EUM/PEPS/VWG/09/0012 Issue 1, 26/01/2009 Candidates for the Post-EPS Observation Missions,...
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Transcript of EUM/PEPS/VWG/09/0012 Issue 1, 26/01/2009 Candidates for the Post-EPS Observation Missions,...
EUM/PEPS/VWG/09/0012Issue 1, 26/01/2009
Candidates for the Post-EPS Observation Candidates for the Post-EPS Observation
Missions, Prioritisation, and Missions, Prioritisation, and
Preliminary AssessmentPreliminary Assessment
EUM/PEPS/VWG/09/001226/01/2009 Slide: 2
Towards Candidate Observation Missions
• On the basis of the user needs, candidate observation missions and requirements were identified with the support of the Post-EPS Mission Experts Team (PMET)
Post-EPS Mission Requirements Document (MRD), which is contained on the CD-ROM of in the Workshop hand-outs.
• Due to the breadth of the user requirements, as many as 21 missions could be needed!
• Approach taken to implement of a suite of baseline missions covering a wide range of applications rather than fewer sophisticated missions, covering only a few applications.
• The baseline level of performance is determined by the driving requirements and further moderated by feasibility and maturity of the observation techniques.
• The primary missions have been identified by extent to which they fulfil the EUMETSAT mandate and strategy, the maturity of the observation technique, and the continuation of heritage missions, in particular EPS missions and the mid-morning sounding.
EUM/PEPS/VWG/09/001226/01/2009 Slide: 3
Prioritisation: ranking of observation missions
• A prioritisation of observation missions is necessary to focus the Phase 0 studies in a meaningful way
• The benefit of potential missions is quantified for the following application areas– Numerical weather prediction– Nowcasting– Climate monitoring– Atmospheric chemistry– Oceanography– Hydrology
• Further weight is assigned to the continuity of the EPS Programme
EUM/PEPS/VWG/09/001226/01/2009 Slide: 4
Ranking due to potential data gaps
• An additional ranking has been suggested to take into account potential future data gaps in the global observing system
• Implementation is not straight forward– Lacking basis in EUMETSAT strategy– Prediction into the Post-EPS time frame is extremely difficult in view of
lacking information– Weighting of the gap impact relative to other impact factors can lead to
arbitrary results– EUMETSAT is not a “gap-filler”
• Suggestion by mission experts to keep this ranking separate from application and strategy based ranking
EUM/PEPS/VWG/09/001226/01/2009 Slide: 5
Mission ranking (1/3)
Application Weight (W) 4 2 2 1 1 1 1
Average Priority (P) 1.43 0.81 1.76 0.90 1.00 0.81 0.86
Adjusted Weight (w = W / P) 2.80 2.47 1.14 1.11 1.00 1.24 1.17
Priority/Contribution (0=none 3=highest)
Candidate MissionNWP NWC CM AC Ocean Hydro EPS
contWeigh
AvRank
incl gaps
Infrared Sounding (IRS) 3 2 2 3 1 1 3 2.3 Very high
Microwave Sounding (MWS) 3 2 3 1 1 2 3 2.3 Very high
VIS/IR Imaging (VII) 2 3 2 1 2 3 3 2.3 Very high
Scatterometry (SCA) 2 3 2 0 3 2 3 2.2 Very high
MW Imaging-Precipitation(MWI-P)
2 2 2 0 2 30
1.7 Low
MW Imaging-Ocean/Land(MWI-OL)
2 1 2 0 3 20
1.5 Low
Radio Occultation (RO) 2 1 2 1 0 0 3 1.4 High
EUM/PEPS/VWG/09/001226/01/2009 Slide: 6
Mission ranking (2/3)
Application Weight (W) 4 2 2 1 1 1 1
Average Priority (P) 1.43 0.81 1.76 0.90 1.00 0.81 0.86
Adjusted Weight (w = W / P) 2.80 2.47 1.14 1.11 1.00 1.24 1.17
Priority/Contribution (0=none 3=highest)
Candidate MissionNWP NWC CM AC Ocean Hydro EPS
contWeigh
AvRank
incl gaps
UVNS Sounding (UVNS) 1 0 2 3 0 0 3 1.1 Medium
Multi-viewing Multi-polarisation Imaging (3MI)
1 1 2 2 0 10
1.0 Medium
Doppler Wind Lidar (DWL) 2 1 1 1 0 0 0 0.9 Medium
Dual View Radiometry (DVR) 1 0 3 0 3 0 0 0.9 Low
Radar Altimetry (ALT) 1 0 3 0 3 0 0 0.9 Low
Cloud and Precipitation Profiling Radar (CPR)
1 1 1 0 0 10
0.7 Medium
MW Imaging-Cloud ( MWI-C) 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0.7 Medium
Radiant Energy Radiometry (RER)
1 0 3 0 0 10
0.7 Low
EUM/PEPS/VWG/09/001226/01/2009 Slide: 7
Mission ranking (3/3)
Application Weight (W) 4 2 2 1 1 1 1
Average Priority (P) 1.43 0.81 1.76 0.90 1.00 0.81 0.86
Adjusted Weight (w = W / P) 2.80 2.47 1.14 1.11 1.00 1.24 1.17
Priority/Contribution (0=none 3=highest)
Candidate MissionNWP NWC CM AC Ocean Hydro EPS
contWeigh
AvRank
incl gaps
Total Solar IrradianceMonitoring (TSIM)
1 0 3 0 0 00
0.6 Low
Limb Infra-Red Sounding(LIR)
1 0 1 2 0 00
0.6 Medium
Limb Millimetre-WaveSounding (MMW)
1 0 1 2 0 00
0.6 Medium
Ocean Colour Imaging (OCI) 0 0 1 0 3 1 0 0.5 Low
Aerosol Profiling Lidar (APL) 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0.4 Low
Differential Absorption Lidar(DIA)
1 0 0 1 0 00
0.4 Low
EUM/PEPS/VWG/09/001226/01/2009 Slide: 8
Preliminary assessment: selection criteria
• Contribution of the mission to the fulfilment of EUMETSAT high level objectives (Convention and Strategy)
• Preference for solutions that address a broader set of mission objectives, rather than those which strive for the highest compliance for only the top priority ones
• Maturity of the technology, suitability for an operational mission, and minimisation of development risk
• Expected data gaps versus similar missions planned by other agencies
• Compliance with the financial constraints and optimisation of cost/benefit relationship
EUM/PEPS/VWG/09/001226/01/2009 Slide: 9
