EurObserver Wind Barometer Mart 2010

8/14/2019 EurObserver Wind Barometer Mart 2010

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SYSTMES SOLAIRES le journal de lolien N 6 2010

B A R O M T R E O L I E N E U R O B S E R V E R M A R S 2 0 1 0

Le rc cos est eee 2009 e preer rc o

ec 13 000 sts.

The Chinese pulled away to leadthe global field by installing

13 000 MW in 2009.

Goldwind


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Le rc o e oe t exqe rsster x eets e crse cre

vec, seo es preres esttos, st-to e G, sot prs e G e ps-sce sppetre pr rpport e. L crossce t prtcreet so-tee e Ce et x tts-s. Lo ero-pee eet tr so pe je etbsst ove recor sttos.

OE OLIEWIND POWERBAROMETER

The global wind power market not onlyrepelled the strictures of the financial cri-

sis, but according to initial estimates, saw theinstallation of GW, which is almost GWup on . China and the United States regis-tered particularly steady growth and the Euro-pean Union also picked up momentum tobreak its installation record.

158 G oessts s e oe 2009

o poer ste cross te or

74,8 G oessts s E 2009

o poer ste E t te e o 2009

+ 13,3 % crossce rc oe

e E etre 2008 et 2009

E trbe ret rotbetee 2008 2009

e te rse pr ErObserE.A study carried out by EurObservER.


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Wind powers expansion was outstanding in 2009. First

available estimates put global wind power capacity at

almost 158 GW, which means that around 37 GW of addi-

tional capacity was installed in 2009 (table 1 and graph 1).

The Asian market led the world in 2009 with, according to the GWEC

(Global Wind Energy Council), 14 639 MW installed, which raisedthe regions wind power capacity to 38 909 MW. Growth in the

North American market was also spectacular with the addition

of 10 872 MW, bringing cumulated capacity by the end of 2009 to

38 478 MW just ahead of the European market where 10 102.1 MW

were installed, bringing the installed base to 76 185.2 MW.

Wind power has now gone global, as in 2009 Europe only

accounted for 27.3% of the global wind power market, having been

outstripped by both the Asian (39.5%) and American (29.4%) mar-

kets over the course of the year (graph 2). Nonetheless Europe has

almost half (48.2% in 2009) of the global installed wind power

capacity, ahead of Asia (24.6%) and North America (24.4%) (graph

2A). The worlds other regions are under-represented with just a

2.8% share.

158 gw of wind turbines installed

across the world

record installation in china

First estimates of the Chinese market, reported by the GWEC,

created a sensation. The Chinese market pulled away from the

other markets with 13 000 MW installed in 2009, more than dou-

bling its 2008 installed capacity (by 109.9%) and bringing the

nations capacity to 25 104 MW. China is thus the number three

wind power force, behind the United States and only a few hun-

dred megawatts behind Germany, relegating Spain into fourth

place. According to the Secretary-General of the Chinese Renew-able Energy Industries Association, the Chinese government is

taking a firm, responsible stand on curbing the CO2 emissions

arising from the countrys economic expansion, for last year, it

raised its 2020 goals from 30 000 to 50 000 MW. Given current

growth, the Chinese association is convinced that the turbine

base will triple by that dateline, in other words 150 000 MW

installed by 2020.

obama relaunches the us market

The United States was the number two global wind power mar-

ket in 2009, installing almost 10 000 MW of capacity (9 922 MW to

be precise), according to the AWEA (American Wind Energy Asso-

ciation) as against 8 425 MW in 2008 (>17.8% growth), which brings

the US wind turbine base to 35 159 MW. Over a quarter of this

capacity (9 410 MW) is installed in Texas and the AWEA claims

that it is sufficient to supply 9.7 million American households

and save 62 million tonnes in CO2 emissions.

The 2009 market easily outstripped the American wind power

industrys early 2009 forecasts as it had forecast a 50% contrac-



2 900 3 450 4 8006 115 7 584

9 84213 450

17 684

24 544

31 412

39 363

47 489

59 467

74 390

93 908

121 003

157 932

1993 1994 1995 1996 199 1998 1999 000 001 00 003 004 005 006 00 008 009

*Estimation. Estimate. Sorce: ErObserE 1.

G. 1

ssce oee ce s e oe eps 13 (e )Total wind power installed in the world since 13 (in MW)


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eet s e trose ps e oe,

errre es tts-s. Ee est toteos

ece e qeqes cetes e -

tts pr ee, Espe psst e

qtre posto. Seo e secrtre

r e ssocto cose es er-

es reoebes (Cese eebe

Eer Istres ssocto), e oere-

et cos pre sreseet ses res-

posbts por ter es ssos e

CO2 es crossce cooqe ps. L erer, ce erer r ses

objects por 2020 e 30 000 50 000 .

Copte te e crossce ctee, s-

socto cose este qe e prc ser

trs certeet tros os ps portt

cette cce, sot 150 000 c

2020.

obama relance le marchtatsunien

ee rc o e 2009, es

tts-s ot st, seo ssocto

E (erc Eer ssocto),

prs e 10 000 (9 922 ecteet)

cotre 8 425 e 2008 (+ 17,8 % e cros-

sce). Cette pssce porte e prc oe

es tts-s 35 159 . s qrt

e cette pssce (9 410 ) est st

es. Seo E, cette pssce est

sste por eter 9,7 os e

es rcs et cooser 62 -

os e toes e CO2.

Le rc 2009 psse reet es pr-

sos e stre oee rce

tes e bt e, q proet e

bsse e 50 % pr rpport rc 2008.

L tece sest erse rt t ec

eeet cr prset Ob e

crer es epos s es eres propres,

coort este pr se e pce rt

t e o sr reprse cooqe et e

restsseet (erc ecoer

eestet ct, ) q octro es

sbetos estssers. Cette o

pers rtbsseet spectcre

rc rc ec ps e 4 G st-

s rt e erer trestre.

ors o eropee, es rcs es

ps portts sot sts e Ie (1 271

sts e 2009), C (950 ),

e stre (406 ) et rs (264 ).

lunion europenne ajouteprs de 0 gw son parc

Le rc e o ptt be rsst

crse cre. Seo ErObserE,

ete e 13,3 % e 2009 por ttere

Le rc cos est ee, et e o, e

preer rc o ec 13 000

sts. I oc ps qe ob pr rp-

port 2008 (+ 109,9 %) portt pssce

ste s e ps 25 104 . L Ce

3,9 %

Rest of the world39,5 %Asia

27,3 %Europe

29,4 %North America

Les dcimales sont spares par une virgule. Decimals are written witha comma. Sorce: ErObserE 1.

G. 2prtto oe rc oe e Worldwide breakdown of the wind market

2,8 %Rest of the world

24,6 %Asia

48,2 %Europe

24,4 %North America

Les dcimales sont spares par une virgule. Decimals are written witha comma. Sorce: ErObserE 1.

G. 2prtto e pssce oee oe Breakdown of worldwide wind power at the end of


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the eu adds almost 0 gw to its base

The European Union market was particularly resilient coping with

the financial crisis. According to EurObservER, it grew by 13.3%

in 2009 with 9 739.1 MW (8 594.5 MW in 2008), which is a new record

for annual installations (table2). If we subtract the installations

taken out of service, the European Union base rose to 74 800.2 MW

by the end of 2009. Spain and Germany confirmed their leadership

of the wind power market in 2009. Most of the other mature mar-

. 2ssce oee ste s o eropee * (e )Wind power installed capacities in European Union at the end of * (in MW)

2 008 2 009Puissance installe en 2009

Capacity installed in 2009

Mise hors servive en 2009

Decommissioned in 2009

Germany 23 896,9 25 777,0 1 916,8 36,7

Spain 16 689,4 19 148,8 2 459,4 0,0

Italy 3 736,5 4 850,0 1 113,5 0,0

France** 3 542,0 4 521,0 979,0 0,0

United Kingdom*** 3 406,2 4 050,9 645,2 0,5

Portugal 2 862,0 3 535,0 673,0 0,0

Denmark 3 162,8 3 480,6 350,7 32,8

Netherlands 2 216,0 2 220,7 39,1 34,4

Sweden 1 048,0 1 560,0 512,0 0,0

Ireland 1 027,0 1 260,0 233,0 0,0

Greece 985,0 1 087,0 102,0 0,0

Austria 994,9 994,9 0,0 0,0

Poland 451,1 705,3 259,4 5,2

Belgium 392,5 563,0 171,1 0,6

Hungary 127,0 201,0 74,0 0,0

Czech Republic 150,0 193,3 43,3 0,0

Bulgaria 120,0 177,0 57,0 0,0

Estonia 85,2 149,2 64,0 0,0

Finland 143,0 146,0 4,0 1,0

Lithuania 54,0 91,0 37,0 0,0

Luxembourg 43,3 43,3 0,0 0,0Latvia 27,0 28,0 1,0 0,0

Romania 9,5 14,0 4,5 0,0

Slovakia 3,1 3,1 0,0 0,0

Slovenia 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0

Cyprus 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0

Malta 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0

ot E 27 65 172,3 74 800,2 9 739,1 111,2

*Estimation. Estimate. **DOM COM inclus. French overseas departements and collectivities included. ***Concernant le Royaume-Uni, lestimation duparc fin est celle du ministre de lnergie et du Changement climatique, tandis que lestimation du parc 9 est celle du BWEA. The end of estimate for the United Kingdom wind turbine base was provided by the Ministry of Energy and Climate Change, whereas the estimate for the 9 windturbine base came from the BWEA.Les dcimales sont spares par une virgule. Decimals are written with a comma. Sorce: ErObserE 1.

tion on the 2008 market. The trend reversed during the summer

when President Obama made a clear commitment to create jobs

in clean energies, further abetted by the implementation of the

American Recovery and Reinvestment Act, ARRA, during the

summer, which awarded grants to investors. The law triggered

the American markets spectacular recovery with over 4 GW

installed in the last quarter.

