Ethernet Technology Inetent003

7/18/2019 Ethernet Technology Inetent003

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1Ethernet Technology

ETHERNET TECHNOLOGY

MODULE ID: INETENT003



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Topics Coere!

"# Intro!$ction%# Types o& Ethernet

3# M'C '!!ress(# Ethernet )r*+e,# Ethernet )$nctions-# Ethernet C*.ling

/# High spee! Ethernets



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Role o& Ethernet

✔ Most o& the tr*&&ic on the Internet origin*tes*n! en!s ith Ethernet connections

✔ In other or!s✔ Most o& the L'Ns orl!i!e *re $sing

Ethernet Technology



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1$ccess o& Ethernet

The s$ccess o& Ethernet is !$e to the &olloing&*ctors:

● 1i+plicity *n! e*se o& +*inten*nce

● '.ility to incorpor*te ne technologies

● Reli*.ility● Lo cost o& inst*ll*tion *n! $pgr*!e

● Together2 Ethernet *n! IEEE 0%#3 c$rrently+*int*in the gre*test +*r4et sh*re o& *ny L'N

protocol



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History o& Ethernet

✔ )o$n! .y 5ero6 7*lo 'lto Rese*rch Center87'RC9 in "/,

✔ Origin*l !esigne! *s * %#( M.ps syste+

to connect "00 co+p$ters on * " 4+ c*.le✔ L*ter2 5ero62 Intel *n! DEC !re $p *

st*n!*r! s$pporting "0 M.ps 4non *s DI5Ethernet II

✔ ;*sis &or the IEEE<s 0%#3 speci&ic*tion



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Types o& Ethernet

✔ "0;*se, Uses Thic4net co*6i*l c*.le 8M*6 len ,00 M9✔ "0;*se% = Uses Thinnet co*6i*l c*.le 8M*6 len %00 M9✔ "0;*seT = Uses Unshiel!e! tiste! p*ir 8UT79 8M*6

len "00M9✔ "0;*se) = Uses )i.er Optic c*.le 8M*6 len %000M9✔ "00;*seT = 'lso 4non *s )*st Ethernet $sing UT7

c*.les8 M*6 len "00M9✔ "00;*se)6= )*st Ethernet $sing )i.re 8M*6 len

%000M9



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Ethernet Types=Cont!

✔

"000;*seT = 'lso 4non *s Gig*.it Ethernet $singUT7 c*.le 8M*6 len "00M9✔ "000;*se=15 Gig*.it Ethernet on )i.re 8M*6 ,00M9✔ "000;*se=L5 Gig*.it Ethernet on )i.re 8M*6 ,000M9✔ "0G.*seC5(= 'lso 4non *s "0Gig*.it Ethernet $sing

Tin*6 copper 8M*6 ", M9✔ "0G;*seE>= "0GE $sing 1ingle +o!e )i.re 8M*6

(0?M9✔ (0G;*seCR(= (0GE $sing copper 8M*6 "0M9✔ (0G;*seLR(= (0GE $sing single +o!e &i.re 8"0?M9✔ "00G;*seER"0= "00GE $sing single +o!e &i.re

8"00?M9✔ (00GE is $n!er !eelop+ent



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IEEE 0%#36

✔

DI5 Ethernet II rele*se! in "%✔ 0%#3 "0 M.ps Ethernet 1t*n!*r!i@e! in "3✔ 0%#3i "0M.pls Ethernet oer Tiste! p*ir

st*n!*r!i@e! in "0✔ 0%#3$ "00M.ps 8)*st Ethernet st*n!*r!i@e! in ",9

✔ 0%#3@ "000M.ps 8Gig*.it Ethernet 1t*n!*r!i@e! in"9

✔ 0%#3*e "0G.ps 8"0G.ps Ethernet st*n!*r!i@e! in%00%9

✔

0%#3.* (0G.ps 8(0G.ps Ethernet st*n!*r!i@e! in%0"09✔ 0%#3.* "00G.ps 8"00G.ps Ethernet st*n!*r!i@e! in