Preliminary assessment (1/3)
Observation Mission Phase 0 study approach and special cases
High-Resolution Infrared Sounding (IRS) Retained in phase 0 studies
Microwave Sounding (MWS) Retained in phase 0 studies
Scatterometry (SCA) Retained in phase 0 studies
VIS/IR Imaging (VII) Retained in phase 0 studies
Radio Occultation Sounding (RO) Retained in phase 0 studies
Microwave Imaging (MWI) 1.4 GHz channel: Assessment based on SMOS - await demonstration of SMOS
Channels >18 GHz retained in phase 0 studies (focus on precipitation and clouds)
Channels < 18 GHz not retained, reliance on MIS to be flown by NOAA
EUM/PEPS/VWG/09/001226/01/2009 Slide: 10
Preliminary assessment (2/3)
Observation Mission Phase 0 study approach and special cases
Nadir viewing UV/VIS/NIR - SWIR Sounding (UVNS)
Accommodation only, payload defined in Sentinel 5 phase 0 study
Doppler Wind Lidar (DWL) Await demonstration by ADM and continue studying improvement of laser lifetime
Aerosol Profiling Lidar (APL) Await demonstration by ADM and study possible combination with DWL
Multi-viewing, Multi-channel, Multi-polarisation Imaging (3MI)
Retained in phase 0 studies
Dual View Radiometry (DVR) Not addressed, payload of Sentinel 3
Radar Altimetry (ALT) Not addressed, payload of Sentinel 3 and Jason follow-on
Ocean Colour Imaging (OCI) Not addressed, payload of Sentinel 3
EUM/PEPS/VWG/09/001226/01/2009 Slide: 11
Preliminary assessment (3/3)
Observation Mission Phase 0 study approach and special cases
Cloud and Precipitation Profiling Radar (CPR) Not retained, needs separate platform at low altitude and lacks maturity for operational mission
Radiant Energy Radiometry (RER) Accommodation of CERES instrument considered, inviting NOAA to provide payload
Total Solar Irradiance Monitoring Mission (TSIM)
Need for only one instrument in space, accommodated by NPOESS
Limb Infra-Red Sounding (LIR) Not retained, lacking maturity for operational mission
Limb Millimetre-Wave Sounding (MMW) Not retained, lacking maturity for operational mission
Differential Absorption Lidar (DIA) Not retained, lacking maturity for operational mission
EUM/PEPS/VWG/09/001226/01/2009 Slide: 12
Mission requirements and prioritisation
• Mission requirements provide geometric, spectral and radiometric requirements in terms of threshold, breakthrough, and objective requirements on the basis of user requirements listed in the AEG Position Papers (user requirements for geophysical parameters)
• Mission requirements are prioritised within each mission, giving a ranking among the requirements (e.g. geometrical versus spectral resolution)
• Beyond the baseline further prioritised requirements are given
• Mandatory and desired synergies of observation missions have been identified
• Observation missions have been prioritised according to their general weight in the various application areas and the demand for continuity
• Observation missions which are not further considered due to lacking demonstration within the coming years are not considered in the following slides
EUM/PEPS/VWG/09/001226/01/2009 Slide: 13
Priority classes
Priority 1 (Very High):
Mandatory requirements that drive the mission, these requirements are
of utmost importance for the success of the mission and must be
implemented.
Priority 2 (High):
Important requirements that substantially contribute to the success of
the mission. Reasonable effort shall be made to implement them.
Priority 3 (Medium):
Beneficial requirement that has certain value to the success of the
mission, it shall be implemented with minimum effort.
Priority 4 (Low):Nice to have requirements which are marginally contributing to the success of the mission. It shall only be implemented on an opportunistic basis. No dedicated effort will be made to implement them.
EUM/PEPS/VWG/09/0012Issue 1, 26/01/2009
IRS
High-Resolution Infrared Sounding
EUM/PEPS/VWG/09/001226/01/2009 Slide: 15
IRS: heritage and priorities
• Heritage
– Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI)
• Priority
– Very high
• Baseline level performance
– That of IASI
– Continuous spectral coverage from 3.62 to 15.5 µm required
• Priority of requirements
– Radiometric resolution most important for NWP
– Spectral resolution more important for AC, as long as threshold values are covered
– Spectral and radiometric resolution have priority over spatial resolution, but latter must be ≤ 12 km
EUM/PEPS/VWG/09/001226/01/2009 Slide: 16
High-Resolution Infrared Sounding
4 1 1 2 2 1 1 2 1 2
Qprof
TprofTprof, Qprof, SST, Cloud
O3
SST, Cloud
Qprof
Qprof
Tprof Tprof SST, Cloud
IASI FM2
“IASI-2”
NWP NEDT Requirements
EUM/PEPS/VWG/09/001226/01/2009 Slide: 17
High-Resolution Infrared Sounding
4 1 1 2 2 1 1 2 1 2
Qprof
Tprof
Tprof, Qprof, SST, Cloud O3
SST, Cloud Qprof Qprof Tprof Tprof
SST, Cloud
IASI FM2
“IASI-2”
NWP Spectral Resolution Requirements
EUM/PEPS/VWG/09/001226/01/2009 Slide: 18
High-Resolution Infrared SoundingAtmospheric Chemistry: NEDT Requirements
PAN
HNO3,CFC
NH3,C2H4
O3 O3prof
HCOOH
Volc. SO2
PAN,NH3
Volc. SO2
Tprof,N2O,CH4
EUM/PEPS/VWG/09/001226/01/2009 Slide: 19
High-Resolution Infrared SoundingAtmospheric Chemistry: NEDT Requirements
CO
COprof
CH4 CH4
EUM/PEPS/VWG/09/001226/01/2009 Slide: 20
High-Resolution Infrared SoundingAtmospheric Chemistry: Spectral Resolution Requirements
PAN
HNO3,CFC
NH3,C2H4
O3 O3prof
HCOOH
Volc. SO2
PAN,NH3
Tprof,N2O,CH4 Volc. SO2