The biggest markets outside the European Union are India (1 271

MW installed in 2009), Canada (950 MW), Australia (406 MW) and

Brazil (264 MW).


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9 739,1 (8 594,5 e 2008), sot o-

e recor sttos (tbe 2).

t es sttos ses ors serce,

e prc e o eropee ttet oc

74 800,2 2009. LEspe et e-

e ot cor e 2009 er sttt e

pce orte rc oe. L pprt es

tres rcs tres coe Ite, e

ort, Se, Ire et eqe

sot rests trs perorts, ec bo

cocert Frce et e oe-. 2009

est eet e e ressce

rc os rce osore. e tre

boe oee est ote e pssce

e certs rcs Erope cetre

coe ooe, ore, Estoe et

re. tres rcs sot pot

ort o presqe. Cest otet e cs e

trce, es s-s, e Fe et e

s tres ps e o eropee.

S o tet copte e pssce ste

pr btt, es cq preers ps p-

qs s re oee sot e e-

r, Espe, e ort, ee et

Ire (rpqe 3).

627,5

415,5

332,3

315,3

283,1

166,9

134,0

118,8

111,3

96,1

86,2

80,3

69,9

65,3

52,0

27,3

27,3

23,4

20,1

18,5

18,4

12,5

0,7

0,6

149,2

Denmark

Spain

Germany

Portugal

Ireland

Netherlands

Austria

Sweden

Luxembourg

Greece

Italy

Estonia

United Kingdom

France

Belgium

Finland

Bulgaria

Lithuania

Czech Rep.

Hungary

Latvia

Poland

Slovakia

Romania

Total EU 27

*Estimation. Estimate. Les dcimales sont spares par une virgule. Decimals are written witha comma . Sorce: ErObserE 1.

G. 3ssce oee por 1 btts s es ps e o eropee e (/1 b.)*Wind capacity for 1, inhabitants in the European Countries in (kW/1 unhab.)*


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2008 2009

United Kingdom 586,0 688,2

Denmark 423,4 663,9

Netherlands 246,8 246,8

Sweden 133,7 163,7

Belgium 30,0 30,0

Ireland 25,2 25,2

Finland 24,0 24,0

Germany 12,0 72,0

Italy 0,1 0,1

ot E 27 1 481,1 1 913,8*Inclues oliennes situes proximit des ctes et oliennes tests. Includednear-shore projects and offshore test of wind turbines. **Estimation.Estimate. Les dcimales sont spares par une virgule. Decimals are writtenwith a comma. Sorce: ErObserE 1.

. 3ssce oee osore* ste s oeropee (e )**Installed offshore* wind power capacities in the EuropeanUnion at the end of (in MW)**

kets such as Italy, Portugal, Sweden, Ireland and Belgium were

very buoyant; however France and the United Kingdom were

somewhat flat. Offshore wind power led to a Danish market

revival in 2009, while another good piece of news is the rising

capacity in a number of Central European markets such as Poland,

Hungary, Estonia and Bulgaria. Other markets, in particular Aus-

tria, the Netherlands, Finland and six other EU member states are

more or less idling.

If the per capita installed capacity is the benchmark, Denmark,

Spain, Portugal, Germany and Ireland are the top five countries

involved in wind power (graph 3).

the -gw offshore threshold will soonbe crossed

European Union offshore and nearshore wind power capacity is

nearing the 2-GW threshold with 1 913.8 MW installed in 2009,

amounting to 432.7 MW more than in 2008 (table 3). Six new offshore

wind farms turbines were connected in

2009 Alpha Ventus off Germany (60 MW),

Gasslingegrund off Sweden (30 MW),

Horns Rev 2 (see picture p.53) (209.3 MW),

Sprogo (21 MW), Hvidrove (7.2 MW) off Den-

mark and Rhyl Flats (90 MW) off the United-

Kingdom. All the wind turbines of the Lynn

and Inner Dowsing farms have been on

stream since March 2009, bringing the final

capacity of these two farms to 194.4 MW (97.2 MW each).

EurObservER has not taken into account the capacity of two

other farms currently being installed off the United-Kingdom

Gunfleet Sands and Robin Rigg (see further on) on the basis of

the questionnaire sent by the BWEA (British Wind Energy Asso-

ciation).

low wind conditions limited productionover the year

The increase in electricity production was not proportional to the

increase in production capacities. First estimates put wind power

electricity generation at 128.5 TWh, equivalent to 8.6% growth over2008 (table 4). The low prevailing wind conditions in Germany (see

further on), which in 2009 still accounted for over a third of Euro-

pean Union installed capacity, are partly responsible for this lack-

lustre increase. Another, albeit lesser factor, was the unhooking

of wind power energy due to temporary grid overload. The increase

in the wind power share of the electricity mix of individual coun-

tries depends on the strengthening of a number of lines and invest-

ments in new grid infrastructures. These investments onshore

or at sea will shape the wind power sectors growth potential for

years to come.

news from the main european markets

S In 2009 Spain recaptured its top European wind power market slot

by installing 2 459.4 MW to bring total capacity up to 19 148.8 MW,

according to the AEE (Spanish Wind Energy Association), which is

850.3 MW more than in 2008 (up 52.8%) when 1 609.1 MW was

installed. However the Spanish association is steeling itself for a

sharp slowdown in wind power activity in 2010 as Royal Decree

6/2009 creates a Registry of preliminary assignment. Under the

terms of this new procedure, the central government must give

prior approval to wind power projects if they are to benefit from

the production aid system and thus removes the regional govern-

ments prerogative to award operating licences. The governments

aim is to cope with the influx of new projects arising from the

forthcoming revision of the incentive system (which will run until

2012) as stipulated in table 5 as there are already about 14 GW of

projects in the pipeline. Its intention is to cap development of the

Spanish wind turbine base to a further 6 GW by 2012.

G The financial crisis has only been able to slow down the German

markets return to growth. The DEWI (German Wind Energy Insti-

tute) claims that Germany installed 1 916.8 MW of capacity in 2009

as against 1 667.1 MW in 2008 and 1 666.8 MW in 2007, equivalent

to 15%. The repowering market, namely the replacement of first-

generation wind turbines rose to 136.2 MW.

Growth would have been even higher if it

had not been for military radar issues.

Almost 1 500 MWof projects (2 billion euros

of investments) are currently held up wait-

ing for military authorisations.

The German offshore market kicked off

properly last year with the connection of

the 60-MW Alpha Ventus farm (see picture

p.56). The farm, with its six Repower 5 M and six Multibrid M5000

(5 MW) turbines was commissioned 45 km off the coast by a con-

sortium comprising RWE, E.ON and Vattenfall, and should be fol-

lowed by many other projects, as the government gave the green

2 459 te cpct ste Spr te er 2009

pssce ste e Espert e 2009


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le seuil des gw offshorebientt franchi

L pssce oee osore et er-

sore (proce es ctes) e o ero-

pee spproce se es 2 G ec

1 913,8 sts e 2009, sot 432,7

e ps qe 2008 (tbe 3). Le 2009

r coeo e s oees eres

oees osore : p ets e e-

e (60 ), Gsser e Se

(30 ), ors e 2 (or poto p. 53) (209,3

), Sproo (21 ), roe (7,2 )

er et Fts (90 )

oe-. L tott es oees es

prcs e L et Ier os sot e-

et oprtoees eps rs 2009 por-

tt pssce e e ces e prcs

194,4 (97,2 cc).

Se bst sr e qestore eo pr

e E (rts Eer ssocto),

ErObserE ps prs e copte ps-

sce e e tres prcs e cors s-

tto oe-, ce e Geet

Ss et ce e ob (or ps o).

une anne faiblement ventelimite la production

Letto e procto ectr-

ct ps t proportoee e-

tto es cpcts e procto. Seo

es preres esttos, procto

ectrct oee ert ttere 128,5

, sot e crossce e 8,6 % pr rp-

port 2008 (tbe 4). Cette be -

etto sepqe e prte pr e

e beet ete e ee (orps o), q reprsett ecore e 2009

ps ters e pssce ste e

o. tre cter, ps t cette os,

e croce e ere oee, es

sttos e srcre teporre

rse. Le reorceet e certes es

et es estsseets s e oees

rstrctres rse sot es ets

spesbes etto e prt

e oe s e ectrqe e cqe

ps. Ces estsseets cotoerot

es cpcts e crossce e re s

es proces es, qe ce sot sr e r-

c oe terrestre o rte.

actualits des principauxmarchs europens

LE LEspe est reeee e 2009 e preer

rc oe erope ec, seo EE

(ssocto espoe e ere o-

ee), 2 459,4 sts por prc

c e 19 148,8 . Cest 850,3 e

ps qe 2008 (+ 52,8 %) o 1 609,1

et t sts. oteos, ssocto

espoe stte ort retsseet

e ctt oee e 2010. Cette st-

to est e, seo ee, crto

estre es pr-ecttos s e pce

pr e cret ro 6/2009. s cette o-

ee procre, e oereet cetr

ot prbeet oer so pro-

jet oe por q psse bcer ss-

te e procto. I retre s

oereets ro prro-

te ccorer es ceces epotto.

Lobject oereet est e re ce

e oe projets s r-

so proce sste ctto

(be jsqe 2012) crt s e t-

be 5 , e obre e projets e ttete

tt j e orre e 14 G. So teto

est e ter proresso prc esp-

o 6 G sppetres c 2012.

L L crse cre p qe retr e

retor crossce rc e.