%0"09



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Ethernet A O1I L*yers

Ethernet oper*tes in to *re*s o& the O1I +o!el2the loer s$.=l*yer o& D*t* Lin4 L*yer 8M'CL*yer9 *n! the physic*l l*yer

Data Link Layer

Physical Layer

Logical Link Control Sub Layer

Media Access Control Sub Layer

Ethernet



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Ethernet A D*t* Lin4 L*yer

✔ Logic*l lin4 Control 8LLC9 : 8IEEE 0%#%9

● The LLC s$.l*yer proi!es *n inter&*ce .eteenthe M'C l*yer *n! the Netor4 l*yer hich isin!epen!ent o& the h*r!*re

✔ Me!i* 'ccess Control 8M'C9: 8p*rt o& IEEE 0%#39● The M'C s$.=l*yer is concerne! ith the physic*l

co+ponents th*t ill .e $se! to co++$nic*te thein&or+*tion#

✔ 7hysic*l *!!ressing 8M'C *!!resses9 *n! *ccesscontrol +etho!s#



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N*+ing B The M'C or H*r!*re '!!ress

'll !eices th*t *re connecte! to the Ethernet L'N h*eM'C *!!resse! inter&*ces incl$!ing or4st*tions2printers2 ro$ters2 *n! sitches#

● ' (=.it *!!ress .$rne! onto the NIC#

● It is * $ni$e *y o& i!enti&ying e*ch co+p$ter on *

netor4#● )l*t '!!ress

● He6 )or+*t

● Eg# )':00:':E%:,:;3



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N*+ing B M'C '!!ress )or+*t

✔ The M'C *!!ress consists o& "% he6 !igits 8( .its9✔ The &irst si6 !igits 8*ssigne! .y the IEEE9 represent

the Org*ni@*tion*l Uni$e I!enti&ier 8OUI9 hichi!enti&ies the +*n$&*ct$rer# The l*st si6 *re *ssigne!.y the +*n$&*ct$rer *n! represent * $ni$e h*r!*reID n$+.er &or the NIC



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M'C Types

✔ There *re to Me!i* 'ccess Control8M'C9protocols !e&ine! &or Ethernet:● H*l&=D$ple6

● )$ll=D$ple6

✔ H*l&=D$ple6 is the tr*!ition*l &or+ o& Ethernetth*t $ses the C1M'CD protocol= Use! .yH$.s A Repe*ters

✔ )$ll=D$ple6 .yp*sses the C1M'CD protocol#It *llos to st*tions to si+$lt*neo$slye6ch*nge !*t* oer * point to point lin4 th*tproi!es in!epen!ent tr*ns+it *n! receiep*ths# Use! .y Ethernet 1itches



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)r*+ing

✔ )r*+ing is the L*yer % enc*ps$l*tion process#✔ ;it stre*+s 8!*t*9 *lone c*n not .e sent .eteen

!eices#

✔ >e +$st !ii!e the !*t* $p *n! *!!:● * .it p*ttern to &l*g the st*rt o& e*ch &r*+e

● rele*nt M'C *!!resses

● * .loc4 o& !*t*

● so+e .its &or error !etection

● * .it p*ttern to &l*g the en! o& the &r*+e✔ ' &r*+e is the L*yer % protocol !*t* $nit 87DU9#



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IEEE 0%#3 )r*+e 1tr$ct$re

Preamble (PRE)= / .ytes# The 7RE is *n *ltern*ting

p*ttern o& ones *n! @eros th*t tells receiing st*tions th*t* &r*+e is co+ing2 *n! th*t proi!es * +e*ns tosynchroni@e the &r*+e=reception portions o& receiingphysic*l l*yers ith the inco+ing .it stre*+#

Start-of-frame delimiter (SFD)= " .yte# The 1O) is *n

*ltern*ting p*ttern o& ones *n! @eros2 en!ing ith toconsec$tie "=.its in!ic*ting th*t the ne6t .it is the le&t=+ost .it in the le&t=+ost .yte o& the !estin*tion *!!ress#

PRE SFD D S !E"#$% & $'PE D$ FS

/ " - - % (-=",00 (



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IEEE 0%#3 )r*+e 1tr$ct$re=Cont!