EUM/PEPS/VWG/09/001226/01/2009 Slide: 21
High-Resolution Infrared SoundingAtmospheric Chemistry: Spectral Resolution RequirementsAtmospheric Chemistry: Spectral Resolution Requirements
CO
COprofCH4 CH4
EUM/PEPS/VWG/09/001226/01/2009 Slide: 22
IRS: stability
EUM/PEPS/VWG/09/001226/01/2009 Slide: 23
IRS: requirements
• Radiometric homogeneity < 0.1 K @ 280 K– Between spectral samples at same spatial sample– Between spatial samples at same spectral sample
• Geometric requirements– Optimised for operation in Sun-synchronous orbit– Maximisation of useful viewing angle– Geolocation < 5/1/0.5 km (T/B/O)– Spatial sampling distance < 50/15/10 km (T/B/O)
• Synchronisation with medium-resolution multi-spectral imager ( 6 channels)– Cloud detection– Correction of shifts of ISRF in case of scene inhomogeneity
EUM/PEPS/VWG/09/0012Issue 1, 26/01/2009
MWS
Microwave Sounding
EUM/PEPS/VWG/09/001226/01/2009 Slide: 25
MWS: heritage and priorities
• Heritage– Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit A (AMSU-A) – Microwave Humidity Sounder (MHS)
• Priority– Very high
• Baseline level performance – That of AMSU-A plus MHS enhanced by 2 spectral channels
• Priority of requirements– Radiometric requirements have priority over geometric requirements
EUM/PEPS/VWG/09/001226/01/2009 Slide: 26
MWS: requirements
• Orbit and lifetime stability – < 0.2/0.15/0.1 K (T/B/O)
• Radiometric homogeneity < 0.3/0.2/0.1 K @ 280 K (T/B/O)– Between spectral samples at same spatial sample– Between spatial samples at same spectral sample
• Optimisation for operation in Sun-synchronous orbit
• Maximisation of useful viewing angle
• Equally spaced views in scan direction
• Cross-track scanner preferred
EUM/PEPS/VWG/09/001226/01/2009 Slide: 27
MWS: channel definitions (1/3)
Channel Frequency(GHz)
Bandwidth (MHz) Utilisation Priority
MWS-1 23.8 270 Water-vapour column 1
MWS -2 31.4 180 Window, water-vapour column
1
MWS -3 50.3 180 Quasi-window, surface emissivity
1
MWS -4 52.8 400 Temperature profile 1
MWS-4/5 53.246 0.08 2x140 Temperature profile 2
MWS -5 53.5960.115 2x170 Temperature profile 1
MWS-5/6 53.948 0.081 2x142 Temperature profile 2
MWS -6 54.40 400 Temperature profile 1
MWS -7 54.94 400 Temperature profile 1
MWS -8 55.50 330 Temperature profile 1
EUM/PEPS/VWG/09/001226/01/2009 Slide: 28
MWS: channel definitions (2/3)
Channel Frequency(GHz)
Bandwidth (MHz) Utilisation Priority
MWS -9 57.290344 330 Temperature profile 1
MWS-10 57.2903440.217 2x78 Temperature profile 1
MWS-11 57.290344 0.32220.048 4x36 Temperature profile 1
MWS-12 57.2903440.32220.022 4x16 Temperature profile 1
MWS-13 57.2903440.32220.010 4x8 Temperature profile 1
MWS-14 57.2903440.32220.0045 4x3 Temperature profile 1
MWS-15 89.0 40002, 3 Window 1
MWS-16 89.0 40002, 3 Window 1
MWS-17 164-167 30002 Quasi-window, water-vapour profile
1
MWS-18 183.3117.0 2x2000 Water-vapour profile 1
MWS-19 183.3114.5 2x2000 Water-vapour profile 1
MWS-20 183.3113.0 2x1000 Water-vapour profile 1
MWS-21 183.3111.8 2x1000 Water-vapour profile 1
MWS-22 183.3111.0 2x500 Water-vapour profile 1
EUM/PEPS/VWG/09/001226/01/2009 Slide: 29
MWS: channel definitions (3/3)
Channel Frequency (GHz) Bandwidth (MHz) Utilisation Priority
MWS-23 229 2000 Cirrus cloud detection 2
MWS-24 118.7503 ± 5.0000 2x2000 Temperature profile (optional)
3
MWS-25 118.7503 ± 3.0000 2x1000 Temperature profile (optional)
3
MWS-26 118.7503 ± 2.1000 2x800 Temperature profile (optional)
3
MWS-27 118.7503 ± 1.5000 2x400 Temperature profile (optional)
3
MWS-28 118.7503 ± 1.1000 2x400 Temperature profile (optional)
3
MWS-29 118.7503 ± 0.7000 2x400 Temperature profile (optional)
3
MWS-30 118.7503 ± 0.4000 2x200 Temperature profile (optional)
3
MWS-31 118.7503 ± 0.2000 2x100 Temperature profile (optional)
3
MWS-32 118.7503 ± 0.0800 2x20 Temperature profile (optional)
3
EUM/PEPS/VWG/09/001226/01/2009 Slide: 30
MWS: radiometric requirements and IPSF (1/3)
Channel Frequency(GHz)
NET (K)
O/B/T
Bias (K)
O/B/T
Polarisation Footprint Size at 3dB (km)
MWS-1 23.8 0.10/0.15/0.4 0.2/0.5/1.0 V 40
MWS -2 31.4 0.15/0.20/0.4 0.2/0.5/1.0 V 40
MWS -3 50.3 0.30/0.40/0.6 0.2/0.5/1.0 V 20
MWS -4 52.8 0.20/0.25/0.5 0.2/0.5/1.0 V 20
MWS-4/5 53.246 0.08 0.25/0.30/0.5 0.2/0.5/1.0 H 20
MWS -5 53.5960.115 0.25/0.30/0.5 0.2/0.5/1.0 H 20
MWS-5/6 53.948 0.081 0.25/0.30/0.5 0.2/0.5/1.0 H 20
MWS -6 54.40 0.20/0.25/0.5 0.2/0.5/1.0 H 20
MWS -7 54.94 0.20/0.25/0.4 0.2/0.5/1.0 V (H) 20
MWS -8 55.50 0.25/0.30/0.5 0.2/0.5/1.0 H(V) 20
EUM/PEPS/VWG/09/001226/01/2009 Slide: 31
MWS: radiometric requirements and IPSF (2/3)
Channel Frequency(GHz)
NET (K)
O/B/T
Bias (K)
O/B/T
Polarisation Footprint Size at 3dB (km)
MWS -9 57.2903 0.25/0.30/0.5 0.2/0.5/1.0 H(V) 20
MWS-10 57.29030.217 0.35/0.45/0.75 0.2/0.5/1.0 H(V) 20
MWS-11 57.290.3320.048 0.35/0.45/0.75 0.2/0.5/1.0 H(V) 20
MWS-12 57.290.3320.022 0.60/0.70/1.2 0.2/0.5/1.0 H(V) 20
MWS-13 57.290.3220.010 0.80/1.00/1.5 0.2/0.5/1.0 H(V) 20
MWS-14 57.290.3220.004 1.40/1.60/2.0 0.2/0.5/1.0 H(V) 20
MWS-15 89.0 0.20/0.25/0.5 0.2/0.5/1.0 V 20
MWS-16 89.0 0.40/0.50/1.0 0.2/0.5/1.0 V 15
MWS-17 164-167 0.25/0.30/1.0 0.2/0.5/1.0 V 15
MWS-18 183.317 0.30/0.40/0.8 0.2/0.5/1.0 V 15
MWS-19 183.314.5 0.30/0.40/0.8 0.2/0.5/1.0 V 15
MWS-20 183.313.0 0.45/0.60/1.0 0.2/0.5/1.0 V 15
MWS-21 183.311.8 0.45/0.60/1.0 0.2/0.5/1.0 V 15
MWS-22 183.311.0 0.60/0.75/1.0 0.2/0.5/1.0 V 15
EUM/PEPS/VWG/09/001226/01/2009 Slide: 32