2008 2009

Germany 40,600 37,500

Spain 32,200 36,188

United Kingdom 7,097 9,259

Denmark 6,976 6,716

Portugal 5,695 6,639

France 5,689 7,800

Italy 5,055 6,087

Netherlands 4,256 4,800

Ireland 2,473 2,955

Austria 2,000 2,100Sweden 1,996 2,519

Greece 1,700 2,107

Poland 0,790 1,250

Belgium 0,622 0,834

Finland 0,262 0,275

Czech Republic 0,244 0,300

Hungary 0,204 0,352

Bulgaria 0,122 0,361

Estonia 0,133 0,172

Lithuania 0,123 0,145

Luxembourg 0,061 0,065

Latvia 0,055 0,056

Romania 0,011 0,017

Slovakia 0,008 0,008

ot E 27 118,373 128,504

*Estimation. Estimate. Les dcimales sont spares par une virgule. Decimals are written with acomma. Sorce: ErObserE 1.

. 4rocto ectrct ore oee s es ps e o eropeee et (e )*Electricity production from wind power in European Union in and (in TWh)*


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light for the installation of 40 offshore farms in the North and

Baltic Seas last September. The aim is to connect about thirty wind

farms by 2020 for total capacity of 25 000 MW.

However as the wind conditions were particularly poor in 2009,

the additional capacity did nothing to spur electricity production.

According to the BDEW (Bundesverbad der Energie- und Wasser-

wirtschaft e.V.), production dropped over 3 TWh (from 40.6 TWh in

2008 to 37.5 TWh in 2009). Nonetheless wind power provides the

most renewable energy in Germany with a 6.4% share of total

gross electricity consumption (of a total renewable share of 16%).

The industry is quite confident that Germany has the capacity to

achieve its national targets (45 000 MW by 2020). The sectors

future appears assured by the stability of the renewable energy

act (EEG), which revised the wind power feed-in tariff upwards in

2009 to reflect the increase in the price of turbines.

I Italian market growth is back in the black and in line with the

industrys forecast. ANEV (the Italian national Wind Energy Asso-

ciation) reports that in 2008 Italy installed

1 113.5 MW nudging about one hundred MW

up on 2008 (1 010.4 MW). The country has thus

consolidated its number three rank in Europe

for installed capacity with a cumulated wind

power base of 4 850 MW. The sectors actors

are satisfied with this positive result despite

the tight economic context and reckon that

the current pace of growth puts them on

course to meet the European Unions national goals for 2020. Their

communiqu states that the steady expansion of the Italian mar-

ket has resulted in a well-structured sector, the creation of jobs

and given them a role in the countrys industrial and economic

development. They are also lobbying the public authorities to

finalise the legislative framework governing wind power (elec-

tricity infrastructure orientations and adjustment, a single licens-

ing system, compulsory distribution of installations per region).

There was one minor hiccough in that about 10% of wind power

electricity production could not be utilised because of temporary

grid overload issues. The grid operator (Terna) therefore identi-

fied production of 6.1 TWh for 6.7 TWh of effective production.

T F The French wind power market had a mediocre year in 2009, con-

tracting by 8.6% in relation to 2008. According to Ademe, French

capacity (including overseas departments and communities) rose

to 4 521 MW in 2009. This installation performance of 979 MW is

slightly down on 2008 when 1 060 MW of additional capacity was

installed. These figures, which dashed expectations, can be partly

put down to the Council of States cancellation, in August 2008, of

the decree setting the feed-in tariff conditions for wind turbine

power due to formal reasons. The ministry redressed the situation

when it published a new order in December 2008 reworking the

substance of the terms of the initial order dated

10 July 2006.

The prospects for French market growth in 2010

are uncertain, as the government announced its

intention to amend the wind turbine licensing

system as of 1st January 2010, and include it

within the scope of classified installations for

the protection of the environment (ICPE) on the

grounds that the perceived and foreseeable

expansion of wind farms calls for it to set up a tougher adminis-

trative regime together with a special administrative policy.

The inclusion of wind turbines in the ICPE regime throws into the

The industry is quite confidentthat Germany has the capacityto achieve its national targets

Les proessoes e resot trs cots s cpct ps ttereses objects to

Medwind/Bent Srensen

ors e 2, re es ctes oses,e ps r prc oe osore e serces e oe.

Horns Rev 2, off the Danish coast the biggestoffshore wind farm in service in the worldwide.


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Seo e EI, Isttt e e er-

e oee, ee st 1 916,8

rt e 2009 cotre 1 667,1

rt e 2008 (et

1 666,8 e 2007), sot

e crossce e 15 %.

Le rc repoe-

r cest--re re-

pceet oees

obsotes, ttet 136,2

. Cette crossce

rt p tre ps -

portte ss es pro-

bes s rrs tres, prs e

1 500 e projets (2 rs eros -

estsseets) sot cteeet boqs

e ttete es torstos tres.

Le rc osore e rtbe-

et rr erer ec coeo

prc p ets (or poto p. 56). Cette

ere e 60 , qpe e s epoer 5

et e s tbr 5000 (5 ), t se

e epotto 45 es ctes pr

cosort copos e E, E.O et t-

te. Ce prc ert tre s e o-

bre tres projets, e oereet t

o e septebre erer so ccor por

stto e 40 eres osore e er

or et e er tqe. Lobject est

coeo e trete e prcs c

2020 totst e pssce e 25 000 .

L crossce rc cepet ps

prot procto ectrct, e

2009 t t prtcreet pe ete.

Seo ssocto ee E (-

eserb er Eere- sserrt-

sct e..), procto

ct e ps e 3

(e 40,6 e 2008

37,5 e 2009). Lo-

e reste cepet

prere ere reo-

ebe ps ec e

prt e 6,4 % e co-

soto ectrct

brte tote (sr e

prt reoebe tote e 16 %).

Les proessoes e re sot co-

ts s cpct ps ttere

ses objects to (45 000 c

2020). Ler e re sebe scrs

pr stbt e o

eres reoebes

(EEG) ec tr ct

oe q t r

e 2009 t e -

etto pr es

trbes.

N IL crossce rc te est e o-

ee os poste et coore pr-

sos es proessoes secter. Seo

E (ssocto tee e ere

oee), e ps st 1 113,5

rt e 2009, sot e cete e

tts e ps qe 2008 (1 010,4 ).

Le ps coorte s s trose pce

eropee sr e p e pssce s-

te ec prc oe c e 4 850

. Les cters e re se ctet e

ce bo rstt r e cotete coo-

qe ce crse cre. I cos-

re qe e rte e crossce cte est

e e ec es objects to e 2020

e o eropee. Seo e co-

q, crossce rre rc te

pers e be strctrer re, e crer

e epo et e prtcper eoppe-

et stre et cooqe ps. Ces

orses ecoret eet es po-

ors pbcs ceer e cre ree-

tre e oe (orettos et jsteet

es rstrctres ec-

trqes, re qe

torsto, rprt-

to e obto s-

ttos pr ro).

ett soc, ero 10%

e procto ec-

trct oee ps

p tre tse t e probe e sr-

cre teporre rse, sot e pro-

cto recese e 6,1 pr e es-

tore e rse (er) por e

procto eecte e 6,7 .

6,4% prt e oe s cosoto ectrctbrte e eete poer sre o ross

eectrct cospto Ger

LIte coorte s trose

pce eropee sr e pe pssce ste

Italy consolidates its numberthree rank for installedpower in Europe

LEspe est reeee e 2009 e preerrc oe erope ec 2 459 sts.

In 2009 Spain regained its top European

wind power market slot by installing2 459 MW.

Javier Campos/Tryon


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55

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olien terrestre

Onshore wind power

olien maritime

Offshore wind powerPrix de

march ajouter

Marketprices

to add

Types de systmesSupport schemes

Duredu contrat

Contractduration

2009 2010

Duredu contract

Contractduration

2009 2010

Germany1

Tarif dachatFeed-in Tariff

5 premiresannes

5 first years9,2 9,11

12 premiresannes

12 first years13 13 no


anne 6 20year 6 to 20

5,02 4,97anne 13 20year 13 to 20

3,5 3,5 no

Spain2


Anne 1 20year 1 to 20

7,32 7,32 no

Tarif dachat/Feed-in Tariff

Aprs 20 ansafter 20 years

6,12 6,12 no

Prime dentre + prixdu march/Feed-in

premium + market price

20 ans20 years

7,13 (min.)to 8,49(max.)

7,13 (min.)to 8,49(max.)

20 ans20 years

8,43 (min.)to 16,4(max.)

8,43 (min.)to 16,4(max.)

InclusIncluded

ItalyCertificat vert (CV)

Green certificate (GC)

8,89 (Valeur dunCV/GC value

88,91/MWh)n.a. yes

France


anne 1 10year 1 to 10

8,2 8,2anne 1 10year 1 to 10

13 13 no


anne 11 15(dpendant du

facteur charge)year 11 to 15

(dependingthe load factor)

2,8-8,2 2,8-8,2

anne 11 20(dpendant du

facteur charge)year 11 to 20

(dependingthe load factor)

3,0-13 3,0-13 no

UnitedKingdom

Certificat dobligationdachat (prix de march

moyen)/RenewableObligation Certificate

ROCs (averagemarket price)

5,9-5,23

(1 ROCs/MWh)n.a. 11,8-10,43

3

(2ROCs/MWh)n.a. yes

PortugalTarif dachat (valeurs

2008)/Feed-in Tariff(values 2008)

15 ans15 years

7,4 - 7,5 7,4 - 7,5 n.a. n.a. no

DenmarkPrime ajoute au prix

dachat/Purchaseprice subsidy

22 000 heures(environ 10 ans)

22 000 hours(around 10 years)

3,3 3,3Appel

doffresTender

AppeldoffresTender

yes

AustriaTarif dachatFeed-in Tariff

10+24 7,53 n.a. no

Netherlands

Prix de rfrence SDE5

SDE5 reference price15 9,41 9,41

AppeldoffresTender

AppeldoffresTender

no

Prix de rfrence SDE5

(turbines > 6 MW)SDE5 reference price

(> 6 MW turbines)

