Estate Planning An Introduction v1 · Presented by Deborah A. Stokes, CPA, CSEP Brenda E. Curtis,...

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Presented by Deborah A. Stokes,  CPA, CSEP Brenda E. Curtis, CPA, MST, CSEP & Irene R. Walsh, EA Presented by Deborah A. Stokes,  CPA, CSEP Brenda E. Curtis, CPA, MST, CSEP & Irene R. Walsh, EA Estate Planning ‐ An Introduction Estate Planning ‐ An Introduction

Transcript of Estate Planning An Introduction v1 · Presented by Deborah A. Stokes, CPA, CSEP Brenda E. Curtis,...

Page 1: Estate Planning An Introduction v1 · Presented by Deborah A. Stokes, CPA, CSEP Brenda E. Curtis, CPA, MST, CSEP & Irene R. Walsh, EA Estate Planning ‐An Introduction

Presented by

Deborah A. Stokes,  CPA, CSEPBrenda E. Curtis, CPA, MST, CSEP

& Irene R. Walsh, EA

Presented by

Deborah A. Stokes,  CPA, CSEPBrenda E. Curtis, CPA, MST, CSEP

& Irene R. Walsh, EA

Estate Planning ‐An IntroductionEstate Planning ‐An Introduction

Page 2: Estate Planning An Introduction v1 · Presented by Deborah A. Stokes, CPA, CSEP Brenda E. Curtis, CPA, MST, CSEP & Irene R. Walsh, EA Estate Planning ‐An Introduction

The Tale of Two Estates – Estate 1The Tale of Two Estates – Estate 1

• Joe – 70 year old Widower –VA resident

• Gross estate $4.5M

• Had a Will & Trust Agreement – all assets were titled to his trust – no probate

• Gifted his property in DC to his children to avoid a DC estate tax return – the property was worth $750K at the time of the gift, worth $1.1M at death

Page 3: Estate Planning An Introduction v1 · Presented by Deborah A. Stokes, CPA, CSEP Brenda E. Curtis, CPA, MST, CSEP & Irene R. Walsh, EA Estate Planning ‐An Introduction

The Tale of Two Estates – Estate 2 The Tale of Two Estates – Estate 2 

• Jane, 65 year old Widow –VA resident

• Gross estate $4M

• No Estate Planning

• All assets were subject to probate – paid over $4,000 in probate fees

• No Federal Estate tax return required, but owned property in MD – owed estate tax 

Page 4: Estate Planning An Introduction v1 · Presented by Deborah A. Stokes, CPA, CSEP Brenda E. Curtis, CPA, MST, CSEP & Irene R. Walsh, EA Estate Planning ‐An Introduction

• Reasons you should have an Estate Plan

• Types of taxes associated with Gifts & Estates

• Essential Estate Planning Documents

• Basic Estate Planning Strategies

Estate Planning TopicsEstate Planning Topics

Page 5: Estate Planning An Introduction v1 · Presented by Deborah A. Stokes, CPA, CSEP Brenda E. Curtis, CPA, MST, CSEP & Irene R. Walsh, EA Estate Planning ‐An Introduction

Who Needs an Estate PlanWho Needs an Estate Plan

• Married couples

• Single adults

• Parents with minor children

• Older people

• Younger people

• Wealthy people and those who are not wealthy

Page 6: Estate Planning An Introduction v1 · Presented by Deborah A. Stokes, CPA, CSEP Brenda E. Curtis, CPA, MST, CSEP & Irene R. Walsh, EA Estate Planning ‐An Introduction

Reasons for Estate PlanningReasons for Estate Planning

• Minimize/eliminate estate taxes

• Avoid probate

• Ensures property passes to the people/organization you want 

• Control of Assets in case of incapacity

• Make estate administration easier for family members

Page 7: Estate Planning An Introduction v1 · Presented by Deborah A. Stokes, CPA, CSEP Brenda E. Curtis, CPA, MST, CSEP & Irene R. Walsh, EA Estate Planning ‐An Introduction

Minimizing/Eliminating Estate TaxesMinimizing/Eliminating Estate Taxes

• Emphasis is placed on reducing the size of the estate at date of death by gifting in the most efficient manner before death 

• Using estate planning techniques you can transfer more wealth out of your estate using appropriate discounts

• With the proper planning you can transfer more assets to your grandchildren without paying GST tax

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What is Probate? What is Probate? 