MWS: radiometric requirements and IPSF (3/3)
Channel Frequency(GHz)
NET (K)
O/B/T
Bias (K)
O/B/T
Polarisation Footprint Size at 3dB (km)
MWS-23 229 0.55/0.70/1.0 0.2/0.5/1.0 V 15
MWS-24 118.7503 5.000 0.20/0.25/0.75 0.2/0.5/1.0 V or H 15
MWS-25 118.7503 3.000 0.30/0.35/0.75 0.2/0.5/1.0 V or H 15
MWS-26 118.7503 2.100 0.30/0.40/0.8 0.2/0.5/1.0 V or H 15
MWS-27 118.7503 1.500 0.45/0.55/1.0 0.2/0.5/1.0 V or H 15
MWS-28 118.7503 1.100 0.45/0.55/1.0 0.2/0.5/1.0 V or H 15
MWS-29 118.7503 0.700 0.45/0.55/1.0 0.2/0.5/1.0 V or H 15
MWS-30 118.7503 0.400 0.65/0.75/1.3 0.2/0.5/1.0 V or H 15
MWS-31 118.7503 0.200 0.90/1.10/2.0 0.2/0.5/1.0 V or H 15
MWS-32 118.7503 0.080 2.20/2.45/3.0 0.2/0.5/1.0 V or H 15
EUM/PEPS/VWG/09/0012Issue 1, 26/01/2009
VII
VIS/IR Imaging
EUM/PEPS/VWG/09/001226/01/2009 Slide: 34
VII: heritage and priorities
• Heritage instruments– Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR)– Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS)– Visible Infrared Imager Radiometer Suite (VIIRS)
• Priority– Very high
• Baseline expected performance– 16 spectral channels between 0.443 and 13.335 µm– 500 m horizontal sampling (nadir)
• Priority of requirements (descending order)– Spatial resolution– Radiometric noise– Implementation of priority 2 channels
EUM/PEPS/VWG/09/001226/01/2009 Slide: 35
VII: channel definitions (1/4)
Channel number CentralWavelength
(µm)
FWHM(µm)
Primary Use Priority
VII-1 0.33 0.01 Aerosol, with inference of height 3
VII-2 0.37 0.01 3
VII-3 0.405 0.025 3
VII-40.43 0.03
Aerosol, ‘true colour imagery’ (blue channel), vegetation
1
VII-50.47 0.02
Aerosol, surface albedo, cloud reflectance, cloud optical depth, vegetation
2
VII-6 0.49 0.01 Aerosol, surface albedo, cloud reflectance, cloud optical depth
3
VII-7 0.531 0.01 4
VII-80.555 0.02
Clouds, vegetation, ‘true colour imagery’ (green channel)
1
VII-9 0.565 0.01 Cloud characterisation 4
VII-10 0.64 0.015 Aerosol, surface albedo, cloud reflectance,sea and land surface features (snow, ice), vegetation
3
VII-11 0.659 0.05 4
VII-120.67 0.02
Clouds, vegetation, ‘true colour imagery’ (red channel)
1
EUM/PEPS/VWG/09/001226/01/2009 Slide: 36
VII: channel definitions (2/4)
Channel number CentralWavelength
(µm)
FWHM(µm)
Primary Use Priority
VII-13 0.681 0.01 Atmospheric corrections (aerosol)vegetation
4
VII-14 0.708 0.02 2
VII-15 0.763 0.01 Atmospheric corrections (aerosol), optical cloud top height assignment, vegetation
2
VII-16 0.763 0.04 2
VII-17 0.865 0.02 Vegetation, aerosol, clouds, surface features 1
VII-18 0.915 0.04 Water vapour imageryWater vapour total column
3
VII-19 0.936 0.01 4
VII-20 0.94 0.025 1
VII-21 1.02 0.02 Aerosol correction, water vapour, snow grain size 3
VII-22 1.24 0.02 Vegetation, aerosol 2
VII-231.365 0.04
High level aerosol, cirrus clouds, water vapour imagery
1
VII-24 1.63 0.015 Cloud phase, snow, vegetation, aerosol, fire 1
VII-252.25 0.05
Cloud microphysics at cloud top, vegetation, aerosol over land, fire (effects)
1
EUM/PEPS/VWG/09/001226/01/2009 Slide: 37
VII: channel definitions (3/4)
Channel number CentralWavelength
(µm)
FWHM(µm)
Primary Use Priority
VII-26 3.74 0.18 Cloud parameters, cloud microphysics at cloud top, absorbing aerosol, SST, LST,fire, sea and land ice
1
VII-27 3.795 0.5 4
VII-28 3.959 0.04 SST, LST, fire 2
VII-293.959 0.06
Fire temperature and radiative power (high dynamic range channel)
4
VII-30 4.04 0.06 SST, LST fire 2
VII-31 4.465 0.04 Temperature profile (coarse vertical resolution) 3
VII-32 4.515 0.06 3
VII-33 6.725 0.37 Water vapour imagery (including wind in polar regions), water vapour profile (coarse vertical resolution)
1
VII-347.325 0.29
1
VII-35 8.54 0.29 Cirrus clouds, cloud emissivity 1
VII-36 9.73 0.3 Total ozone 1
EUM/PEPS/VWG/09/001226/01/2009 Slide: 38
VII: channel definitions (4/4)
Channel number CentralWavelength
(µm)
FWHM(µm)
Primary Use Priority
VII-37 10.79 0.5 Cloud parameters including cirrus detection, surface temperatures and other radiative
parameters, surface imagery (snow, ice etc)
1
VII-38 11.03 0.3 4
VII-39 12.02 0.5 1
VII-40 13.345 0.31 CO2slicing for accurate cloud top height.
Temperature profile (coarse vertical resolution)
1
VII-41 13.64 0.29 3
VII-42 13.945 0.29 3
VII-43 14.25 0.29 3
VII-44 18.3 2.1 Thin cirrus cloud detection over ocean and land 4
VII-45 24.6 2.1 4
VII-46 0.7 0.33 Day/Night Band 4
EUM/PEPS/VWG/09/001226/01/2009 Slide: 39
VII: radiometric requirements
• Radiometric requirements currently specified for priority 1 channels, being refined– Signal to noise ratios, NET– Dynamic ranges
• Bias– Shortwave channels (< 3 µm): <5%, 4%, 3% (T/B/O)– Longwave channels (> 3µm): < 0.5 K @ 280 K
• Orbit and lifetime stability– Shortwave channels (< 3µm): < 1%– Longwave channels (> 3µm): < 0.15 K @280 K
• Radiometric homogeneity (inter-channel and inter-pixel)– Shortwave channels (< 3µm): < 1%– Longwave channels (> 3µm): < 0.1 K
EUM/PEPS/VWG/09/001226/01/2009 Slide: 40
VII: geometric requirements
• Polarisation
– Channels < 3 µm shall be insensitive to polarisation: < 5%, 2% (T/O)
• MTF
– Isotropic within 10%
– > 0.3 below Nyquist frequency
– < 0.3 above Nyquist frequency
• Geometric requirements
– Optimisation for Sun-synchronous orbits
– Maximisation of useful viewing angle
– Spatial sampling: < 0.5 Km for baseline channels, < 0.25 km for VII-12 (0.670 µm) and VII-17 (0.865 µm)
– Temporal co-registration of different channels: < 3 s / < 2 s / < 1 s (T/B/O)