15 9,61Appel

doffresTender

AppeldoffresTender

no

n.a. : Non disponible. Not available. = Ne sapplique pas (pas de politique ou pas de potentiel). Does not apply (i.e. in the case of no policy or no potential).En Allemagne, les tarifs dachat peuvent tre moduls durant les premires annes dexploitation ( ans pour le terrestre et ans pour loffshore), pour les installa-tions faible rendement (olien terrestre) ou selon la distance la cte et de la profondeur de leau (olien offshore). La nouvelle loi EEG 9 valorise galement larmunration des turbines quipes de systme fournissant un service pour le rseau. Les nouvelles turbines quipes de ce systme peuvent prtendre un tarifdachat augment de , c /kWh. Les turbines dj installes peuvent prtendre une augmentation de ,7c/kWh, condition que lquipement soit oprationnelavant . In Germany the first years of operation ( years for onshore and years for offshore) can have a different level of FIT, depending on lower yield (onshorewind) or distance to coast or water depth (offshore wind). The new feature of the 9 EEG is that wind turbines should be able to provide system services tothe electricity grid in case of congestion. The initial fee for new turbines has been increased by ./kWh. Existing turbines equipped with the system servicesequipment, attract a bonus of .7/kWh (provided that the equipment is operational before ). En Espagne, les oprateurs peuvent choisir entre deux systmes,un systme de tarif dachat ou un bonus ajout au prix de march, le total tant encadr. Spain: operators can choose between a set feed-in tariff and a bonus addedto the market price, within a fixed ceiling. La valeur dun ROCs sur le march a vari durant lanne 9 entre , et 4,. The ROCs market value variedbetween . and 4. during 9. 4En Autriche, lanne et lanne ont des tarifs dachats rduit.Austria: Year and year have reduced FIT. corrigerrtroactivement en fonction du prix de vente de llectricit sur le march de gros. Adjusted retroactively to the wholesale price. Sorce: ErObserE 1.

b. 5rs ct oe o tres sstes cttos s e secto e ps (e c/)Feed-in tariffs for wind electricity or other support schemes in selected countries (in c/kWh)


13/28


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59

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balance installations that already been granted a construction

permits. The law covering the national commitment to the envi-

ronment, known as the Grenelle 2 law, which will be submitted to

Parliament at the beginning of February 2010, should define whether

or not the developers of these farms will have to file their applica-

tions from scratch under the classified installations regime, leaving

many new wind turbine projects on hold at local prefecture level,

awaiting the make-or-break vote (see p.14).

The government views that the implemen-

tation of this new mechanism should stream-

line wind power project applications and

curb the possibilities of redress. Furthermore

the State departments are fully conversant

with ICPE procedures, making for faster pro-

cessing of applications

This new procedure should soon be up and

running, if the schedule that has been set

for multiyear electricity production invest-

ment planning (order dated 15 December 2009) is to be met. The

31 December 2012 goals of 11 500 MW (10 500 MW onshore and

1 000 MW for offshore wind farms) already seem to be compro-

mised, which leaves the target of 25 000 MW (19 000 MW onshore

and 6 000 MW for offshore wind farms), considered as the countrys

real target for 31 December 2020 as viable. As for the offshore mar-

ket, the feed-in tariff is too low to make wind farm construction a

going concern. Therefore the Ministry of Ecology intends to issue a

tender in three 2 000-MW phases. The first phase should be announ-

ced early in 2011, for farms of at least 300 MW (see Systmes

Solaires, Le Journal des nergies RenouvelablesNo.195. p.78).

Th Biih ffh hallngAccording to the BWEA (British Wind Energy Association), British

wind power capacity passed the 4 GW mark in 2009 with 4 050.9

MW installed including 688.2 MW offshore. If these figures are

compared with those of the previous year

published by the DECC (Department of

Energy and Climate Change), the additional

capacity is of the order of 645 MW. How-

ever the figure for the British wind farm

base could be revised upwards as the

BWEA did not include in its estimates the

partial connection of two offshore farms

nearing completion. This is because accor-

ding to a recent EWEA (European Wind

Energy Association) study, 30 of the 60 turbines (i.e. 90 MW) were

already operating on the Robin Rigg site and 29 of the 48 turbines

(i.e. 104.4 MW) on the Gunfleet Sands site at the end of 2009. If the

operating capacity of UKs offshore capacity was around 882.8

MW at the end of 2009. The BWEA reckons that 4 598 MW of off-

shore projects are either under construction off the United King-

4 050.9 MWBrts poer cpct psse

te 4 GW r 2009

L pssce oee brtqe

rc e cp es 4 GW e 2009

vec 4 050,9 MW sts

Prc oe e Cper

s e (Frce).

Champfleury wind farm

in the Aude (France).

Repower


15/28

60

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barometer



Poste e trsorto

prc osore

e Lr (Se).

The Lillgrund offshore

wind farms transformerstation (Sweden).

Hans Blomberg


16/28

61

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dom or approved and that offshore capacity could reasonably

rise to 20 000 MW by 2020.

Last Decembers publication of the 2010 draft Finance Bill relieved

offshore wind farm developers. The bill upholds the value of off-

shore electricity at 2 ROCs (Renewable Obligation Certificates) per

megawatt-hour for accredited wind farms until 2014. The cost of a

ROC in 2009 averaged at about fifty pounds and tended to drop

towards the end of the year (from 51.81 on 13 January 2009 to 46.25

on 19 January 2010). The value of an offshore megawatt-hour was

raised from 1.5 to 2 ROCs in the 2009 budget passed last April, for all

projects that ordered turbines during financial year 2009-2010. The

industry was highly enthusiastic about the Ministrys decision to

award 50 million pounds worth of aid to finance offshore wind tur-

bines manufacturing and equipment testing plants. The BWEA con-

firms that with an active support policy, the wind power sector

could account for 60 000 jobs and 30% of the United Kingdoms elec-

tricity.

The DECC announced another new development early in February

the introduction of a specific feed-in tariff system for households

and local authorities wishing to produce their own renewable elec-

tricity starting in April 2010. The electricity produced entitles the

supplier to pecuniary compensation, including the own-account

consumption part. The feed-in tariff for wind power modulates

every year to keep pace with inflation and varies from 34.5

pence/kWh (0.394 per kWh) for capacities below 1.5 kW to 4.5

pence/kWh (0.051 per kWh) for capacities in the range 1.5-5 MWh.

A similar mechanism will be set up for investments in renewable

energy-fuelled heating appliances as of April 2011. The idea is to

enable householders and low wage earners (via council housing

authorities) to reduce their energy bills (or earn additional revenue)

and actively participate in achieving the countrys goals. The DECC

reckons that the development of these small installations will meet

2% of the countrys electricity demand by 2020.

the wind power industry takes

on the crisis

dptto to ew evromet requred

As it stands, the global wind power industry, whose leading players

are listed in table 6, is relatively unscathed by the economic crisis-

induced credit squeeze. The industry is also attracting increasing

political support, through national commitments to reduce green-

house gases and through job creation prospects. Investors and

banks are coming round to viewing wind power as a hedge against

inflation because incentive systems have been set up in many coun-

tries mitigating the associated financial risks. In contrast, lending

packages and project profitability are more harshly assessed, result-

ing in the shelving of less profitable or higher-risk ventures, so some

projects have had to be cancelled, playing havoc with manufactu-

rers order books.

Another market trend is that the wind power market has gradu-

ally slipped into the clutches of major investors (utilities, oil com-

panies and major independent producers) over the last four to five

years. The credit squeeze has primarily cushioned the European

energy majors (RWE, Dong Energy, Vattenfall, Statkraft, Iberdrola,

Enel, EDF, EDP and E.ON) at the expense of independent produc-

ers who have had to relinquish some of their assets to them.

One of the crisis-beating solutions the European manufacturers have

Entreprise

Company

Pays

Country

MW fournis

en 2008Supplied MW 2008

Part de march

en 2008Market share in 2008

Chiffre daffaires

2008 en MTurnover 2008 in M

MW fournis

en 2009*Supplied MW 2009*

Salaris en 2009

Employees 2009

Vestas Denmark 6 160 19,2% 6 035 6 131 20 730

GE Wind United States 5 239 16,4% n.a. n.a. 3 000

Gamesa Spain 3 684 11,5% 3 651 3 300-3 600 7 200

Enercon Germany 2 806 8,8% 2 800 3 100-3 300 12 000

Suzlon India 2 311 7,2% 2 113 1 900-2 100 14 000

SiemensWind Power Germany 1 947 6,1% 2 092 2 500 5 500

Sinovel China 1 403 4,4% n.a. 3 300 2 000

Acciona Spain 1 290 4,0% 1 784** n.a. 629

Goldwind China 1 132 3,5% n.a. n.a. 1 130Nordex Germany 1 075 3,4% 1 136 n.a. 2 200

Others 4 955 15,5%

Tot 32 002 100,0%

*Donnes prliminaires ou attendues./Preliminary or expected data. **Division nergie dAcciona (pas seulement lolien)./Entire Acciona Energy Division(not only wind power). Les dcimales sont spares par une virgule. Decimals are written with a comma. Sorce: ErObserE 1.

b. 6op es costrcters e Top ten of suppliers in


17/28

62

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barometer



Cte Ce), pssce spp-

etre sert e orre e 645 . Le

cre prc brtqe porrt tre

re sse, e E t ps prs e

copte s ses esttos coeo

prtee e e prcs osore e corsceet. E eet,

seo e te rcete

e ssocto ero-

pee EE (Erope

Eer ssoc-

to), e e

2009, 30 trbes sr 60

(sot 90 ) seret

j oprtoees sr

e ste e ob et

29 trbes sr 48 (sot

104,4 ) sr e ste e

Geet Ss. E pret e copte,

pssce oprtoee e ces e

prcs, pssce osore oe-

sert e orre e 882,8 2009.

Le E este q cteeet, e

costrcto o e projets s, 4 598

osore oeet qe

pssce osore porrt rsobe-

et ttere 20 000 c 2020.