!e*t+&$,e= % .ytes# This &iel! in!ic*tes either then$+.er o& M'C=client !*t* .ytes th*t *re cont*ine! inthe !*t* &iel! o& the &r*+e2 or the &r*+e type ID;ec*$se the D*t* &iel! o& *n 0%#3 Ethernet &r*+e isli+ite! to ",00 .ytes2 * *l$e l*rger th*n ",3- 8060-009in the TypeLength &iel! in!ic*tes *n Ethernet I A II &r*+e*n! this is Type &iel! 81$. 7rotocol I!enti&ier9 Eg:06000is the type *l$e &or I7

I& the *l$e is less th*n ",3-2 it in!ic*tes the si@e o& the0%#3 Ethernet &r*+e 8Length9



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IEEE 0%#3 )r*+e 1tr$ct$re=Cont!

Data= Is * se$ence o& n .ytes 8(-F n F",009o& *ny *l$e# 8The tot*l &r*+e +ini+$+ is-(.ytes#9

Frame .+e./ ee.e (FS)= ( .ytes# Thisse$ence cont*ins * 3%=.it cyclic re!$n!*ncychec4 8CRC9 *l$e2 hich is cre*te! .y thesen!ing M'C *n! is rec*lc$l*te! .y thereceiing M'C to chec4 &or !*+*ge! &r*+es#



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Ethernet &$nctions

Ethernet per&or+s three &$nctions:● Tr*ns+itting *n! receiing !*t* p*c4ets

● Deco!ing !*t* p*c4ets *n! chec4ing the+ &or*li! M'C *!!resses .e&ore p*ssing the+ tothe $pper l*yers o& the O1I +o!el

● !etecting errors ithin !*t* p*c4ets or on thenetor4

In the C1M'CD *ccess +etho!2 netor4ing

!eices ith !*t* to tr*ns+it oer the netor4ing+e!i* or4 in * listen=.e&ore=tr*ns+it +o!e#



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C1M'CD



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Ethernet )r*+e )or+*t E6tensions

✔

L'N T*gging● )r*+e &or+*t e6tensions to s$pport irt$*l Loc*l

✔ 're* Netor4 8L'N9 T*gging

● The L'N protocol per+its insertion o& *n

i!enti&ier or t*g into the Ethernet &r*+e &or+*t● L'N T*gging proi!es *rio$s .ene&its

– E*sing netor4 *!+inistr*tion

– 'lloing &or+*tion o& or4 gro$ps

– Enh*ncing netor4 sec$rity

● The (=.yte L'N t*g is inserte! .eteen the1o$rceJ M'C '!!ress &iel! *n! theLengthTypeJ &iel!



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Ethernet C*.ling8Tiste! 7*ir9

✔ Tiste! 7*ir C*.les● 7*irs o& ires *re tiste! *ro$n! one *nother

● E*ch p*ir consists o& to ins$l*te! copperires tiste! together

● High $*lity tiste! p*ir c*.les h*e *.o$t " to3 tists per inch#

● Tiste! p*ir c*.les *re $se! ith "0;*se=T"00;*se=T A "000;*se=T

✔ Co++only $se! UT7 C*t=,2,E2-22-' A /C*.les



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Ethernet C*.ling8Optic )i.re9

✔ )i.er optic c*.ling is * technology here

electric*l sign*ls *re conerte! into optic*lsign*ls2 tr*ns+itte! thro$gh * thin gl*ss &i.er2*n! re=conerte! into electric*l sign*ls

✔ It is $se! on● "00;*se=)5● "000;*se=L5

● "000;*se=15

✔ To types o& )i.re is $se!:

● M$lti=Mo!e )i.er 8MM)9 $se! &or short!ist*nces

● 1ingle=Mo!e )i.er 81M)9 $se! &or long!ist*nces



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The "0G; Ethernet in L'N

✔

"0 Gig*.it Ethernet c*n .e $se! to connect.*c4.ones sitches *n! ro$ters2 si+pli&yingnetor4 connectiity *n! *!+inistr*tion

✔ "0=G.ps Ethernet 8IEEE 0%#3*e9 *s

st*n!*r!i@e! in K$ne %00%#✔ The +*6i+$+ tr*ns+ission !ist*nces !epen!

on the type o& c*.les .eing $se!#✔ >hen $sing single=+o!e &i.er *s the

tr*ns+ission +e!i$+2 the +*6i+$+tr*ns+ission !ist*nce is (0 4ilo+eters 8%,+iles9#



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"0G.E in >'N

✔ 1ingle +o!e optic*l c*.le is $se! &or"0G;*se=1R 8short r*nge92 "0G;*se=LR 8longr*nge92 *n! "0G;*se=ER 8e6ten!e! r*nge9#

✔ M$lti=+o!e optic*l &i.er c*.le is $se! &or"0G;*se=L5( *n! "0G;*se=L5M# >i!e *re*netor4s 8>'Ns9 h*e their on *rieties o&"0G.E: "0G;*se=1>2 "0G;*se=L> *n!

"0G.*se=E>#



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"0G.E in >'N

✔ "0 G.ps Ethernet >'N st*n!*r!enc*ps$l*tes Ethernet &r*+es into 1ONET

&r*+es# G.E oper*tes in &$ll=!$ple6 +o!e only*n! s$pports !*t* tr*ns&er r*tes o& "0 gig*.itsper secon! &or !ist*nces $p to 300 +eters on+$lti+o!e &i.er optic c*.les *n! $p to (0

4ilo+eters on single +o!e &i.er optic c*.les#



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(0G. *n! "00G. Ethernet

✔ (0 G. *n! "00 G. Ethernet:● The st*n!*r!s *re !eelope! .y IEEE 0%#3.*

● 7resere the 0%#3 Ethernet &r*+e &or+*t $tili@ing the0%#3 M'C

● 7resere +ini+$+ *n! +*6i+$+ )r*+e1i@e o& c$rrent0%#3 st*n!*r!

● 7roi!e *ppropri*te s$pport &or OTN 8Optic*l Tr*nsportNetor49

● 1$pport * .it error r*tio 8;ER9 .etter th*n or e$*l to"0 ="% *t the M'C7L1 serice inter&*ce

● 1$pport M'C !*t* r*tes o& (0 *n! "00 G.its

● 7roi!e 7hysic*l L*yer speci&ic*tions 87HY9 &oroper*tion oer single=+o!e optic*l &i.er 81M)92 OM3+$lti=+o!e optic*l &i.er 8MM)92 copper c*.le *sse+.ly2*n! .*c4pl*ne#



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1$++*ry

"# Ethernet is the +ost pop$l*r L'N +o!el%# Ethernet 8"0M.ps9 )*st Ethernet

8"00M.ps9 G.E 8"000M.ps9 "0G.E

8"0G.ps9 (0G.E 8(0G.ps9 "00G.E8"00G.ps9

3# It oper*tes in the L*yer " A % o& O1I<s /L*yers

(# )C1 is $se! &or &r*+e error !etection,# It s$pports !i&&erent types o& Me!i*



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Re&erences

;oo4s:"#CCN' 1t$!y G$i!e = T# L*++le%#Netor4 concepts *n! *rchitect$re = ;

H*ncoc4

3#Loc*l *re* netor4s = 7 Ho!son(#L'N 1itching *n! ireless = > Leis,# Internetor4ing H*n!.oo4 .y Cisco 7ress

URLs:

● http:cisco#co+● http:ieee#org

● http:!s$#co+

http://cisco.com/

http://ieee.org/

http://ieee.org/

http://cisco.com/

Ethernet Technology Inetent003

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