EUM/PEPS/VWG/09/0012Issue 1, 26/01/2009
SCA
Scatterometry
EUM/PEPS/VWG/09/001226/01/2009 Slide: 42
SCA: heritage and priorities
• Heritage instruments– Advanced Scatterometer (ASCAT)– Quick Scatterometer (QuikSCAT)
• Priority– Very High
• Baseline expected performance– That of the ASCAT mission
• Priority of requirements (descending order)– Swath width shall have priority over horizontal resolution as long as the latter is
< 50 / 25 km (T/B)
EUM/PEPS/VWG/09/001226/01/2009 Slide: 43
SCA: requirements (1/2)
• Operating frequency– C-band
• Geometric requirements– Incidence angle > 20°– Horizontal resolution 25 km– Horizontal sampling 12.5 km– Geolocation accuracy 2/1 km (T/O)– Maximisation of useful viewing angle, 90% coverage within 45 h
• Radiometric requirements– Dynamic range to cover wind speeds within 0 – 25/40 km (T/O)– Radiometric accuracy 0.35 dB peak to peak per beam– Radiometric resolution 10% / 3% / 1% (T/B/O) at 4 m/s– Radiometric resolution 4% / 3% / 2% (T/B/O) at 25 m/s– Stability 0.1 dB over an orbit and over mission lifetime
EUM/PEPS/VWG/09/001226/01/2009 Slide: 44
SCA: requirements (2/2)
• Polarisation requirements– VV polarisation only (threshold)– VV and HH polarisation (objective)
EUM/PEPS/VWG/09/0012Issue 1, 26/01/2009
RO
Radio Occultation Sounding
EUM/PEPS/VWG/09/001226/01/2009 Slide: 46
RO: heritage and priorities
• Heritage instruments– GNSS Receiver for Atmospheric Sounding (GRAS)– Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere, and Climate
(COSMIC)
• Priority– Medium
EUM/PEPS/VWG/09/001226/01/2009 Slide: 47
RO: requirements
• GNSS systems to be used – GPS– Galileo– GLONASS
• Number of frequencies to be operated– At least two– Third frequency would be desirable for better ionospheric correction
• Coverage– Maximise the tracked occultation events: > 1000/d, 4000/d, 8000/d (T/B/O)– Uniformity of sampling in space and time is sought
EUM/PEPS/VWG/09/001226/01/2009 Slide: 48
RO: channel definitions
Mission Frequencies Sub-Band Frequency (MHz)
System Priority
RO-1 L1 1575.42 GPS 1
RO-2 L2 1227.60 GPS 1
RO-3 L5 1176.45 GPS 3
RO-4 E5a (GPS L5) 1176.45 Galileo 1
RO-5 E5b 1207.14 Galileo 3
RO-6 E6 1278.75 Galileo 3
RO-7 L1 1575.42 Galileo 1
RO-8L1 (*) F0 = 1602.0
Df = 562.5 kHz
GLONASS 2
RO-9L2 (*) F0 = 1246.0
Df = 437.5 kHz
GLONASS 2
RO-10 L3 (L5) TBC 1164-1215 (TBD) GLONASS-K 3
EUM/PEPS/VWG/09/001226/01/2009 Slide: 49
RO: sampling requirements
Height Range (km) Atmospheric Regions Sampling rates (Hz)
0-30 troposphere, lower stratosphere10, 50, 100,
200
30-150stratosphere, mesosphere,
Ionosphere E region10-50
150-to satellite orbit Ionosphere 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 5.0, 10
EUM/PEPS/VWG/09/0012Issue 1, 26/01/2009
MWI
Microwave Imaging
EUM/PEPS/VWG/09/001226/01/2009 Slide: 51
MWI: heritage and priorities
• Heritage instruments– Special Sensor Microwave Imager (SSM/I)– Special Sensor Microwave Imager Sounder (SSMIS)– Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer – EOS (AMSR-E)
• Priority– MWI-Cloud: Medium– MWI-Precipitation: Low– MWI-Ocean: Low
• Baseline expected performance– 12 channels, of which SSM/I-channels constitute priority 1
• Priority of requirements (descending order)– NET– Bandwidth– Integration time (horizontal sampling)
EUM/PEPS/VWG/09/001226/01/2009 Slide: 52
MWI: baseline channel definitions (1/2)
ChannelFrequency
(GHz)Bandwidth
(MHz)
Stability(MHz)
All TBC
Primary Utilisation (secondary utilisation in brackets)
Priority
MWI-3 6.9 350 50 SST, (LST, soil moisture) 2
MWI-4 10.65 100 50Sea surface wind, SST, (surface roughness
correction for SST)2
MWI-5 18.7 200 50Sea-surface wind, sea-ice, precipitation,
surface correction for water vapour1
MWI-6 23.8 400 50Total column water vapour over sea,
precipitation1
MWI-7 31.4 or 36.5 1000 50Sea-surface wind, sea-ice & snow, cloud liquid
water, precipitation1
MWI-8 50.3 200 10 Precipitation over sea and land, drizzle, snowfall, temperature in cloudy areas
2
MWI-9 52.61 or 52.80 400 10 2
MWI-12 89.0 4000 100Sea-ice & snow imagery, cloud liquid water,
precipitation1
MWI-13 100.49 TBC TBC Clouds and precipitation over sea and land 2
MWI-19 183.318.4 2x3000 100Water vapour profile
and snowfall
2
MWI-20 183.316.1 2x1500 100 2
MWI-22 183.313.4 2x1500 100 2
EUM/PEPS/VWG/09/001226/01/2009 Slide: 53
MWI: baseline channel definitions (1/2)
ChannelFrequency
(GHz)
NET (K)
(T/B/O)Bias (K) Polarisation (*)
Footprint Size at 3dB
(km) (T/B/O)
MWI-3 6.9 0.35/0.3/0.25 0.25 V, H 50/40/30
MWI-4 10.65 0.5/0.44/0.4 0.5 V, H 30/20/15
MWI-5 18.7 0.6/0.5/0.44 0.5 V, H 20/15/10
MWI-6 23.8 0.6/0.45/0.3 0.5 V, H 20/15/10
MWI-7 36.5 or 31.4 0.6/0.5/0.42 0.5 V, H 20/15/10
MWI-8 50.3 0.3/0.2/0.1 0.5 V, H 15/10/8
MWI-9 52.61 or 52.80 0.3/0.2/0.1 0.5 V, H 15/10/8
MWI-12 89.0 1.0/0.8/0.5 1.0 V, H 15/10/8
MWI-13 100.49 TBC TBC V, H 15/10/8
MWI-19 183.318.4 0.8/0.6/0.5 1.0 V, H 15/10/8
MWI-20 183.316.1 1.0/0.75/0.5 1.0 V, H 15/10/8
MWI-22 183.313.4 1.0/0.75/0.5 1.0 V, H 15/10/8
EUM/PEPS/VWG/09/001226/01/2009 Slide: 54
MWI: ocean and land (1/2)
ChannelFrequency
(GHz)Bandwidth
(MHz)
Stability(MHz)
All TBC
Primary Utilisation (secondary utilisation in brackets)
Priority
MWI-1 1.4 27 1 Ocean salinity, soil moisture 1
MWI-2 2.7 10 1 Soil moisture 3
MWI-3 6.9 350 50 SST, (LST, soil moisture) 1
MWI-4 10.65 100 50Sea surface wind, (surface roughness correction for
SST)2
MWI-5 18.7 200 50Sea-surface wind, (surface roughness correction for