• Executor/Executrix/Personal Representative (MD) –appointed by the will to administer an estate

• Administrator appointed by the court to administer an estate

• Commissioner of Accounts (VA) /Register of Wills (MD/DC) – oversees the administration of the estate

• Probate Estate different from Estate for Estate Tax purposes

Page 9: Estate Planning An Introduction v1 · Presented by Deborah A. Stokes, CPA, CSEP Brenda E. Curtis, CPA, MST, CSEP & Irene R. Walsh, EA Estate Planning ‐An Introduction

Probate AssetsProbate Assets

• Bank Account/Brokerage Accounts

• Stock

• Business Interests

• Life Insurance with the estate as beneficiary (or no beneficiary)

• IRA accounts with the estate as beneficiary (or no beneficiary)

• Personal Property

Page 10: Estate Planning An Introduction v1 · Presented by Deborah A. Stokes, CPA, CSEP Brenda E. Curtis, CPA, MST, CSEP & Irene R. Walsh, EA Estate Planning ‐An Introduction

Non‐Probate AssetsNon‐Probate Assets

• Life Insurance with a designated beneficiary 

• IRA accounts with a designated beneficiary 

• Transfer/Pay on Death (TOD/POD) accounts

• Accounts titled Joint with Right of Survivorship (JWROS)

Page 11: Estate Planning An Introduction v1 · Presented by Deborah A. Stokes, CPA, CSEP Brenda E. Curtis, CPA, MST, CSEP & Irene R. Walsh, EA Estate Planning ‐An Introduction

• Information is made public 

• Costly, depending on the size of the estate

• Court oversees administration

Probate – Reasons to Avoid ItProbate – Reasons to Avoid It

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Ways to Avoid ProbateWays to Avoid Probate

• Give away all your assets before death

• Title all your assets joint with right of survivorship 

• Set up a revocable (living) trust and title all your assets in the trust’s name

Page 13: Estate Planning An Introduction v1 · Presented by Deborah A. Stokes, CPA, CSEP Brenda E. Curtis, CPA, MST, CSEP & Irene R. Walsh, EA Estate Planning ‐An Introduction

TrustsTrusts

• A Revocable Living Trust is set up prior to death.  Assets are transferred into the Trust, thereby avoiding probate

• Trust under the Will is set up under the Will and the Will controls the Trust.  Assets are not transferred to the Trust until after death ‐ probate is not avoided

Page 14: Estate Planning An Introduction v1 · Presented by Deborah A. Stokes, CPA, CSEP Brenda E. Curtis, CPA, MST, CSEP & Irene R. Walsh, EA Estate Planning ‐An Introduction

Smooth Transfer of AssetsSmooth Transfer of Assets

• Your estate plan will ensure your assets go to the person/people that you want them to go to 

• If you want some or all of your assets to go to charity, that wish can be part of your estate plan

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IncapacitationIncapacitation

• Estate Planning includes documents that help with control of your assets in the event you become incapacitated– Power of Attorney– Revocable Living Trust

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Making It Easier on Family MembersMaking It Easier on Family Members

• A good estate plan avoids probate so your family does not have to deal with the court

• A good estate plan maps out your wishes –no guessing involved. It can be as detailed as you want

Page 17: Estate Planning An Introduction v1 · Presented by Deborah A. Stokes, CPA, CSEP Brenda E. Curtis, CPA, MST, CSEP & Irene R. Walsh, EA Estate Planning ‐An Introduction

Death/Transfer TaxesDeath/Transfer Taxes

• Gift Tax

• Estate Tax – Federal & State

• Inheritance Tax

• Generation Skipping Transfer Tax (GST)

• Probate Tax

• Estate (Fiduciary) Income Tax

Page 18: Estate Planning An Introduction v1 · Presented by Deborah A. Stokes, CPA, CSEP Brenda E. Curtis, CPA, MST, CSEP & Irene R. Walsh, EA Estate Planning ‐An Introduction

Gift TaxGift Tax

• Tax on the transfer of assets during a person’s lifetime

• Tax rate is the same as the estate tax rate

• Lifetime exemption of $5,340,000 (for 2014), whatever is not used during lifetime is used at death

• 2014 rate is 40%

Page 19: Estate Planning An Introduction v1 · Presented by Deborah A. Stokes, CPA, CSEP Brenda E. Curtis, CPA, MST, CSEP & Irene R. Walsh, EA Estate Planning ‐An Introduction

• The tax on the net value of the assets held by a decedent at date of death

Estate TaxEstate Tax

Page 20: Estate Planning An Introduction v1 · Presented by Deborah A. Stokes, CPA, CSEP Brenda E. Curtis, CPA, MST, CSEP & Irene R. Walsh, EA Estate Planning ‐An Introduction

Estate Tax Exemptions & RatesEstate Tax Exemptions & Rates

Year Exemption Maximum Rate

2013 $ 5,250,000  40%

2014 $ 5,340,000  40%

2015 $ 5,430,000  40%

Page 21: Estate Planning An Introduction v1 · Presented by Deborah A. Stokes, CPA, CSEP Brenda E. Curtis, CPA, MST, CSEP & Irene R. Walsh, EA Estate Planning ‐An Introduction

