“You never change things by fighting the existing reality. To change something, build a new model that makes the existing model obsolete.” Buckminster Fuller

THE DECENTRALIZATION SINGULARITY

Stephan Tual, CCO Twitter : @stephantual

PrologueA centralized, digital world

A Digital World• % of population with Internet in the

developed world: ~90%

• 46,000 Google searches, 8,000 tweets, 1,600 Skype calls, 2M emails - per second

• 6 billion hours worth of videos are watched on Youtube every month

• Amazon shipped 5 billion items in 2014

• Smartphones will introduce billions of new Internet users from the developing world very soon

• We’re still using the same ageing infrastructure from the 70’s

• Promised decentralisation of the internet never occurred

• Online more centralized than offline media:

• Facebook is 71% of all social media

• The 14 competitors to Amazon combined only represent 1/5 of its capacity

• This centralisation was unintentional, is convenient and allows for targeted advertising

“Social media platforms are public in the same way that a shopping centre is” Jamie Bartlett, telegraph.co.uk

Going Backwards

• Require you to entrust them with your information and your funds

• Provide absolute power to ‘sharing economy’ platforms

• Provide an inordinate amount of power to app store providers

• Current monetization models lead to privacy and data loss, abuses of power and carelessness in handling user data, regardless of regulations

• Are single point of failures exposing small surfaces of attack

“The Web’s future relies on individuals owning their data” Tim Berners-Lee

Centralized Models

World’s biggest data breaches

World’s biggest data breaches

Just 3% of respondents said they trust social networks with their data Open-xchange - Crossing the Line Report

86% of Internet users have taken steps to avoid surveillance Pew Research Center's Internet Project & Carnegie Mellon University

88% of ICT decision-makers report that they are changing their cloud buying behavior as a result of Snowden’s leaks

NTT Communications’ survey

A Data Trust Deficit

Chapter 1Ethereum

• An 100% open source software platform to build and distribute decentralized applications

• No middle men, users are in control of their funds and personal information at all times

• Can be used to build anything: social sites, financial systems, voting mechanisms, in-game economies, reputation systems

• 100% peer to peer, censorship-proof and corruption-proof: data exists both everywhere and nowhere in particular

What is Ethereum?

• A not for profit organisation whose goal it to take the Internet to its logical conclusion

• Agenda free: users leverage it because they don’t have to trust it - it has no agenda other than solving a problem, and it is easily peer-reviewed.

• Through its pre-sale Ethereum secured USD 18M, plans to launch a v1.0 March 2015

“Open source software is ideas created and shared for the common good”

The Ethereum Team

• Consensus at scale a notoriously hard problem to solve

• Ethereum makes it trivial to build on top of blockchain technology

• Rather than low-level network protocol concern, developers can focus on delivering true value to their users

How do I build on Ethereum?

DAPP

HTML + JAVASCRIPT (FRONTEND)

SOLIDITY (C++/JS) OR

SERPENT (PYTHON)(BACKEND)

Centralized Decentralized

Blockwhat?

Implementation

Ethereum Contracts• Blockchain technology where trust

is achieved on a open network

• Contracts as your applications backends, maintained by the network

• Zero Infrastructure

Technology Stack

Ethereum : A computer we all share

Chapter 2Use Cases

• Anything can be build, but some use cases are more compelling than others early on

• Reconciling the need for sharing without the uncanny valley elements

• Decentralized Apps the true stars of the show

Build anything

Organisational

• Contracts (b2b)

• Assets permissions

• Shareholder agreements

• Prediction markets

• Voting systems

• Domain registries

Consumer

• Escrows

• Personal asset store

• Smart property

• Financial exchanges

• Savings accounts

• Wills

• Intellectual property

Smart Contracts

Peer to peer finance

• Crowdfunding

• Derivatives, hedging

• Insurance

• Eliminate ambiguity

• Entering is agreeing - no need to sign on the dotted line

• Provide flexibility - both in terms of ruleset and of state

• Allow for consumer protection to be included as part of code

Smart Contracts

• The end of rent-seeking behaviour

• Startups include:

• airlock.me

• MoneGraph

• Foodway

• CubeSpawn

• and many more! Project airlock.me demonstrating their smart contract enabled door

Web 3.0

Cubespawn

• Privacy

• Security

• Scaling

IBM announcing project Adept

Enabling the Internet of Things

IBM announcing project Adept

IBM/Samsung CES ADEPT demo

• Contracts the perfect ledger to issue tokens of value

• A decentralized Kickstarter on Ethereum would

enable startups to issue shares

Issuing tokens of value

Truly reward early adopters

• Mesh networks

• Distributed computing (BOINC, Folding @ home)

• Measurement of clean energy production

• Rewards for actions taken in the physical world

Node Incentivization

Bringing reputation back in finance

DAOS

Chapter 3Mist

LOADING

EpilogueDisruptive doesn’t begin to describe it

Community & Media • Vitalik Buterin, winner World Technology Award

2015 • 97 meetups groups, 30 countries, 8k members • Dozens of startup building apps on our platform • 100k uniques on our site/month

Software • Started November 2013 • 3 FOSS clients in C++, Go, Python • Many more community clients in the

works: node.js , java, android, clojure, objectiveC

The Story So Far

Let’s Predict the Future!

… applications were modular?

… the internet of things could self-heal?

… anyone could bootstrap a business and issue shares?

… the unbanked could have access to credit?

… access to financial instruments was universal?

… anyone could create their own currency?

… computer programs could employ humans?

… using the Internet didn’t require trust?

We’re about to find out.

What If

presented by @stephantual

Forums: forum.ethereum.org Web: ethereum.org

Twitter: @ethereumproject IRC: #ethereum (freenode)