SST), sea-ice2
MWI-6 23.8 400 50 Total column water vapour over sea 3
MWI-7 36.5 1000 50 Sea-surface wind, sea-ice & snow 2
MWI-12 89.0 4000 100 Sea ice & snow imagery 1
EUM/PEPS/VWG/09/001226/01/2009 Slide: 55
MWI: ocean and land (2/2)
Channel Frequency(GHz)
NET (K)
(T/B/O)
Bias (K) Polarisation (*) Footprint Size at 3dB
(km) (T/B/O)
MWI-1 1.4 0.15/0.1/0.08 0.5 V, H 100/50/20
MWI-2 2.7 0.15/0.1/0.08 0.5 V, H 50/20/10
MWI-3 6.9 0.35/0.3/0.25 0.25 V, H 50/40/30
MWI-4 10.65 0.5/0.44/0.4 0.35 V, H 30/20/15
0.25/0.22/0.2 0.25 (S3, S4)
MWI-5 18.7 0.6/0.5/0.44 0.5 V, H 20/15/10
0.3/0.25/0.22 0.25 (S3, S4)
MWI-6 23.8 0.6/0.45/0.3 0.5 V, H 20/15/10
MWI-7 36.5 0.6/0.5/0.42 0.5 V, H 20/15/10
0.3/0.25/0.21 0.25 (S3, S4)
MWI-12 89.0 1.0/0.8/0.5 1.0 V, H 25/10/5
EUM/PEPS/VWG/09/001226/01/2009 Slide: 56
MWI: precipitation (1/4)
ChannelFrequency
(GHz)Bandwidth
(MHz)
Stability(MHz)
All TBCUtilisation Priority
MWI-4 10.65 100 50 Heavy precipitation over sea 2
MWI-5 18.7 200 50 Precipitation over sea 1
MWI-6 23.8 400 50 Total column water vapour over sea 2
MWI-7 36.5 1000 50 Precipitation over sea and (marginally) land 1
MWI-8 50.3 200 10
Precipitation over sea and land including drizzle, snowfall,
height and depth of the melting layer
1
MWI-9 52.610 400 10 1
MWI-10 53.24 300 10 1
MWI-11 53.750 300 10 1
MWI-12 89.0 4000 100 Precipitation (sea & land) & snowfall 1
EUM/PEPS/VWG/09/001226/01/2009 Slide: 57
MWI: precipitation (2/4)
ChannelFrequency
(GHz)Bandwidth
(MHz)
Stability(MHz)
All TBCUtilisation Priority
MWI-13 100.49 4000 (TBC) 100 (TBC) Precipitation over sea and land 1
MWI-14 118.75032.00 2x1000 10
Precipitation over sea and land including light precipitation and snowfall,
height and depth of the melting layer
1
MWI-15 118.75031.6 2x400 10 1
MWI-16 118.75031.4 2x400 10 1
MWI-17 118.75031.200 2x400 10 1
MWI-18 166.9 1425 100Quasi-window, water-vapour profile, precipitation
over land, snowfall2
MWI-19 183.318.4 2x3000 100
Water vapour profile and snowfall
1
MWI-20 183.316.1 2x1500 100 1
MWI-21 183.314.9 2x1500 100 2
MWI-22 183.313.4 2x1500 100 1
MWI-23 183.312.0 2x1500 100 3
EUM/PEPS/VWG/09/001226/01/2009 Slide: 58
MWI: precipitation (3/4)
Channel Frequency(GHz)
NET (K)
(T/B/O)
Bias (K) Polarisation (*) Footprint Size at 3dB
(km) (T/B/O)
MWI-4 10.65 0.5/0.44/0.4 0.5 V, H 30/20/15
MWI-5 18.7 0.6/0.5/0.44 0.5 V, H 20/15/10
MWI-6 23.8 0.6/0.45/0.3 0.5 V, H 20/15/10
MWI-7 36.5 0.6/0.5/0.42 0.5 V, H 20/15/10
MWI-8 50.3 0.3/0.2/0.1 0.5 V, H 15/10/8
MWI-9 52.61 0.3/0.2/0.1 0.5 V, (H) 15/10/8
MWI-10 53.24 0.3/0.2/0.1 0.5 V, H 15/10/8
MWI-11 53.75 0.3/0.2/0.15 0.5 V, (H) 15/10/8
MWI-12 89.0 1.0/0.8/0.5 1.0 V, H 15/10/8
EUM/PEPS/VWG/09/001226/01/2009 Slide: 59
MWI: precipitation (4/4)
Channel Frequency(GHz)
NET (K)
(T/B/O)
Bias (K) Polarisation (*) Footprint Size at 3dB
(km) (T/B/O)
MWI-13 100.49 TBD TBD V, H 15/10/8
MWI-14 118.75032.0 0.5/0.4/0.3 1.0 V, (H) 15/10/8
MWI-15 118.75031.6 0.5/0.4/0.3 1.0 V, (H) 15/10/8
MWI-16 118.75031.4 0.5/0.4/0.3 1.0 V, (H) 15/10/8
MWI-17 118.75031.2 0.5/0.4/0.3 1.0 V, (H) 15/10/8
MWI-18 166.9 0.8 1.0 V 15/10/8
MWI-19 183.318.4 0.8/0.6/0.5 1.0 V 15/10/8
MWI-20 183.316.1 1.0/0.75/0.5 1.0 V 15/10/8
MWI-21 183.314.9 1.0/0.75/0.5 1.0 V 15/10/8
MWI-22 183.313.4 1.0/0.75/0.5 1.0 V 15/10/8
MWI-23 183.312.0 1.2/1.0/0.75 1.0 V 15/10/8
EUM/PEPS/VWG/09/001226/01/2009 Slide: 60
MWI: clouds (1/4)
ChannelFrequency
(GHz)Bandwidth
(MHz)
Stability(MHz)
All TBCUtilisation Priority
MWI-7 36.5 1000 50 Cloud liquid water 1
MWI-8 50.3 200 10Cloud liquid water
1
MWI-11 53.750 300 10 1
MWI-12 89.0 4000 100 Cloud liquid water 1
MWI-13 100.49 TBC TBC Cloud liquid water 1
MWI-15 118.75031.6 2x400 10
Cloud liquid water
2
MWI-16 118.75031.4 2x400 10 1
MWI-17 118.75031.2 2x400 10 2
MWI-19 183.318.4 2x3000 100Water vapour profile,
cloud ice water path retrieval
1
MWI-22 183.313.4 2x1500 100 2
MWI-23 183.312.0 2x1500 100 2
EUM/PEPS/VWG/09/001226/01/2009 Slide: 61
MWI: clouds (2/4)
ChannelFrequency
(GHz)Bandwidth
(MHz)
Stability(MHz)
All TBCUtilisation Priority
MWI-24 243.2±2.5 2x3000 100 Quasi-window, cloud ice retrieval, cirrus clouds 3
MWI-25 325.15±9.5 2x3000 200
Cloud ice effective radius
2
MWI-26 325.15±3.5 2x2400 200 2
MWI-27 325.15±1.5 2x1600 200 1
MWI-28 340 8000 400 Quasi-window, cloud ice and cirrus 1
MWI-29 448±7.2 2x3000 200
Cloud ice water path and cirrus
1
MWI-30 448±3.0 2x2000 200 2
MWI-31 448±1.4 2x1200 200 2
MWI-32 664±4.2 2x3000 400Cirrus clouds,
cloud ice water path2
EUM/PEPS/VWG/09/001226/01/2009 Slide: 62
MWI: clouds (3/4)
Channel Frequency(GHz)
NET (K)
(T/B/O)
Bias (K) Polarisation (*) Footprint Size at 3dB (km) (T/B/O)
MWI-7 36.5 0.6/0.5/0.42 0.5 V, H 20/15/10
MWI-8 50.3 0.3/0.2/0.1 0.5 V, H 15/10/8
MWI-11 53.75 0.3/0.2/0.15 0.5 V, (H) 15/10/8
MWI-12 89.0 1.0/0.8/0.5 1.0 V, H 15/10/8
MWI-13 100.49 TBC TBC V, H 15/10/8
MWI-15 118.75031.6 0.5/0.4/0.3 1.0 V, (H) 15/10/8
MWI-16 118.75031.4 0.5/0.4/0.3 1.0 V, (H) 15/10/8
MWI-17 118.75031.2 0.5/0.4/0.3 1.0 V, (H) 15/10/8
MWI-18 166.9 0.8 1.0 V 15/10/8
MWI-19 183.318.4 0.8/0.6/0.5 1.0 V, H 15/10/8
MWI-22 183.313.4 1.0/0.75/0.5 1.0 V, H 15/10/8
MWI-23 183.312.0 1.2/1.0/0.75 1.0 V, H 15/10/8
EUM/PEPS/VWG/09/001226/01/2009 Slide: 63
MWI: clouds (4/4)
Channel Frequency(GHz)
NET (K)
(T/B/O)
Bias (K) Polarisation (*) Footprint Size at 3dB (km) (T/B/O)
MWI-24 243.2±2.5 1.1/0.6/0.5 1.5 V, H 15/10/8
MWI-25 325.15±9.5 1.2/1.0/0.8 1.5 V, H 15/10/8
