climate Change." The Banking Sector. Ceres, n.d. Web. 23 May 2011. <www.un.org/ga/president/62/ThematicDebates/gpicc/cgccbs.pdf>.
![Page 22: Europe](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081514/56813792550346895d9f34cb/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Bibliography continued1. European commission new green technology roadmap." Green
Pepper. N.p., March 10, 2011. Web. 20 May 2011. <http://www.green-pepper.org.uk/european-commission-new-green-technology-roadmap/>.
2. European Union. What's causing climate change?. European Union, October 18,2010. Web. 20 May 2011. <http://ec.europa.eu/clima/policies/brief/causes/index_en.htm>.
3. Harnessing the potential of green energy transfer." Environmental Technologies Action Plan April 2009: 1-4. Web. 27 May 2011. http://ec.europa.eu/environment/etap/published_files/04052009_newsletter_issue15.pdf .
4. "Patents." Energy Island. Energy Island Ltd., n.d. Web. 20 May 2011. <http://www.energyisland.com/technologies/patents/patents.html>.
![Page 23: Europe](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081514/56813792550346895d9f34cb/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Bibliography continued1. Sherer, Kyle. "Energy Island: unlocking the potential of the ocean
as a renewable power source." gizmagJanuary 28,2008: 1. Web. 20 May 2011. <http://www.gizmag.com/energy-island-otec/8714/>.
2. Vertis Environmental Finance. "Vertis Environmental Finance - Taking a closer look at the net carbon balance." Vertis Environmental Finance - Welcome to Vertis Environmental Finance. Vertis, n.d. Web. 23 May 2011. http://www.vertisfinance.com/index.php?page=news&newsid=134&l=1.
3. UNFCCC. "Kyoto Protocol ." United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change . N.p., n.d. Web. 20 May 2011. <http://unfccc.int/kyoto_protocol/items/2830.php