L pbcto, e cebre erer,

projet e o e ces 2010 rssr es

eoppers e prcs osore. Ce projet

e o tet er e ectrct o-

sore 2 OCs (eebe Obto Cer-

tctes) pr ttere por es prcs

ccrts jsqe 2014. Le pr oe

OCs tt e 2009 e orre e c-

qte e res ec e tece

to e e (e 51,81 res

13 jer 2009 46,25 res 19 jer

2010). L er ttere o-

sore t j t porte 1,5 2 OCs

s e bet 2009 ot e r erer,

por tos es projets t co es

trbes rt e cre 2009

2010. Les proessoes e re ot

eet cce trs orbeet

cso stre ccorer e e

e 50 os e res e e e cer

es ts e brcto oees o-

sore et e test e tre. Le E

core, qec e potqe e sote

cte, re oee porrt repr-

seter 60 000 epos et 30 % e ectrct

oe-.

tre oet, e ECC oc bt

rer trocto sste e trs

ct spcqes por es es o es

coectts sre e prore e-

es er ectrct reoebe et ce,

s r 2010. Lectrct prote oe

rot e rtrbto e prt or-

sser, coprs prt e ectrct

tocosoe. or oe, e tr

ct, o cqe e e octo

e to, re e 34,5 peces/ (39,4c/) por es ps-

sces reres 1,5

4,5 peces/

(5,1c/) por es

pssces coprses

etre 1,5 et 5 .

spost sre ser

s e pce por es

estsseets s

es ppres e c-

e ere reoe-

be s e os r

2011. Le est e perettre prtc-

ers et rees oestes ( es or-

ses e oeet soc) e rre er

ctre ertqe (o obter es ree-

s sppetres) et e prtcper ct-

eet objects ps. Le ECC pr-

ot qe e eoppeet e ces pettes

sttos rpoe 2 % e ee

ectrct ps c 2020.

lindustrie olienne face

la crise

ue dptto cessre u ouve evroemet

Lstre oee oe, ot es pr-

cp cters sot prsets s e

tbe 6, por stt t reteet

pre pr e resserreet crt

crse cre. Lstre est eet

e ps e ps sotee potqeet,

trers es eeets to e

teres e rcto e eet e serre

et es perspect-

es e crto

epos. Lo-

e est e ps

e ps cos-

r coe e

er ree pr

es estssers

et pr es bqes cr es rsqes cers

ssocs sot ors t es sstes

ctto s e pce s e obre

ps. tre ct, es otes -

cers et protbt es projets sot -

s ps reet, sst e ct es pro-

jets os retbes o ps rsqs.

Certs projets ot s tre s,

prooqt es cboeets s es

crets e coes es brcts.

tre tece rc, e rc e

oe est eps qtre o cq s e

ps e ps cotr pr es ros ests-sers (ttes, cope ptrore et

rs procters pets). Le res-

serreet crt otet coort

prsece es res copes er-

tqes eropees (E, o Eer,

tte, Sttrt, Iberro, Ee, EF,

E o E.O) tret es procters

pets q ot er cer e pr-

te e ers cts.

ct es brcts eropes, e es

sotos tcrse t estr s e

oees cpcts e procto s es

ps o e rc oe est e trs orte

crossce coe tts-s, e Ce

o e Ie. Certs ot e t co-

trts e ocser e prte e er

cpct e procto eropee ers

ces oe rcs.

Lstre eropee est eet pr-

tcreet be postoe sr e trs

proetter rc erope e osore.

Les stres spcss sr ce rc

ot s pot e oees ces,

ps psstes, ps proctes et ces-

stt os e tece. Is coptet

bcer e er ce tecooqe

por ser er crossce sr e r-

c erope.

ctuts des prcpuxcteurs

7 2010E 2009, stre os prot et

coercs 6 131 por 3 320 tr-

bes, sot pe e cose prs e ps-

sce qe 2008 (6 160

). I ert s per-

re es prts e rc

ce ses prcp co-

crrets. e q-

rers ce escopts,

es rees e etre-

prse sot e e-

tto e 10 %, 6,6 rs eros (6 -

rs eros e 2008) por rstt

epotto e 8 56 os eros, e

sse e 28 %. , es prots e e-

treprse ot ttet 579 os eros, e

50 Me ott e e ccore

pr e overeet brtqe

e ve e cer

stre osore

te ot o rte

b te Brts overet

to ce te osore str

Lstre oee oe por

stt t reteet prepr e resserreet crt.

The global wind power industryhas so far come through the creditsqueeze relatively unscathed.


18/28

N

400 km

149,264,0

n24

Malta**Cyprus**

Slovenia**

3,1

Lithuania

91,037,0

Romania n23

14,04,5

201,074,0

193,3

43,3

n19

146,04,01,0

n9

1 560,0512,0

177,057,0

Poland n13

705,3259,4

5,2

Greece

1 087,0102,0

Italy n3

4 850,01 113,5

Portugal n6

3 535,0673,0

France n4

4 521,0979,0

Ireland

1 260,0233,0

United Kingdom n5

4 050,9645,2

Spain n2

19 148,82 459,4

Germany n1

25 777,01 916,8

36,7

n7

3 480,6

350,732,8

Netherlands n8

2 220,739,134,4

994,9

Luxembourg n21

43,3

Latvia

28,01,0

563,0171,1

Belgium n14

TOTAL EU

7 8,2

9 739,1

111,2

ssce oee ste s o eropee *Installed wind power capacity in the European Union at the end of *

*Estimation. Estimate. **Pas de capacit installe. No capacity installed. DOM-COM inclus. French overseas departements and collectivities included. Concernantle Royaume-Uni, lestimation du parc fin 9 est celle du BWEA. The estimate for the UK 9 wind turbine base came from the BWEA.Les dcimales sont spares par une virgule. Decimals are written with a comma. Sorce: ErObserE 1.

63

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Puissance cumule installedans les pays de lUnioneuropenne fin 9 (en MW).Cumulated installed capacityin the European Union countriesat the end of 9 (in MW).

Puissance installe durant lanne9 dans les pays de lUnioneuropenne (en MW).Capacity installed in theEuropean Union countriesduring 9 (in MW).

Puissance mise hors servicedurant lanne 9 (en MW).Capacities decommissionedduring 9 (in MW).

Lee/Ke

50 550


19/28

64

windenergy

barometer



etto e 13 %. F 2009, etreprse

epot 20 730 persoes s e oe,

14 161 e Erope, 4 316 e se (cqe

cs) et 2 193 s es rqes.

or 2010, ests re ses perspectes e

crossce bsse ec cre -

res tte e 7 rs eros (cotre

e prso te coprse etre 7 et 8

rs eros) ec e re epo-

tto e 10 11 %. Letreprse jste cette

bsse pr e t qe prte e ses co-

es eres (coprses etre 8 et 9 G)

serot eectes e e, ret

e prte es recettes

ectes e 2010.

or ter s ret-

bt, stre

oprer es co strt-

qes coe ocser

e prte e s proc-

to er ers

es e prcp r-

cs porters sor es

tts-s et Ce. Cette e, s-

tre se sprer e 1 150 trers

os et erer e se e brcto

e pes oe- epot 425

persoes. tts-s, est 1 -

r e ors s qtre ts e pro-

cto s tt Cooro, e por

costrcto e pes, e por pro-

cto e cees et e tre por

procto e tors. otes eret tre

oprtoees cette e et prore

4 000 pes, 1 400 cees et 900 tors

cqe e. L cope pr e-

poer e 2010 qeqe 4 000 persoes

trers rqe or. ests e-

et orteet est e Ce s so

cetre e procto s oe e

eoppeet tecooqe et coo-

qe e j. Ce

cetre, r e

2006 ec costrc-

to e prere

se e pes, est

ee e bse co-

pte e procto

oees (cees,

rters, pes, ss-

tes e cotre).

Le ott es oe estsseets

est e 220 os e ors, sot tot

e 380 os e ors est s ce

cetre. e e 2009, e ott

tot estt pr ests e Ce pss

es 439 os e ors (3 rs C).

E Erope, stre est trs prset sr

e rc e osore o spost

2009 e prt e rc ce e

orre e 40 %. I croc e ot er-

er e oee coe e 55 ts

e s 90-3 por e prc bee e

q ser st 46 re e

eebre.

Sr e p tecqe, stre co-

ec coercser e rer 2009

e oees ces, 100-1,8 et

112-3 , q serot prtes tre s-

tes sr es stes beet et oe-

eet ets e 2010 et 2011. e erso

osore e 112-3 est eet s-

pobe, opte ec es tesses e et

jsq 9,5 /s. oe prototpe e

s trbe 60-850 eet t pr-

set e r 2009. Cette oee, q ser

brqe s se cose ests e

oot, e ooe trere, re e

prere coe e cebre 2009.

ests tre ss sr e eoppeet

e oee osore e 6 s

ps ecore prcs s te e sorte.

20 730e obre e srs epos

pr ests s e oe 2009

te ber o epoees o te

ests pro cross te or

t te e o 2009

U ovrer epo brcto

e pes s e se cose

rope ests.

A blade-manufacturing worker

in a one of the Vestas GroupsChinese plants.

Vestas


20/28

65

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come up with is to invest in new production capacity in countries

with booming wind power markets, such as the United States, China

or India. Some have even been forced to relocate part of their Euro-

pean production capacity to these new markets.

The European industry also has an excellent position on the very

promising European offshore market, whose specialist manufac-

turers have developed new, more powerful, higher-performance

machines that require less maintenance. They are counting on using

their head start in technology to drive their expansion in the Euro-

pean market.

ews rom te ed pyers

Va aiing an 7 billin in 2010In 2009, the Danish manufacturer produced and sold 3 320 turbines

for a total capacity of 6 131 MW, which is about the same as the

previous years sales (6 160 MW). It should thus lose market shares

to its main competitors. Although the companys earnings were

below target, they rose 10%, to 6.6 billion euros (6 billion in 2008)

giving a trading result of 856 million euros, up by 28%. At the end

of the day the companys profits were up 13% to 579 million euros.