MWI-26 325.15±3.5 1.4/1.0/0.8 1.5 V, H 15/10/8
MWI-27 325.15±1.5 1.1/1.0/0.8 1.5 V, H 15/10/8
MWI-28 340 1.2/1.0/0.8 1.5 V 15/10/8
MWI-29 448±7.2 1.2/1.0/0.8 1.5 V 15/10/8
MWI-30 448±3.0 1.4/1.0/0.8 1.5 V 15/10/8
MWI-31 448±1.4 1.7/1.0/0.8 1.5 V 15/10/8
MWI-32 664±4.2 1.3/1.0/0.6 1.5 V, H 15/10/8
EUM/PEPS/VWG/09/0012Issue 1, 26/01/2009
UVNS
Nadir Viewing UV/VIS/NIR/SWIR Sounding
EUM/PEPS/VWG/09/001226/01/2009 Slide: 65
UVNS: heritage and priorities
• Heritage instruments– Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment 2 (GOME-2)– Scanning Imaging Absorption Spectrometer for Atmospheric Chartography
(SCIAMACHY)– Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI)– Optical Spectrograph and Infrared Imager System (OSIRIS)
• Priority– Medium
• Baseline expected performance– Not identified so far
• Priority of requirements (descending order)– Spatial resolution has highest priority
EUM/PEPS/VWG/09/001226/01/2009 Slide: 66
UVNS: channel definitions (1/3)
ChannelWavelength range
[nm]Spectral resolution
[nm]
Spectral oversampling
Target species
UVNS-1 270 – 330 0.5 – 1.0 3 – 6
O3 profile
(Stratosphere), UV-B
Tropospheric O3
UVNS-2 308 – 325 0.2 – 0.5 3 – 6SO2 and Tropospheric
O3,
UVNS-3 325 – 337 0.2 – 0.5 3 – 6 O3 total column
UVNS-4 337 – 356 0.2 – 0.5 3 – 6 HCHO
UVNS-5 345 – 360 0.2 – 0.5 3 – 6 BrO
UVNS-6 356 – 400 0.2 – 0.5 3 – 6
O4 & rotational Raman
scattering (Cloud Top Height in UV), OClO, UV-A
NO2 in UV window and
NO2 as function of
altitude.
EUM/PEPS/VWG/09/001226/01/2009 Slide: 67
UVNS: channel definitions (2/3)
ChannelWavelength range
[nm]Spectral resolution
[nm]
Spectral oversampling
Target species
UVNS-7 405 – 500 0.2 – 0.5 3 - 6
NO2 and NO2 as
function of T i.e. altitude
UVNS-8 430 – 460 0.2 – 0.5 3 - 6 Glyoxal (CHO.CHO)
UVNS-9 460 – 490 0.2 – 0.5 3 - 6O4 (cloud top height
visible, cloud fraction visible)
UVNS-10 330 - 640 0.2 – 0.8 3 - 6O3 troposphere-B
Aerosol-AOT-(1)
UVNS-11 640 - 730 0.2 – 0.5 3 - 6 H2O (O2) total column
UVNS-12 755 - 775 0.05 – 0.2 3 - 6O2, Aerosol height and
Aerosol- AOT-(2)
EUM/PEPS/VWG/09/001226/01/2009 Slide: 68
UVNS: channel definitions (3/3)
ChannelWavelength range
[nm]Spectral resolution
[nm]
Spectral oversampling
Target species
UVNS-13(priority 1)
1400 – 1750 0.05 – 0.3 2 - 6
CO2 (Total Dry Column
- need O2 UVNS-12),
CH4 (Total Dry Column)
Cloud Phase Index and
Aerosol (AOT-3)
UVNS-14(priority 2)
1940 – 2040 0.05 – 0.3 2 - 6
CO2 Profile info to be
coupled with 1.6 micron band,
Aerosol
UVS-15(priority 1)
2295 - 2400 0.05 – 0.3 2 - 6CO, CH4, N2O
EUM/PEPS/VWG/09/001226/01/2009 Slide: 69
UVNS: spectral and radiometric requirements
• Spectral requirements– Spectral co-registration < 0.01/0.005 (T/O) of a spectral pixel– Stability of spectral co-registration < 0.05/0.02 (T/O) of a spectral pixel
• Extraterrestrial solar spectral irradiance– To be measured in all bands once per day for two minutes
• Radiometric accuracy– Absolute accuracy < 2% / 1% (T/O)– Inter-channel relative radiometric accuracy < 0.05/0.02 (T/O)
• Polarisation sensitivity– < 1.0% / 0.5%
EUM/PEPS/VWG/09/001226/01/2009 Slide: 70
UVNS: SNR (1/2)
Wavelength range [nm]
Tropical Dark Case
High-Latitude Dark Case
Solar Spectral Irradiance
UVNS-1 270 – 330100 @ 270 nm
1000 @ 310 nm1000 @ 330 nm
50 @ 270 nm (TBD)1000 @ 310 nm1000 @ 330 nm
1000 @ 270 nm3000 @ 310 nm3000 @ 310 nm
UVNS-2 308 – 325 1000 400 3000
UVNS-3 325 – 337 800 400 3000
UVNS-4 337 – 356 1000 400 3000
UVNS-5 345 – 360 1000 400 3000
UVNS-6 356 – 400 1000 400 3000
UVNS-7 405 – 500 1050 450 4500
UVNS-8 430 – 460 1050 450 4500
EUM/PEPS/VWG/09/001226/01/2009 Slide: 71
UVNS: SNR (2/2)
Wavelength range [nm]
Tropical Dark Case
High-Latitude Dark Case
Solar Spectral Irradiance
UVNS-9 460 – 490 1500 650 4500
UVNS-10 330 - 64090 @ 650nm
540 @ 330nm90 @ 650nm
540 @ 330nm3000 (TBD)
UVNS-11 640 - 730 700 700 4000
UVNS-12 755 - 775
200 (for lowest radiance level in absorption band)
500 (in continuum)
200 (for lowest radiance level in absorption band)
500 (in continuum)
1500
UVNS-13 (TBC) 1400 – 1750 1000 100 1500
UVNS-14 (TBC) 1940 – 2040 1000 100 1500
UVNS-15 2295 - 2400 1000 100 1500
EUM/PEPS/VWG/09/001226/01/2009 Slide: 72
UVNS: geometric requirements
• Scan pattern– Ground pixel size < 20 / 10 / 5 km (T/B/O)– Maximisation of useful viewing angle: 99% coverage within 24 h– Provision of near-contiguous coverage
• Spatial co-registration– All bands co-registered within 5% / 1% (T/O) of the field of view
• Synchronisation with optical imager– Synchronisation with imager (~1 km resolution) required for aiding cloud and
aerosol detection
EUM/PEPS/VWG/09/0012Issue 1, 26/01/2009
3MI
Multi-Viewing Multi-Channel Multi-Polarisation Imaging
EUM/PEPS/VWG/09/001226/01/2009 Slide: 74
3MI: heritage, priorities
• Heritage instruments– Polarisation and Directionality of Earth’s Radiation (POLDER)– Multi-angle Imaging Spectro-Radiometer (MISR)
• Priority– Medium
• Baseline expected performance– That of POLDER
• Priority of requirements (descending order)– Multi-viewing capability– Multi-polarisation capability– Extension of spectral range– Radiometric accuracy– Relatively narrow spectral bands– Geometric resolution
EUM/PEPS/VWG/09/001226/01/2009 Slide: 75
3MI: channel definitions
MissionBAND
CentralWavelength
(µm)
FWHM(µm)
Polarization Primary Use Priority
3MI-1 0.342 0.06 (TBC) Y Absorbing aerosol 2
3MI-2 0.388 0.06 (TBC) Y 2
3MI-3 0.443 0.02 Aerosol absorption and height indicators 1
