Euclid Mission Overview - University of...

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ESA UNCLASSIFIED – For Official Use Euclid Mission Overview René Laureijs G. Racca, L. Stagnaro, J.C. Salvignol, J. Hoar (ESA) Y. Mellier and the EC Synergistic Science with Euclid and the SKA Oxford – 16 September

Transcript of Euclid Mission Overview - University of...

ESA UNCLASSIFIED – For Official Use

Euclid Mission Overview

René Laureijs G. Racca, L. Stagnaro, J.C. Salvignol, J. Hoar (ESA) Y. Mellier and the EC Synergistic Science with Euclid and the SKA Oxford – 16 September

Euclid | R. Laureijs, et al | SKA and Euclid| 2013-09-16 | Slide 2

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Euclid

Setting the scene Science Objectives and driving requirements Mission Implementation Organisation Project outlook and Conclusions

Outline

Euclid | R. Laureijs, et al | SKA and Euclid| 2013-09-16 | Slide 3

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Euclid

March 2007: Call for mission ideas by ESA March 2008: the Concept Advisory Team named Euclid for the

European dark energy mission. Oct. 2011: Euclid was selected by the Science Programme Committee

(SPC) of the member states of the European Space Agency to be the second Medium Class (M2) mission of the Cosmic Vision programme.

June 2012: the implementation of the mission was approved by the SPC.

Dec. 2012: ESA selected Astrium (Toulouse) as the lead contractor for the Payload Module (PLM)

July 2013: ESA selected Thales Alenia Space (Turin) as the prime contractor for the system and Service Module (SVM)

March 2020: Scheduled launch date Sep 2026: End of nominal mission

Where do we stand?

Euclid | R. Laureijs, et al | SKA and Euclid| 2013-09-16 | Slide 4

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Euclid

Science Programme of ESA – Cosmic Vision 2015-2025 Advisory Structure SPC ESA Science directorate

Euclid (Mission) Consortium - selected in 2011 EC Lead: Y. Mellier Provision of science requirements, instruments, science ground

segment Multi-Lateral Agreement between ESA and EC funding agencies

since 2012 ESA Project Team – formed in 2012

Project Manager: G.Racca Euclid Science Team – 12 representative scientists Industry – TAS (Turin) prime contractor since 2013 NASA – Memorandum of Understanding since 2013

Main Actors

Euclid | R. Laureijs, et al | SKA and Euclid| 2013-09-16 | Slide 5

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Euclid Euclid Scientific Objectives

Issue Euclid’s Targets What is Dark Energy: w

Measure the DE equation of state parameters wp and wa to a precision of 2% and 10%, respectively, using both expansion history and structure growth.

Beyond Einstein’s Gravity: γ

Distinguish General Relativity from modified-gravity theories, by measuring the growth rate exponent γ with a precision of 2%.

The nature of dark matter: mν

Test the Cold Dark Matter paradigm for structure formation, and measure the sum of the neutrino masses to a precision better than 0.04eV when combined with Planck.

The seeds of cosmic structure: fNL

Improve by a factor of 20 the determination of the initial condition parameters compared to Planck alone. n (spectral index), σ8 (power spectrum amplitude), fNL (non-gaussianity)

Euclid | R. Laureijs, et al | SKA and Euclid| 2013-09-16 | Slide 6

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Euclid

Optimize the mission for two complementary dark energy probes: galaxy clustering and weak lensing;

Wide survey: > 15,000 deg2 (36% of the total sky) Deep survey: > 40 deg2, 2 mag deeper than wide survey

Weak Lensing: Shapes and shear of galaxies with a density of >30 galaxies/arcmin2. Very high image quality, high stability (ellipticity, FWHM, R2) Minimise Systematics σsys < 10-7

Redshift range 0<z<~2, accuracy dz/z ~ 0.04

Galaxy clustering: Redshifts for >3500 galaxies/deg2 Redshift range 0.7 < z <2.05, accuracy dz/z < 0.001 ….Line Flux limit < 3 10-16 erg cm-2s-1 .

Euclid Scientific Requirements

Euclid | R. Laureijs, et al | SKA and Euclid| 2013-09-16 | Slide 7

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Euclid

Stable environment – diffraction limited PSF in the visual Low NIR background Stable and small PSF in the NIR Homogeneous dataset, able to minimize and control sources of

systematic error Ability to access a large survey area

Caveat: space weather But: don’t forget cosmics

Why space?

Euclid | R. Laureijs, et al | SKA and Euclid| 2013-09-16 | Slide 8

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Euclid

Before approval, all subsystems/components at technology readiness level TRL ≥ 5

Soyuz ST-2.1B Carrier Launch from Kourou satellite mass ≤ 2160 kg (for L2)

Duration: 6 years nominal science + 6 months commissioning and performance verification

Data rate < 850 Gbit/day K band downlink transmission for the science data X band for the housekeeping and spacecraft commanding

Spacecraft components build by European Industries

Mission Constraints – M mission

Euclid | R. Laureijs, et al | SKA and Euclid| 2013-09-16 | Slide 9

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Euclid

Euclid cannot meet the photo-z requirement dz/z ~ 0.04 without ground based data. The availability of ground based photometry data is essential for meeting the science objectives:

g,r,i,z imaging photometry down to ~24 mag Need same coverage as the Euclid survey (15,000 deg2)

Need 104-105 spectra down to AB=24 mag to calibrate the photo-z photometry.