At the end of 2009, the company had 20 730 people employed

worldwide 14 161 in Europe, 4 316 in Asia (including Asia Pacific)

and 2 193 in the Americas.Vestas has downgraded its 2010 growth prospects with expected

sales of 7 billion euros (as against its initial forecast of 7-8 billion)

with a 10-11% operating margin, arguing that some of its firm

orders (for 8-9 GW) will be at the end of the year, which will squeeze

part of the earnings allocated to 2010.

The manufacturer has had to make strategic choices to stay prof-

itable, such as relocating part of its manufacturing from Denmark

to the two main buoyant markets, namely the US and China . This

year the manufacturer had to lay off 1 150 Danish workers and

close a blade manufacturing plant in the UK with a loss of 425 jobs.

It invested US$1 billion in the United States on 4 manufacturing

plants in Colorado State two to make blades, 1 to make nacelles

and another for tower manufacturing. They should all be opera-

tional this year with annual output of 4 000 blades, 1 400 nacelles

and 900 towers respectively. The company plans to employ about

4 000 people across North America in 2010. Vestas has also invested

heavily in China in its Tianjin Economic Development Area manu-

facturing centre, which was inaugurated in 2006 when the first

blade factory was built and has become a full wind turbine pro-

duction base (nacelles, generators, blades, control systems, and

so on). The new investments run up to US$220 million, making a

total of US$380 million invested in this centre. By the end of 2009,

Vestas total investment in China had exceeded US$439 million

(3 billion CNY).

The manufacturer also has a very high profile in the European off-

shore market where it had a cumulated market share of about 40%

at the end of 2009. Last Au gust it clinched a new order for 55 of its

V90-3MW turbine generators for the Belgian Bligh Bank farm

which will be located 46 km off Zeebrugge.

Looking to technical developments, the company started mar-

keting two new turbines in February 2009 the V100-1.8 MW and

the V112-3 MW, which will be ready for installation on sites with

low and medium wind conditions in 2010 and 2011. An offshore ver-

sion of the V112-3 MW is also available, which is at its best when

wind speeds are up to 9.5 m/s. A new prototype of its V60-850 kW

turbine was presented in April 2009. The first order for this turbine,

which will be manufactured in the Vestas Hohhot facility, Inner

Mongolia, was placed in December 2009. Vestas is also working on

developing a 6-MW offshore turbine, but has yet to announce its

launch date.

GE Eng ing f n akThe American manufacturer, which has a commanding position in

its domestic market with over 40% in 2009 (around 4 GW installed),

is competing with Vestas for the global leadership. GE Energy has

clinched some major orders for 2010, while the ranking of the main

manufacturers for 2009 is being finalised, including the supply of

wind turbines for the biggest US wind farm in Oregon. The 845-MW

capacity farm will soak up US$1.4 billion of investment and will be

equipped with GE 2.5xl, the companys new flagship turbine. The

GE Eer est e

cocrrece vec ests

por ever e ro 1

o vec s trbe

GE 2,5.

GE Energy is competing

with Vestas for the world

no. 1 slot with its GE 2.5xl

turbine.

GE Energy


21/28

66

windenergy

barometer



GE E Le brct rc, trs be posto

sr so rc to ec, e 2009, ps

e 40 % e prt e rc (prs e 4 G s-

ts), est e cocrrece ec ests poreer e 1 o. E ttet e cs-

seet t es prcp costrc-

ters por e 2009, GE Eer cro-

c porttes coes por e

2010. I rer pr eepe es oees

ps r prc es tts-s st s -

tt e Oreo. Ce prc, e pssce e

845 , cesster estsseet 1,4

r e ors et ser qp e GE 2.5,

oee trbe pre e etreprse.

Le brct rc rer eet

101 trbes rope

ertqe tcqe

CE, q prot e

costrre e ps r

prc oe terrestre

erope e oe.

Cette ere e 600 ,

cesster ests-

seet 1,1 r

eros. GE est eet prset sr e r-

c cos. Letreprse oc e 12 j-

er erer or s cotrt por

rso e 88 trbes e csse 1,5

ECIC e Eer Co., Lt, es prc-

p eoppers oes cos. Cette

coe qper tros prcs terrestres

e pssce ce e 132 . ce

jor, GE sest ee orr 895 trbes

oees 1,5 Ce. GE e-

et c e spter s e trs pro-

etter rc e. I costrt cte-

eet s prere se s e ps, prs

e e e Ce (s-est ps). Cette

se, q pror GE 1,5 s e

ee trestre 2010, ser ote e

cpct e procto ee e 450 .

Letreprse, bsete rc e o-

sore eps 2003 (e e costrcto

prc ro e er Ire), prcs

so r-trt por e secter e rcett

e octobre erer e brct ore

Sc por 15 os eros. Ltrt

por e brct est cqrr tecoo-

e rect re q prsete e obre

tes por ce rc, otet sr

e p e sre es pces.

G Le 2009 t pe ps ce por

e brct espo q prot, tro-

se trestre, e possbe to

e ses etes e 3 684 etre 3 300 et

3 600 e 2009. or 2010, Ges pr-

ot e cosoer ses postos sr es pr-

cp rcs erets. or ce, e-

treprse coec costrcto e so

preer cetre e procto Ce eIe. ote e cpct e procto

te e 200 , etreprse espre po-

or rpore beso rc e

et es ps oss. Ges cote -

eet pter so ore e prots

ee spcqe e cqe rc, e

ett sesbeet cpct e

ses ses e procto tts-s et

e Ce. s ce cre, Ges co-

ec procto e ses preres -

ts e G90-2 tts-s et port

trose trestre

s cpct e pro-

cto s ce ps

1 200 . re-

et, Ges cot-

e eoppeet

stre e Ce e

s G8-2 e p-

tt so t s-

sebe e cees et e trbes, et e

cerct e oe ccors por

ortre e pes et e botes e tesses

es prterts strtqes s

ro. Ce eoppeet ert tre -

s rt e preer trestre e 2010 et

perettre etreprse e sposer e

cpct e procto e 1 000 e

Ce rprte sr e ptes-ores e

procto sr so ste e j : G5-

0.85 et G8-2 . Le rc cos

est prtcreet proetter. Ges

et so prtere cos C Go

cer Co ot s e j erer

ccor por e eoppeet e pro-

jets oes s ro e So

portt sr 253 , rbes sr proe

2009-2011. s oe,

Ges s tre

ccor ec e

Eer eeopet Co,

por rso e 300

(trbes G5-850

et G8-2.0 ), eet

rbes sr proe

2009-2013, por es projets sts s

ro tooe e ooe trere.

E Erope, Ges e 2009 peeet

prot e crossce e so rc

to ec, seo ssocto espoe

EE, 845,2 sts, sot 34,4 % e prt

e rc. Letreprse est eet trs

be postoe sr e rc te,

qee cosre coe e ses rcs

strtqes. E 2009, etreprse pr

eepe s e oe cotrts

ec cope tee Epoer 3,

por rso et stto e 49 tr-bes G8-2 por es prcs e Cttoc

et e Lercr 1. Ee se postoe ss sr

e rc ro o ee e 52 tr-

bes e 2 por tros prcs sts s

ro e obroe.

Sr e p tecooqe, etreprse

prset e j 2009 so oe proto-

tpe oee e csse 4,5 ( G10-

4.5 ). So reeet e ser q-

et cosoto e ps e 3 000

oers. Ee sposer tre e

rotor e 128 tres et e tor e 120

tres e t.

E, 7 MW Lstre e est e se r br-

ct oe pet et est ps cot

e orse. Les ortos retes c-

tt e etreprse sot e ce t ps -

ces obter. Cee-c ert cepet

or te e crossce poste e

so ctt, booste e prte pr e -

etto e prt e rc sr so r-

c to (60,4 % e prt e rc e

2009 seo e EI).

Letreprse t es ros ttres e

oebre 2009 ors e rto es

cq preres oees rect re

E126 e 6 prc Estes e e-

qe (vor poto p. 67). Ce prc, q co-

porter 11 ces, prtc-

rt ccer es oees es ps

psstes js coercses.

ps est, ces ces seret ctee-

et bres et porret or e ps-

sce oe e 7 . Seo so,

cet Eerco, e prc

ert prore cqe

e tor e 187 G,

e procto sste

por eter qeqe

50 000 oers. Letreprse

est eet trs pr-

sete sr es rcs -

terto (C, Ie, stre) et

posse, e ps e ses ses e proc-

to ees (rc, Ee et e-

bor), es ts e procto e Ie,

rs, e Se, ort et e rqe.

Ges cote pter soore e prots eespcqe e cqe rc

Gamesa is also pursuing theadjustment of its product offerto the specific needs of eachmarket

60,4 % prt e rc Eercosr e rc e e 2009

te ret sre o Eercoo te Ger ret 2009


22/28


23/28

68

windenergy

barometer



Des oees brcte So ptess tt e Gjrt, oest e Ie.

Wind turbines madeby Indian manufacturerSuzlon installedin Gujarat State,in Western India.

Sisse Brimberg & Cotton Coulson


24/28

69

barom

tre

olien



Enercon, a 7-MW turbine under surveillanceThe German manufacturer is the only major independent wind

turbine manufacturer and is not quoted on the Stock Exchange.

Therefore data relating to the companys business is harder to

obtain. Nonetheless, it should have maintained positive growth

in 2009, partly boosted by an increase in its market share of the

domestic market (60.4% market share in 2009 according to DEWI).

