EubacteriaTaryne, Shelby, Rachel, and Alanna

Phylogenetic tree

Clostridium botulinum

CharacteristicsDepending on species - nutrition intake may

be by absorption, photosynthesis, or chemosynthesis.

Asexual reproductionShape:

Round or Spherical or Oval Shaped: Ex. Micrococcus, Streptococcus and Sarcina

Rod Shaped: Ex. Lactobacillus, Bacillus and Pseudomonas

Spiral or Comma Shaped: Ex. Vibrio, Camphilovextor and Triponema

Characteristics cont.General structure

Rigid cell wall to hold in organelles: made up of amino acids and a sugar chain

Some have a cell membrane outside cell wallNo nucleus

Cell walls contain peptidoglycan

PHYLAThe Eubacteria kingdom consists of the phyla

: • Cyanobacteria

• Spirochaete

• Proteobacteria

CyanobacteriaPhotosynthetic- contain chlorophyll pigmentFound in ocean and on landThick cell wall and no flagellaCommonly called blue-green algaeConsidered the ancestors of present day

chloroplastsGrow in coloniesCan manufacture their own food through

photosynthesis

Spirochaete• Helically coiled cells• Flagella allow movement in a twisting motion• Most are anaerobic• Some may cause dangerous diseases

ProteobacteriaMostly anaerobic organismsSome can photosynthesizeSome are nitrogen fixatingMost have flagella but those who don’t move

by glidingSome can be helpful while others cause

disease

E.Coli

SalmonellaKingdom: Eubacteria Phylum: Proteobacteria Class: Gammaproteobacteria Order: Enterobacteriales Family: Enterobacteriaceae

CylindrospermumKingdom: Bacteria Phylum: Cyanobacteria Order: Nostocales Family: Nostocaceae Genus: Cylindrospermum

Treponema pallidumDomain: Bacteria Phylum: Spirochaetes Order: Spirochaetales Family: Spirochaetaceae Genus: Treponema Species: T. pallidum

Clostridium perfringensKingdom: Bacteria Phylum: Firmicutes Class: Clostridia Order: Clostridiales Family: Clostridiaceae Genus: Clostridium Species: C. perfringens

Bacillus anthracisDomain: Bacteria Phylum: Firmicutes Class: Bacilli Order: Bacillales Family: Bacillaceae Genus: Bacillus Species: anthracis

ActinomycetalesKingdom: Bacteria Phylum: Actinobacteria Class: Actinobacteria Subclass: Actinobacteridae Order: ActinomycetalesActinomycetales

Eubacteria vs. ArchaebacteriaArchaebacteria:

“ancient bacteria”. Live in extreme environments (such as deep

sea volcanic vents) while eubacteria live in more common environments.

Archaebacteria cell walls also don’t contain peptidoglycan while those of eubacteria do.

Eubacteria vs. ProtistsProtists:

Eubacteria are Prokaryotes and have no nuclear membrane. Protists are Eukaryotes and have a nuclear membrane.

Protists need water while Eubacteria are able to survive almost anywhere

Eubacteria can only reproduce asexually while protists can reproduce either sexually or asexually.

Eubacteria vs. fungi and plantaeFungi:

Fungi are multicellular while eubacteria are unicellular

Fungi are eukaryotic and eubacteria are prokaryotic

Fungi reproduce by spores and eubacteria reproduce by binary fission

Plantae:Plants are eukaryotic, multicellular and have a

cell wall made of celluloseEubacteria are prokaryotic, unicellular and

have a cell wall containing peptidoglycan

Eubacteria vs. AnimaliaAnimalia:

Animals are multicellular, eukaryotic, and reproduce sexually.

Eubacteria are unicellular, prokaryotic and reproduce asexually (binary fission).

Assessment QuestionsWhat is the major difference between

Eubacteria and Archaebacteria?What are the 3 major phyla of the Eubacteria

kingdom?What are the 3 possible shapes of eubacteria?What is the shape of the eubacteria

Actinomycetales?What is the difference between how Fungi

reproduce and how eubacteria reproduce?