The provision of these data is the responsibility of the EC, see presentation by Y. Mellier

Southern hemisphere: DES data Northern Hemisphere: negotiations in progress

Ground based data

Euclid | R. Laureijs, et al | SKA and Euclid| 2013-09-16 | Slide 10

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Euclid

A large effort is put in the flow of the top level science requirements down to the main sub-systems, with a traceable and justified budgeting

Top level science requirements (Level 2) have been flown down do:

Spacecraft requirements Payload/Instrument requirements Ground Data processing requirements Ground Segment requirements

The budgeting includes Operational constraints/requirements Calibration requirements

Requirements flow down

Top Level Requirements

Performance Budgeting Survey

Calibration

spacecraft

Telescope/ instruments

Data processing

Ground segment

Euclid | R. Laureijs, et al | SKA and Euclid| 2013-09-16 | Slide 11

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Euclid

Telescope: Korsch 3-mirror anastigmat (TMA), FoV > 0.54 deg2 Primary mirror: 1.2 m diameter All lightweight SiC telescope, isostatic design Focussing mechanism on the secondary mirror

SiC Optical bench and payload cavity are passively cooled down to 150 K thermal design

Dichroic for simultaneous visual and near-infrared measurements:

Reflection for the visual beam Transmission for the infrared beam

Accommodation for the VIS and NISP instruments

PLM industrial contractor: Astrium Toulouse

Euclid Payload Module

Euclid | R. Laureijs, et al | SKA and Euclid| 2013-09-16 | Slide 12

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Euclid PLM design

Euclid | R. Laureijs, et al | SKA and Euclid| 2013-09-16 | Slide 13

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Euclid

NISP: Slitless-Spectrometer/Photo-imager • 16 HgCdTe sensors (H2RG Teledyne) at 90-100 K, 0.92<λ<2.0

micron • Pixel: 0.3×0.3 arcsec • 4 Grisms (blue and red with two orientations each), λ/∆λ>250 • 3 filters: Y, J, H

VIS: Visual imager • 36 CCDs (CCD273 e2v), single filter 0.55 < λ < 0.9 micron • Pixel: 0.1×0.1 arcsec • Shutter • Calibration unit

VIS, NISP Common field of view ~0.54 deg2

Instruments are provided by the EC – see presentation by Y. Mellier Sensors are procured by ESA

Euclid Payload Module: Instruments

Euclid | R. Laureijs, et al | SKA and Euclid| 2013-09-16 | Slide 14

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Euclid

ESA has requested the preparation of on-ground PLM tests to verify the optical performance of the telescope with instruments (psf, straylight, etc)

TAS will provide a test chamber with collimator.

PLM Testing

Possible set-up

Euclid | R. Laureijs, et al | SKA and Euclid| 2013-09-16 | Slide 15

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Euclid

Mission • Soyouz-Fregat ST-2.1B carrier, ~2160 kg spacecraft mass

to L2, with line of sight nearly 90 degrees from Sun, to ensure thermal stability

• Mission is scoped to a nominal lifetime of 6 years + cruise + commissioning

Spacecraft • Attitude and Orbit Control System includes a Fine

Guidance Sensor near the (visual) instrument’s focal plane; pointing stability = 20 mas << size of smallest pixel of 0.1” during one exposure

• 4 hours daily communication window with K-band to receive 850 Gbit/day compressed science telemetry

Euclid Mission and Spacecraft

Euclid | R. Laureijs, et al | SKA and Euclid| 2013-09-16 | Slide 16

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Euclid Euclid Spacecraft

Reaction wheels operated in “Stop and Go” – unique! Cold gas for fine pointing actuation – Gaia heritage K-band transponder – a first for ESA

Euclid | R. Laureijs, et al | SKA and Euclid| 2013-09-16 | Slide 17

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Euclid

Direct transfer into L2 short cruise phase

Lissajous of +/- 33 degrees Two available ground stations

Cebreros (Spain) and Malargüe (Argentina)

Orbit and operation

Euclid | R. Laureijs, et al | SKA and Euclid| 2013-09-16 | Slide 18

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Euclid

Telemetry

Mission Data

Products Raw TM Level 1

SOC

MOC

Observation Planning

Instrument

Commanding Satellite Telemetry

Data Products General Community

Instrument Maintenance and (Calibration) Operations

Euclid Archive

Public Data

SGS

MOGS

Commanding

Ground Station

SDC Processing Group N

SDC Processing Group …

SDC Processing Group 4

SDC Processing Group 3

SDC Processing Group 2

IOT 2

SDC Processing Group 1

IOT 1

EMC

Ground Segment data flow

Euclid | R. Laureijs, et al | SKA and Euclid| 2013-09-16 | Slide 19

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Euclid Euclid Surveys

Wide Survey: Euclid’s primary wide survey aims at covering 15,000 deg2, i.e. the entire extragalactic sky. Δ(M1-M2) < 20 nm implies ΔSAA<5 degrees

Deep Survey: Euclid’s additional deep survey covers ~40 square degrees. This survey is 2 mag deeper than the wide survey.