The company made big headlines in November 2009 when it inau-

gurated the first five direct drive 6-MW E126 wind turbines at

the Estinnes (see picture p.67) wind farm in Belgium. The farm,

which will eventually have 11 machines, is outstanding because

it features the most powerful wind turbines sold

to date. What is more, these machines will actu-

ally be down-rated and could have a nominal

capacity of 7 MW. According to WindVision, its

client, the wind farm should produce about 187

GWh per annum which is sufficient to supply

50 000 households. The company also has a

strong foothold in the international markets

(Canada, India, Australia) and in addition to its German manu-

facturing facilities (Aurich, Emden and Magdeburg), has plants in

India, Brazil, Sweden, Portugal and Turkey.

Sinovel climbing upwardsThe Chinese manufacturer has enjoyed a meteoric rise, carried

it has to be said by the equally spectacular growth of its domes-

tic market. It claims to have delivered 3 300 MW in 2009 which is

twice as much as in 2008. Sinovel has made major research and

development efforts to make up for lost time on the technologi-

cal aspects of the multi-megawatt class of wind turbines, relying

on an R&D facility that employs some 200 people. Last year,

Sinovel installed its first 3-MW class wind turbines on the offshore

Shanghai East Sea project and a further thirty were being

shipped and certified. The company is banking on this technology

showcase to gain market share abroad as well as its well-proven

SL-1500 turbine.

Siemens on all frontsThe Siemens acquisition of Danish manufacturer Bonus ju st over

five years ago has paid off. Siemens Wind Power, which relocated

the company headquarters from Denmark to Hamburg in Ger-

many, forecasts sales of almost 3 billion euros in

2009 (2 935 million euros) which testifies to strong

growth over 2008 (2 092 million in sales). The com-

pany should have delivered 2 500 MW in 2009 as

against a little less than 2 000 in 2008. Its order

book is looking healthy as last year orders for at

least 1 225 wind turbines for a capacity of over

4 000 MW (onshore and offshore) were placed

with the German manufacturer. The company is in a perfect posi-

tion in the offshore market, which is due to skyrocket in the next

few years, and will rely on its 3.6-MW second generation offshore

wind turbine, the SWT-3.6-120 to succeed. The manufacturers

order book is well filled, with, for example, the supply of 140 units

of its SWT-3.6 MW-107 to the Greater Gabbard offshore farm, which

will be the biggest offshore wind farm ever built when it is com-

missioned in 2011. It will also equip the London Array offshore farm

with another 175 3.6-MW machines. Siemens is also very active in

3 billion Sees Poer

orecsts ses 2009

e cre res ttee Sees Poer e 2009

Use e proctocose e SL-1500e Soe.

The Sinovel Chinesemanufacturing unitfor the SL-1500.

Sinovel


25/28

70

windenergy

barometer



Soe e pee scesoLsceso e stre cos est spec-

tcre, porte est r pr o os

spectcre crossce e so rc

to. Seo e brct, Soe r

3300 e 2009, sot ps obe qe2008. Lstre t e ros eorts e

teres e recerce et eoppeet

por cober so retr tecooqe sr

e seet es oees e csse t-

tts. I sppe por ce sr

cetre e recerce et eoppeet

epot qeqe 200 persoes. L

erer, Soe st ses preres

oees e csse 3 sr e projet o-

sore S Est Se project et e

trete tres tet e cors e-

pto et e certcto. Letreprse

copte sr cette tre tecooqe

por er es prts e rc tr-

er. Soe pet eet copter sr s

trbe SL-1500 j reet proe.

Sees sr tos es rotsLe rct pr Sees pe ps e

cq s brct os os est e

rsste. Sees oer, q

erer pc e se e etreprse

er bor e ee, pr-

ot cre res e prs e 3 -

rs eros e 2009 (2 935 os e-

ros) e orte proresso pr rpport 2008

(2 092 os). Letreprse ert or

r 2 500 e 2009 cotre pe os

e 2 000 e 2008. Le cret e coes

e etreprse est be r psqe

erer e brct e re es

coes os 1 225 oees

por e pssce ect es 4 000

(terrestres et rtes). Letreprse est

prteet be postoe sr e r-

c e osore q eposer ces pro-

ces es. I spper por ce sr

s ee rto oee o-sore e 3,6 , S-3.6-120. I orr

pr eepe es 140

ts e s S-3.6

-107 prc o-

sore e Greter Gb-

br, q eer,

ors e s se e ser-

ce pr e 2011, e

ps r prc o-

sore js rs. I

qper eet e prc osore e

Loo rr ec 175 tres ces e

3,6 . Letreprse est eet trs

cte sr e rc terrestre. E sep-

tebre erer, ee croc cotrt

ec cope cossse rtrct por

rso e 350 e trbes e csse

2,3 por prc st Ce e

cosse. Sees ss reorc s pr-

sece tts-s o oert e

ee se, E s Ios (bote

e tesses et tres coposts). Cette

se cesster estsseet e 20

os e ors et epoer 300 per-

soes. Sees costrt eet s

prere se ssebe sr e so -

rc. Ee ser ste s e cetre-s

ss et rer cqe e 650

oees e csse 2,3 . Sees q

bcer e e ptto e

5 os e ors, estr 50 os

e ors et crer ps e 200 epos.

Letreprse spose pr ers e se

e procto e pes s Io. Se-

es, q est prset sr tos es rots,

estt eet e Ce o costrt

e se e 60 os e ors s

e e L, s prte est porte S. Cette se sseber es

cees et pror

es pes por ses

oees e 2,3 et

e 3,6 por e r-

c to et ter-

to.

Sr e p tecoo-

qe, Sees sest

ttq oopoe

Eerco e stt, s e e

re er, preer prototpe

oee ss bote e tesses, S-

3.0-101 (por rect re).

tres brcts sot ss trs be

reprsets sr es rcs erope et

o. str e Soe, es brcts

cos, Go et o, sot trs

be reprsets sr er rc to,

e e qe stre e So,

eet prset sr e rc r-

c. So prote eet e cros-

sce brct e epoer, ot

tet 91 % es prts. Ce erer, prset

os sr e rc terrestre et e r-

c osore, croc e 2009 por-

tts cotrts, pr esqes e co-

e e 954 (477 oees 82/92)

EF eres oees et e ES C

por es prcs ests tre sts

bec etre 2011 et 2015. epoer est

eet trs ct sr e rc e o-

sore. I eoppe cteeet e o-

ee ce e pssce e 6,15

bse sr tecooe e epoer 5

j coercse. Ler e cette o-

ee trbe est j ssr ec s-

tre, e rer 2009, ccor ec

E Io portt sr rso e 250

oees osore. E Io cotrc-

ts e rer 2010 ortre e 48

preres ces e 6,15 q serot

stes sr e prc e orsee Ost (295

e pssce) etre 2011 et 2013.

r es tres cters eropes, o

pet cter cco poer q spose

e tros ses e procto e trbes

e cpct e ps e 2 G, e e

Istto prototpee epoer 6 .

Installation of aRepower 6-M prototype

turbine.

Repower

3 300 MW pssce oee ore

pr Soe e 2009 poer cpct sppe

b Soe 2009


26/28

the onshore wind farm market. Last September, it clinched a con-

tract with Scottish utility Airtricity for the delivery of 350 MW of

class 2.3-MW turbines for a wind farm in Clyde, Scotland. Siemens

has also underpinned its presence in the United States where it

has opened a second plant at Elgin, Illinois (gear boxes and other

components). The plant will be built at an investment of US$20 mil-

lions and employ 300 people. Siemens is

also constructing its first assembly plant

on American soil in the centre-south of

Kansas to deliver 650 class 2.3 MW wind tur-

bines per annum year. Siemens which will

take up US$5 million in inward investment

aid will invest US$50 million and create

over 200 jobs. Furthermore the company

has a blade manufacturing plant in Iowa.

Siemens, which is thus present on all fronts, is also investing in

China where it is constructing a factory at a cost of US$60 million

in the city of Lingang, in the East of Shanghai Port. The facility will

assemble nacelles and produce blades for its 2.3-MW and 3.6-MW

wind turbines for the national and international markets.

Turning to technology, Siemens has challenged Enercons

monopoly by installing a first gearbox-free wind turbine proto-

type, the SWT-3.0-101 DD (for Direct Drive) in the city of Brande in

Denmark.

71

barom

tre

olien



Other manufacturers are also very well represented in the Euro-

pean and global markets. Like Sinovel, Chinese manufacturers

Goldwind and Donfgang, have a foothold in their domestic mar-

ket. The same applies to Indian manufacturer Suzlon, which is also

in the American market. Suzlon takes also advantage of the

growth of the German manufacturer Repower, in which it has a

91% share holding. The latter operates in

both the onshore and offshore markets

pulled off some major contracts in 2009

including an order for 954 MW (477 MM82/92

wind turbines) from EDF nergies Nouvelles

and RES Canada for wind farms to be

installed in Qubec between 2011 and 2015.

Repower is also highly active in the offshore

market and is currently developing a new

turbine with a capacity of 6.15 MW based on Repower 5M tech-

nology that is already in the market. This new turbines future is

already assured with the signing of an agreement with RWE

Innogy in February 2009, for the delivery of 250 offshore wind tur-

bines. In February 2010 RWE Innogy signed a contract for the sup-

ply of the first 48 6.15-MW turbines to be installed in the Nordsee

Ost farm (295 MW capacity) between 2011 and 2013.

Siemens has challenged Enerconsmonopoly by installing a firstgearbox-free wind turbine prototype

Sees sest ttq oopoeEerco e stt preerprototpe oee ss botee tesses

Dex tecces ssret tece e trbe

Sees sr e prce Lr (Se).

Two maintenance engineers

working on a Siemensturbine in the Lillgrundwind farm (off Sweden).