PortabilityPortability

For 2011 & Forward

Allows the unused exemption on the first to die to be used by the second to die

Page 22: Estate Planning An Introduction v1 · Presented by Deborah A. Stokes, CPA, CSEP Brenda E. Curtis, CPA, MST, CSEP & Irene R. Walsh, EA Estate Planning ‐An Introduction

Portability – 706 FiledPortability – 706 Filed

Husband dies 2013 (Exemption $5.25M)Exemption used:  $1,500,000Unused exemption:  $3,750,000

Wife dies 2014 (Exemption $5.34M)Wife’s estate:  $10,000,000Less her exemption:  $5,340,000Less husband’s unused exemption: $3,750,000Taxable estate:  $910,000

Tax                                     $364,000

Page 23: Estate Planning An Introduction v1 · Presented by Deborah A. Stokes, CPA, CSEP Brenda E. Curtis, CPA, MST, CSEP & Irene R. Walsh, EA Estate Planning ‐An Introduction

Husband dies 2013 (Exemption $5.25M)Exemption used:  $1,500,000Unused exemption:  $3,750,000

Wife dies 2014 (Exemption $5.34M)Wife’s estate:  $10,000,000Less her exemption:  $5,340,000Less husband’s unused exemption:  $0Taxable estate:  $4,660,000

Tax                            $1,864,000

No Portability – 706 Not FiledNo Portability – 706 Not Filed

Page 24: Estate Planning An Introduction v1 · Presented by Deborah A. Stokes, CPA, CSEP Brenda E. Curtis, CPA, MST, CSEP & Irene R. Walsh, EA Estate Planning ‐An Introduction

Inheritance TaxInheritance Tax

• A tax assessed on the right to inherit property from a decedent

• Assessed at the state level (only assessed by some states)

Page 25: Estate Planning An Introduction v1 · Presented by Deborah A. Stokes, CPA, CSEP Brenda E. Curtis, CPA, MST, CSEP & Irene R. Walsh, EA Estate Planning ‐An Introduction
Page 26: Estate Planning An Introduction v1 · Presented by Deborah A. Stokes, CPA, CSEP Brenda E. Curtis, CPA, MST, CSEP & Irene R. Walsh, EA Estate Planning ‐An Introduction

Generation‐Skipping Transfer TaxGeneration‐Skipping Transfer Tax

• The tax on the value of assets transferred to a “skip” person

• Imposed on gifts in addition to normal gift and estate taxes

• Skip persons are 2 generations or more below the donor (i.e., grandchild, great‐grandchild, great‐niece or great‐nephew)

Page 27: Estate Planning An Introduction v1 · Presented by Deborah A. Stokes, CPA, CSEP Brenda E. Curtis, CPA, MST, CSEP & Irene R. Walsh, EA Estate Planning ‐An Introduction

• A non‐related person would be considered a skip person if they are 371/2  years or more younger than the donor

GST Tax (cont.)GST Tax (cont.)

Page 28: Estate Planning An Introduction v1 · Presented by Deborah A. Stokes, CPA, CSEP Brenda E. Curtis, CPA, MST, CSEP & Irene R. Walsh, EA Estate Planning ‐An Introduction

GST Tax Exemptions & RatesGST Tax Exemptions & Rates

Year Exemption Maximum Rate

2013 $ 5,250,000  40%

2014 $ 5,340,000  40%

2015 $ 5,430,000  40%

Page 29: Estate Planning An Introduction v1 · Presented by Deborah A. Stokes, CPA, CSEP Brenda E. Curtis, CPA, MST, CSEP & Irene R. Walsh, EA Estate Planning ‐An Introduction

Probate TaxProbate Tax

• Assessed by a county or city

• Fees include court filing fees, inventory fees and accounting fees

• Tax is paid on assets passing by Will or in the case of intestacy (no will), by state law

Page 30: Estate Planning An Introduction v1 · Presented by Deborah A. Stokes, CPA, CSEP Brenda E. Curtis, CPA, MST, CSEP & Irene R. Walsh, EA Estate Planning ‐An Introduction

Estate Income TaxEstate Income Tax

• The tax on the income earned from the assets of a decedent during the period beginning with his/her death and ending on the end of the tax year

• Generally, filed annually as long as the estate is opened

• Must file a return if the income is $600 or more or the estate has a non‐resident alien beneficiary

Page 31: Estate Planning An Introduction v1 · Presented by Deborah A. Stokes, CPA, CSEP Brenda E. Curtis, CPA, MST, CSEP & Irene R. Walsh, EA Estate Planning ‐An Introduction