Open Surveys The Euclid instrument and pointing capabilities offer the possibility to carry out additional surveys, during or after the nominal mission.

Euclid | R. Laureijs, et al | SKA and Euclid| 2013-09-16 | Slide 20

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Euclid Euclid reference survey

Ecliptic plane

• Avoided: Ecliptic plane (zodiacal light) and low (<30 deg) galactic latitudes

• Different colours indicate different survey years • Calibration fields along the galactic plane

Euclid | R. Laureijs, et al | SKA and Euclid| 2013-09-16 | Slide 21

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Euclid

Total time: ~10% of nominal mission

Calibration data can be used for science

Calibration observations

NISP-P Survey Self-Calibration

18%

NISP-P Absolute Standards

Observations 2%

Photo-z Training Sample 14%

NISP-S Absolute Standards

Observations 10%

NISP-S Planetary Nebula

Observations 1%

NISP-S Purity Sample 23%

VIS PSF Model 1 23%

Noise Bias Calibration

Sample 4%

VIS Color Gradient

Observations 4%

VIS Absolute Standards

Observations 1%

Courtesy: J. Amiaux, EC Survey WG & EC Calibration WG

Euclid | R. Laureijs, et al | SKA and Euclid| 2013-09-16 | Slide 22

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Euclid Overall Project Organisation

ESOC Darmstadt

ESAC Madrid

ESTEC Noordwijk

Euclid | R. Laureijs, et al | SKA and Euclid| 2013-09-16 | Slide 23

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Euclid Euclid Science Team

Also: A. Cimatti, E. Martin, J. Rhodes

Euclid | R. Laureijs, et al | SKA and Euclid| 2013-09-16 | Slide 24

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Euclid

System Engineering working group requirements flow down science performance

Survey working group Calibration Working group Ground segment Engineering working group Data management working group Detector working groups

NIR detectors CCDs

Archive Users group

Working Groups involving ESA, Consortium and other parties

Euclid | R. Laureijs, et al | SKA and Euclid| 2013-09-16 | Slide 25

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Euclid Science Ground Segment

Euclid | R. Laureijs, et al | SKA and Euclid| 2013-09-16 | Slide 26

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Euclid Euclid Data Flow

Euclid | R. Laureijs, et al | SKA and Euclid| 2013-09-16 | Slide 27

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Euclid Euclid Machinery

Cosmic Shear survey

Galaxy Redshift survey

Cosmological explorer of gravity and fundamental physics

Dark Matter and Galaxy Power Spectra with look back time

Other Euclid probes

Legacy Science

VIS Imaging NIR Photometry NIR Spectroscopy ExternalPhotometry

External Spectra

Cosmo. Simul. Planck

Euclid VIS and NIR observer of stars and galaxies

Courtesy: Y. Mellier

Euclid | R. Laureijs, et al | SKA and Euclid| 2013-09-16 | Slide 28

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Euclid Data release plan

Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Year 6

Q1 Q2 Q4 DR1 ~2,500

deg2

DR2 ~7,500

deg2

DR3 ~15,000

deg2

Q3

Year 7

Start of nominal mission

The survey will be released in three parts, each with a delay of 14 months from the end of the data taking:

• DR1 provides the first year’s survey data • DR2 provides the survey data from years 1-3 • DR3 provides the survey data from the entire mission

The four quick-releases (Level-Q, no core science) will be in years when there are no

survey data releases: • Q1 to Q4 after 2 months and 1, 3, 5, and 6 years. • The Level-Q release products will be processed with the best available calibration and

software at the time. • Level-Q contents to be proposed by the EST to the Advisory Structure

Euclid | R. Laureijs, et al | SKA and Euclid| 2013-09-16 | Slide 29

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Euclid

M-RR: Feb 2014 M-PDR: May 2015 M-CDR: May 2017 Instruments delivery: July 2017 System Validation Test 1: Nov 2018 M-FAR: August 2019 Launch: March 2020 M-CRR: July 2020 Data Release 3: Sep 2027

Project Schedule/Milestones

Euclid | R. Laureijs, et al | SKA and Euclid| 2013-09-16 | Slide 30

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Euclid

Euclid is an approved mission. The Euclid Survey has an immense scientific value:

Cosmology, Fundamental Physics, and Legacy for all Astronomy

Euclid is a feasible mission: no technical (high TRL) and programmatic show stoppers – however, there are still many challenges.

The Euclid Consortium consists of more than 100 institutes and is well organised. It is fully equipped to support the mission and its science return.

Funding is secured, project is on track!

Conclusions

Euclid | R. Laureijs, et al | SKA and Euclid| 2013-09-16 | Slide 31

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Euclid Thanks for your attention!