Siemens Pressebild/press photo


27/28

72

windenergy

barometer



Ce brotre t rs prObserE s e cre projetErObserE reropt ObserE(F), EC (L), Ecreo (E), Isttteor eebe Eer (EC EC I.E.O,L), oe Ste Isttte (SL), ece sote cer e ee et

e G re (prore ereIteete-Erope), et pb prSstes Sores, Le or eseres eoebes. Le cotee cette pbcto ee qe resposbt e so ter ete reprsete ps opo e Cot eropee.L Cosso eropee est psresposbe e se q porrt tret es ortos q ret.

This barometer was prepared byObservER in the scope of theEurObservER Project which groupstogether ObservER (FR), ECN (NL),

Eclareon (DE), Isttte oreebe Eer (EC EC I.E.O, L),Jozef Stefan Institute (SL), with thefinancial support of Ademe and DGTren (Intelligent Energy-Europeprogramme), and published bySystmes Solaires, Le Journal desnergies Renouvelables. The soleresponsibility for the content of thispublication lies with the authors.It does not represent the opinionof the European Communities.The European Commission is notresponsible for any use that may bemade of the information containedtherein.

Espe et e tts-s s Io.

cco prot e trbe 1,5 j

ee ps e 2 200 eepres et -

cer cette e s prere oee e

csse 3 , 3- 1500. O pet -

eet cter e brct e ore,prtcreet be pt sr e r-

c rs o st 715 rt

e 2009. ore est

ss prset e Ce o

prot es oees

e csses 1,5 et 2,5 ,

spceet es

rc cos. I spo-

ser proceet e

cpct e procto

tts-s ec costrcto e

prere se s tt e rss.

Cette se ssebe e cees, e

cpct e procto e 750 , co-

ecer prore s ee o-

t e e et ser copteet opr-

toee e 2012.

union europenne : plus

de 11 000 mw attendus en

2010

r crse, e rc oe e o

eropee te totes ses proesses

e tbsst oe recor st-

tos. or cette e, crossce

rc ert rester poste r

eroeet cer tojors ce.

Les prcp rcs eropes b-

cet tojors e potqes e sote trs

ctes reorces pr prse e cos-

cece r pbc e cesst e

tter cotre es ssos e eet e

serre. Le rc porr eet sp-

per sr e coe tte e certs

rcs Erope cetre (oe,

ooe) et sr coeo ttee e

ps e 1 G osore. tre et

orbe est to ttee

cot es trbes, j orce e 2009 et

q ert sccrer e 2010. Cette -

to t ree possbe pr e bsse

portte pr es tres preres

(e pr e cer pr eepe t s

pr e etre jet 2008 et jet 2009),

s eet t e prsece ps

rqe sr e rc ceters spo-

st e res cpcts cres,

coe es res copes ectr-

ct. Ces cters sot e eet cpbes e

re presso sr es pr e cot

e res qtts e ces. Cette

to tt ttee prs psers

es etto cote pr

es ces (+ 40-50 % etre 2004 et 2008)

t e etto pr es

tres preres et e ee co-teeet sprere ore. s ces

cotos, ErObserE tet ses pr-

sos e crossce

rc e o ero-

pee 15 % por 2010,

sot prc c e

orre e 86 000 (r-

pqe 4).

ps o tere, es pro-

essoes e re oee sot

ecore ps optstes. Lopto e

oee recte eropee cot

EE rer ses objects por

o eropee e 2020. s s pb-

cto re oer e cebre 2009,

EE este rsbe cette te e

pssce ste e 230 G ot 40 G

osore, cotre object prcet e

180 G. Cette pssce perettrt e

tore e rer e procto e 582

(433 terrestres et 148 o-

sore), qet cosoto

oee e 131 os e oers ero-

pes, et sste por rpore 14,2 %

e ee ectrct. 333 os e

toes e CO2 porret s tre coo-

ses cqe e. or 2030, ssoc-

to r ses objects e 300 G

400 G ot 150 G osore. Cette ps-

sce corresport procto e

1 155 (592 terrestres et 563

osore), qet cosoto

oee e 241 os e oers ero-

pes et rpot etre 26 et 34,7 % es

besos e ectrct es ps e o

eropee. Ee tert e rejet s t-

ospre e 600 os e toes e CO2

cqe e.

Cette crossce cesster cee

eropee es estsseets cooss

e tre rstrctres rse, o

seeet sr terre s eet e

er. Le rc osore, e ret e r-

c terrestre, ert perettre e -

ser crossce eropee. e tre

pbcto e EE, Oces o oppor-

ttes, este 100 G pssce es

prcs osore estts o e projets,

cpbe pporter 10 % e ectrct

eropee et cooser 200 os

e toes e CO2 cqe e. Seo s-

socto, stto e tee ps-

sce cesstert se e pce

rse perope tercoectt es

rets prcs e er or et e er

tqe. te rse perettrt

ps tercoects eter erscpcts ce, ort scrt

e er pprosoeet.

Ses objects peet prtre ots

s s perot e csos prses

s es procs os. Ce sot e eet es

estsseets rss s es r-

strctres rse s es proces

es q tererot e e e

crossce e oe et s cotrbto

objects e oee recte ero-

pee.

230 GWe oe object e E

por 2020Es e tret or 2020


28/28

Other European manufacturers worth mentioning include Acciona

Windpower which has three turbine manufacturing facilities with

over 2 GW of production capacity two in Spain and the third in

Iowa in the US. Acciona produces and has already sold over 2 200

units of its 1.5-MW turbine and this year is to launch its first class

3 MW wind turbine, the 3-MW AW 1500. Then there is Nordex, the

German manufacturer, which has a strong foothold in the French

market where it installed 715 MW during 2009. Nordex is also pre-

sent in China where it manufactures the 1.5 and 2.5-MW class wind

turbines specifically for the Chinese market. It will shortly have

manufacturing capacity in the US with its first purpose-built facil-

ity in Arkansas. The nacelle assembly plant with 750 MW of pro-

duction capacity will come on stream in the second half of the year

and be fully operational in 2012.

eu over 11 000 mw expected in 2010

Despite the economic crisis, the European Union wind power mar-

ket has kept all its promises by establishing a new record for

installations. Market growth should remain positive this year

despite the continuing difficult financial situation. The main Euro-

pean markets are still being very actively backed by the general

publics awareness of the need to combat greenhouse gas emis-

sions. The market will also be able to rely on the expected take-

off a number of Central European markets (Romania and Poland)

and the expected grid connection of over 1 GW offshore. Another

promising factor is the expected decrease in the cost of turbines,

which started in 2009 and that should accelerate in 2010. This

reduction has been caused by a major decrease in raw materials

prices (for example the price of steel halved between July 2008 and

July 2009), and also because of the stronger presence of buyers

with major financial capacities on the market, such as the elec-

73

barom

tre

olien

Le proc brotretrter potootqe

The topic of the next barometerwill be photovoltaic

tricity majors. These actors wield pressure on prices by ordering

turbines in large quantities. The reduction was expected after seve-

ral years of steadily increasing machine prices (up 40-50% between

2004 and 2008) because of the increase in raw materials prices and

demand constantly outstripping supply. Accordingly, EurObservER

is sticking to its European Union market growth forecasts at 15%for 2010, i.e. a cumulated base of around 86 000 MW (graph 4).

The industry is even more optimistic about its longer term

prospects. The adoption of the new European directive has made

EWEA reassess its goals for the European Union in 2020. In the

December 2009 issue of its Pure Power publication, EWEA esti-

mates that installed capacity of 230 GW including 40 GW of off-

shore is feasible by that date, as against its previous goal of 180

GW. This capacity would theoretically deliver 582 TWh (433 TWh

onshore and 148 TWh offshore), equivalent to the mean con-

sumption of 131 million European households, and sufficient to

meet 14.2% of the electricity demand, thus saving 333 million

tonnes of CO2 every year. The association has raised its goals for

2030 from 300 to 400 GW including 150 GW offshore which would

correspond to the production of 1 155 TWh (592 TWh onshore and

563 TWh offshore), to the mean consumption of 241 million Euro-

pean households and meet 26 to 34.7% of the European Union

member states electricity needs. It would annually avoid the

release of 600 million tonnes of CO2 into the atmosphere.

Growth of this magnitude will call for colossal investments at Euro-

pean scale in grid infrastructures, not only onshore but also off-

shore. By relaying the onshore market, the offshore market should

boost European growth. Another EWEA publication, Oceans of

opportunities, puts the capacity of existing or forthcoming offshore

wind farms at 100 GW, capable of providing 10% of Europes elec-

tricity and saving 200 million tonnes of CO2 every year. According

to the association, installation of this magnitude of capacity would

require the setting up of a pan-European grid interconnecting the

various wind farms in the North Sea and Baltic Sea. A grid of this

nature would enable the interconnected countries to increase their

exchange capacities, while enhancing the security of their supply.

These goals may appear a long way off but they will depend on

the decisions taken in the next few months. This is because the

investments made in grid infrastructure in the years to come will

determine the wind power growth rate and its contribution to the

new European directives goals.

Sources table : DEWI (Gemany), AEE (Spain), ANEV (Italy), ENEA (Italy), Ademe

(France), DECC (United kingdom), BWEA (United Kingdom), ENS (Denmark), WSH

(Netherlands), Svensk Vindenergi (Sweden), IWEA (Ireland), HWEA (Greece), IG Wind-

kraft (Austria), EC BREC I.E.O (Poland), APERE (Belgium), Hungarian Wind Energy

Association, Ministry of Industry and Trade (Czech Republic), Estonian Wind Power

Association, VTT ( Finland), WEC/Romanian National Committee, Jozef Stefan

Institut (Slovenia), EWEA, GWEC.

65 172

86 000

74 800

Livreblanc

WhitePaper

56 681

40 000

2007 2008 2009 2010

Grph. 4Coprso e tece ctee ec es objects Lre bc (e ).Comparaison of the current trend with the White Paperobjectives (in MW)

Les dcimales sont spares par une virgule. Decimals are written with a comma.Sorce: ErObserE 1.

EurObserver Wind Barometer Mart 2010

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