3MI-40.490 0.02
Y Aerosol, surface albedo, cloud reflectance, cloud optical depth
1
3MI-5 0.555 0.02 Y Surface albedo 3
3MI-6 0.670 0.02 Y Aerosol properties 1
3MI -7 0.763 0.01 Cloud height 2
3MI -8 0.765 0.04 Cloud height 2
3MI -9 0.865 0.04 Y Vegetation, aerosol, clouds, surface features 1
3MI -10 1.370 0.04 Cirrus clouds, water vapour imagery, 1
3MI -11 1.650 0.04 Y Ground characterization for aerosol inversion 1
3MI -12
2.130 0.04
Y Cloud microphysics at cloud top, Vegetation, fire (effects)
Ground characterization for aerosol inversion
1
EUM/PEPS/VWG/09/001226/01/2009 Slide: 76
3MI: spectral and polarisation requirements
• Spectral response– To be known within 1%
• Spectral stability– < 0.1 nm over mission lifetime
• Polarisation– Three polarisers at 0°, 60°, -60°– Accuracy of orientation < 1°– Polarisation sensitivity > 96% for polarised channels, < 5% for non-polarised
channels, knowledge within 0.001
• Transmittance of polarisation components– Relative transmittance among polarisation channels must not differ by more
than 1%
EUM/PEPS/VWG/09/001226/01/2009 Slide: 77
3MI: radiometric requirements
• Radiometric noise– NER = sup [5·10-4, 5·10-3 R] for all channels– NERp = sup [10-3, 10-2 Rp] for all polarised channels
• Bias error– < 2% for all channels
• Inter-calibration bias between different viewing angles– < 2%
• Spectral homogeneity– < 1% in TOA radiance for uniform scene
• Spatial homogeneity– < 0.1% within 10 x 10 pixels
• Co-registration and inter-calibration of 3MI and VII for similar bands
• RMS stability < 1% over one year
EUM/PEPS/VWG/09/001226/01/2009 Slide: 78
3MI: geometric requirements
• Maximisation of useful viewing angle– 99% global coverage within 24 / 12 h (T/O)
• Maximisation of measurements in principal plane– 10 / 14 (T/O) directional measurements
• On-ground spatial sampling– < 2 / 1 km (T/O)
• MTF– > 0.2 below Nyquist frequency– < 0.2 above Nyquist frequency
• Spatial co-registration– < 0.1 SSD for polarisation components– < 0.2 SSD for multi-spectral components– < 0.1 SSD for multi-directional components
• Absolute geolocation– < 2 / 1 km (T/O) at nadir
EUM/PEPS/VWG/09/0012Issue 1, 26/01/2009
RER
Radiant Energy Radiometry
• Invite NOAA to provide payload
• CERES type instrument fulfils Post-EPS reqs.
EUM/PEPS/VWG/09/001226/01/2009 Slide: 80
RER: heritage and priorities
• Heritage instruments– Earth Radiation Budget Instrument (ERBE)– Clouds and the Earth’s radiant Energy System (CERES)
• Priority– Low
• Priority of requirements– Radiometric accuracy is most important
EUM/PEPS/VWG/09/001226/01/2009 Slide: 81
RER: channel definitions and requirements
Channel Dynamic Range Radiometric Noise BiasB/T
RER-1 0 - 350 W m-2 sr-1 0.3 W m-2sr-1 0.5/0.8 W m-2sr-1@R<100 W m-2sr-1, else 0.5%/1%
RER-2 0 - 500 W m-2 sr-1 0.3 W m-2sr-1 0.5/0.6 W m-2sr-1 @R<100 W m-2sr-1,else 0.3%/0.5%
RER-3 0 - 30 W m-2 sr-1 0.3 W m-2sr-1 0.3/0.5 W m-2sr-1
Channel Bandwidth Purpose
RER-1 0.2 – 4.0 µm Total solar radiation at TOA
RER-2 0.2 – 200 µm Total radiant energy at TOA
RER-3 8 – 12 µm Emitted radiant energy (TOA) in the main IR window region
EUM/PEPS/VWG/09/001226/01/2009 Slide: 82
RER: geometric requirements
• Angular sampling– Optimal angular sampling of the entire hemispheric radiative pattern– Baseline angular sampling: that of CERES
• Spatial sampling– < 20 km (threshold), < 10 km (breakthrough) @ nadir– MTF > 0.6 below Nyquist frequency, < 0.6 above Nyquist frequency
• Coverage– 99% global coverage within 48 / 24 h (T/O)
• Inter-channel co-registration– < 0.1 spatial sampling distance
EUM/PEPS/VWG/09/0012Issue 1, 26/01/2009
DWL
Doppler Wind Lidar
• Await demonstration of ADM-Aeolus• To be combined with Aerosol Profiling Lidar• Study improvement of laser lifetime (already started)• Refer to MRD for requirements
EUM/PEPS/VWG/09/0012Issue 1, 26/01/2009
APL
Aerosol Profiling Lidar
• To be combined with Doppler Wind Lidar• Await demonstration of ADM• Refer to MRD for requirements
EUM/PEPS/VWG/09/0012Issue 1, 26/01/2009
CPR
Cloud and Precipitation Profiling Radar
• Requires dedicated platform in low orbit
• Lacks maturity for operational mission (no European heritage)
• Refer to MRD for requirements
EUM/PEPS/VWG/09/0012Issue 1, 26/01/2009
ALT
Radar Altimetry
• Implementation by Sentinel-3 and Jason follow-on
• Fulfil Post-EPS requirements
• Refer to MRD for requirements
EUM/PEPS/VWG/09/0012Issue 1, 26/01/2009
DVR
Dual View Radiometry
• Implementation by Sentinel-3• Fulfils Post-EPS requirements• Refer to MRD for requirements
EUM/PEPS/VWG/09/0012Issue 1, 26/01/2009
OCI
Ocean Colour Imaging
• Implementation by Sentinel-3• Fulfils Post-EPS requirements• Refer to MRD for requirements
EUM/PEPS/VWG/09/0012Issue 1, 26/01/2009
TSIM
Total Solar Irradiance Monitoring
• Need for one instrument in space: NPOESS
• Refer to MRD for requirements
EUM/PEPS/VWG/09/001226/01/2009 Slide: 90
Consolidation of mission requirements
• Identify open issues in mission requirements and instigate corresponding scientific and technical studies
• Acquire feedback from 2nd Post-EPS User Consultation Workshop
• Ingest results from industrial Phase 0 studies on sensor and system architecture
• Acquire feedback from PMET on results from scientific and technical studies and ingest consolidated solutions into MRD
• Assess and ingest EPS commissioning results
• Mission Definition Review at end of Phase 0