EUROPEAN LIMITS

URALES

EAST

CAUCASO

ARTICOCEAN

ATLANTICOCEAN

MEDITERRANEANSEA

ANATOLIA PENINSULA

SOUTH

NORTH

ÁFRICA

WEST

EUROPA: SEAS

• Seas: the european coasts are irregular and short, with many seas.

Mediterranean, baltic, black sea…• Peninsulas: large and diverse, like the

Iberian peninsula.• Islands: Very numerous in the

Mediterranean sea: Sicilia, Córcega, Creta, Chipre.

NORTHSEA

BALTICSEA

MEDITERRANEAN SEA

ADRIATIC SEA

BLACK SEA

AEGEANSEA

WHITE SEA

BARENTS SEA

TIRRENOSEA

JONICOSEA

CASPIANSEA

SEAS &STRAITS

ATLANTICOCEAN

Sea of Azov

Gibraltar strait

English channel

Bósforo strait

Islandia(Iceland)

British islands)

Ireland

Cerdeña(Sardinia)

Córcega

Sicilia (Sicily)Creta

Chipre (Cyprus)

Baleares

ISLANDS

IBERIANPENINSULA

SCANDINAVIANPENINSULA

KOLAPENINSULA

CRIMEAPENINSULA

ANATOLIAPENINSULA

BALKANSPENINSULA

PENINSULASBig plots of land Surrounded by water

ITALIANPENINSULA

JUTLANDIAPENINSULA

THE RELIEF IN EUROPE

• The relief in Europe has three main features:– Young mountain ranges, very high and new,

like the Alpes or the Pirineos.– Old mountains massifs, like the Urales or the

Macizo central, low and eroded mountains.– Vaste plains, where long rivers flow, like the

European plain: it starts in France and ends in the Urales.

URALES

CAUCASOALPES

CÁRPATOS

PIRINEOSTAURUS

MACIZOCENTRAL

MONTESESCANDINAVOS

APENINOS

MTES. GRAMPIANOS

CORD. BETICA

BALCANES

AL.DINÁRICOS

MOUNTAINRANGES

The rivers in Europe

• Rivers in Europe flow into these seas:– Artic Ocean. Long, and frozen in winter.– Atlantic ocean and baltic Sea: their flow is

regular and with abundant discharge (caudal). Rihn or Elba

– Mediterranean: short, with little discharge and carry little water in the summer.

– Black and Caspian sea: they are very long and have a considerable discharge, like Volga, Danubio and Don

Sena

Loira

Ródano

Po Danubio

Rhin

Dniester

Dnieper

ElbaThames Volga

Ladoga

DonOder Vístula

RIVERS & LAKES

Europe: climates• Climates in Europe are mainly temperate,

because of the latitude:– Continental (take place inland, like Russia). – Mediterranean (across al the coasts of the

Mediterranean sea)– Oceanic: mainly in the west, close to the

Atlantic Ocean.

Other climates are: polar climate (close to the North Pole), mountain climate (in high mountains, like the Alpes) and subtropical (Canarias islands).

AltitudeAverage:650 m.

Temperate Climate

Sistema central

Cordillera cantábrica Pirineos

Montes de Toledo

Sierra Morena

Cordill.bética

Sistema ibérico

MacizoGalaico

RELIEF

Submeseta sur

Submeseta norte

DepresiónDel Guadalquivir

Depresión del Ebro

The altitude in Spain is high, Because of the mountain rangesAnd the central plateau.

Mount Teide (3718 m.), highestMountain in Spain

RELIEF IN SPAIN:-Young mountain ranges, sharp and high -(Pirineos, cordillera bética: 2500-3400 m.)-Old massifs (montes de toledo, low altitude and round, eroded mountains: 1500-2000 m.)-Plateaus, highlands, covering both Castillas and surrounded by mountains (650 m. average -media-)-Depressions (only a few, Guadalquivir and Ebro)

Mulhacén / Veleta (highest mountains in the peninsula, 3478 m.)

Gredos (highest mountain: Almanzor, 2595 m.)

Miño

Duero

Tajo

Guadiana

Guadalquivir

Ebro

Segura

Júcar

Turia

Llobregat

Ter

Nervión BidasoaUlla

River Ebro crossing Zaragoza (923 km. Longest river in Spain)

Rivers in Spain flow to the next seas:-Cantabrian: short, regular and with abundant Discharge.-Atlantic ocean: long and irregular.-Mediterranean sea: very irregular, with scarceWater in the summer.

Tajo (Alcantara dam, Cáceres) is the longest river in the peninsula)

Guadalquivir river (Andalucía, cross Sevilla, Córdoba)

The climate is mainlyMediterranean. The continentalClimate in Spain is milder thanIn other countries because thePresence of the sea.