By: Valentina Cardona Buitrago Molecular Biology

Teacher: Lina Martinez 2016

One of the ways that cells produce multiple protein isoforms from individual genes is a process called alternative splicing.

know the functions and interactions of the products of this process is very important for understanding the causes and possible solutions thus to illness.

One of the ways that cells produce multiple protein isoforms from

individual genes is a process called alternative splicing.

The number of different proteins in human cells exceeds the number of

genes.

Proteins have a unique function in the cell, or do their roles sometimes overlap?

Different protein isoforms encoded by the same gene

Have divergent functions in each one tissue.

Interacted whit different protein partners.

Student`s observation:

This news amplifies beliefs about the complexity of the organism, because although there is a sequence of

established human genome, each step by the central dogma have hundreds events that leading to a marked diversity in the functions and interactions of proteins.

In humans the differentiation of stem cells is vital.

Mutations in differentiation pathways of different cell types can be drivers of cancers.

Researchers found a new mechanism of differentiation in megakaryocytes, the blood cells

responsible for platelet production.

There are two key proteins in the pathway ,PRMT1 and RBM15 .They may also regulate differentiation many tissues.

• RBM15 RNA-binding protein binds to intron regions of the pre-messenger RNA for genes

of transcription factors such as RUNX1, GATA1 and TAL1 normal and abnormal

hematopoiesis. • RBM15 appears to recruit the splicing factor

SF3B1 to correctly splice the exons.

PMRT1 suppresses the activity of RBM15 for a process called ubiquination .

A mutant fusion of RBM15 and MKL1 proteins is associated with acute megakaryoblastic leukemia.

If RBM15 protein is low megakaryocytic progenitor cells cannot differentiate. If RBM15 is high the progenitor cells is differentiate into mature megakaryocytes.

Student`s observation: Understanding the mechanism of action of proteins

involves multiple areas such as roles, interactions with each other and the regulation of these are vital to finding the

causes of the disturbances and the formulation of possible solutions.

The fact that both news talk about alternative splicing, confirms the importance of this process in the

body, because here multiple mutations that are characteristic of

many diseases and their detection and treatment could mean big advances in

medicine .

Alternative RNA splicing is attracting attention in cancer

research.

The protein isoforms can contribute to evaluate disease

and prove to be valuable targets for drug therapy.

• MARTINEZ SÁNCHEZ, Lina María. Biología molecular. 2. ed. Medellín: UPB. Fac. de Medicina, 2006.

• University of Alabama at Birmingham. (2016, January 12). New pathway to differentiation found, shedding light on some cancers. ScienceDaily. Retrieved February 28, 2016 from www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2016/01/160112093533.htm

• Dana-Farber Cancer Institute. (2016, February 11). Alternative

proteins encoded by the same gene have widely divergent functions in cells.ScienceDaily. Retrieved February 28, 2016 from www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2016/02/160211141339.htm