Essential Estate Planning DocumentsEssential Estate Planning Documents

• Power of Attorney

• Medical Directive/HIPAA Form

• Will

• Revocable (Living) Trust

Page 32: Estate Planning An Introduction v1 · Presented by Deborah A. Stokes, CPA, CSEP Brenda E. Curtis, CPA, MST, CSEP & Irene R. Walsh, EA Estate Planning ‐An Introduction

Power of AttorneyPower of Attorney

• Gives authorization to your representative to act on your behalf

• May need specific authorization for specific acts such as the sale of assets or gifting of assets

• Power of attorney ceases upon the death of either person

Page 33: Estate Planning An Introduction v1 · Presented by Deborah A. Stokes, CPA, CSEP Brenda E. Curtis, CPA, MST, CSEP & Irene R. Walsh, EA Estate Planning ‐An Introduction

Medical Directive/HIPAA FormMedical Directive/HIPAA Form

• Medical directive allows someone else to make decisions involving your health during your incapacitation

• Outlines what your wishes are in certain circumstances – for example, what type of measures you want taken to revive you

• HIPAA Form deals with the privacy of your medical information.  Can be used to allow information to be shared with certain people

Page 34: Estate Planning An Introduction v1 · Presented by Deborah A. Stokes, CPA, CSEP Brenda E. Curtis, CPA, MST, CSEP & Irene R. Walsh, EA Estate Planning ‐An Introduction

WillWill

• Directs the transfer of assets to individuals/charities

• Can direct the assets to go to a pre‐established trust (known as a “pour‐over” will)

• Can be used to identify your wishes for the guardianship of your minor children

• Can be used to outline your wishes for a funeral

Page 35: Estate Planning An Introduction v1 · Presented by Deborah A. Stokes, CPA, CSEP Brenda E. Curtis, CPA, MST, CSEP & Irene R. Walsh, EA Estate Planning ‐An Introduction

Revocable (Living) TrustRevocable (Living) Trust

• Used to avoid the probate process

• Assets are titled in the trust’s name, but still belong to the Grantor. Trust assets are included in the Grantor’s estate

• Can be revoked up until the Grantor’s death

• Becomes irrevocable upon the Grantor’s death

• Upon death it functions like a Will by directing the transfer of assets

Page 36: Estate Planning An Introduction v1 · Presented by Deborah A. Stokes, CPA, CSEP Brenda E. Curtis, CPA, MST, CSEP & Irene R. Walsh, EA Estate Planning ‐An Introduction

Basic Estate Planning StrategiesBasic Estate Planning Strategies

Page 37: Estate Planning An Introduction v1 · Presented by Deborah A. Stokes, CPA, CSEP Brenda E. Curtis, CPA, MST, CSEP & Irene R. Walsh, EA Estate Planning ‐An Introduction

Basic Estate Planning StrategiesBasic Estate Planning Strategies

• Plan to eliminate probate by using a Trust and/or POD or joint accounts

• Annual gifting of $14,000 to each donee from each donor each year (subject to increases)

• In addition, gifts over and above the $14,000 per person for educational and medical expenses are not subject to gift taxes as long as they are paid directly to the institution/medical provider

• Unlimited marital deduction for transfers of property to U.S. citizen spouse (limited to $145,000 per year to non‐citizen spouse)

Page 38: Estate Planning An Introduction v1 · Presented by Deborah A. Stokes, CPA, CSEP Brenda E. Curtis, CPA, MST, CSEP & Irene R. Walsh, EA Estate Planning ‐An Introduction

Gifting of Unified CreditGifting of Unified Credit

• You may make gifts of up to $5,340,000 before death (not including the annual $14,000 exclusion)

– Advantages: Get assets out of your estate before they appreciate in value, transfer income‐producing assets to an adult child who is in a lower income‐tax bracket

– Disadvantages: loss of control of assets, no step up in basis at time of death 

Page 39: Estate Planning An Introduction v1 · Presented by Deborah A. Stokes, CPA, CSEP Brenda E. Curtis, CPA, MST, CSEP & Irene R. Walsh, EA Estate Planning ‐An Introduction

Six Steps for Estate Planning  Six Steps for Estate Planning  

Page 40: Estate Planning An Introduction v1 · Presented by Deborah A. Stokes, CPA, CSEP Brenda E. Curtis, CPA, MST, CSEP & Irene R. Walsh, EA Estate Planning ‐An Introduction

Contact InformationContact Information

Debbie Stokes, CPA, CSEP ‐ [email protected](703) 642‐2700 ext 226

Brenda Curtis, CPA, CSEP ‐[email protected](703) 642‐2700 ext 252

Irene Walsh, EA – [email protected](703) 642‐2700 ext 266