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FPE 2153
TISSUE CULTURE TECHNOLOGY
Establishment Of Cell Suspension Callus Culture from Leaves Andrographis paniculata sp.
&
Micropropagation of Borreria laevicaulis sp.
1) NURUL AIN NABILAH BINTI MOHAMAD ZAWAWI (B11A329)2) AZIFAH BINTI MOHD SUHAIMI (B11A038)3) NOR SYAKIRA BINTI MAT (B11A289)4) FARAH NUR AYU BINTI AHMAD (B11A068)5) MOHD ADIB BIN MOHD NAFI (B11A201)
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INTRODUCTION
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Plant Tissue Culture
Tissue culture is a technique used for the growth and
maintenance of tissue and organ growth in aseptic culture (in
vitro).Plant tissue culture is a culturing
of any part of plants in a growth media.
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Micropropagation
Micropropagation is one of the techniques in plant tissue
culture. It is the practice of rapidly
multiplying stock plant material to produce a large number of progeny plants, using modern plant tissue culture methods.
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Borreria laevis sp.
B. laevis (Lam.) Griseb. (Syn.: S. laevis Roxb. and S. assurgens Ruiz and Pavon) is a small herb found
in the tropical regions of Asia.used to treat kidney pain.
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Cell suspension of callus culture
A plant cell callus consists of somatic undifferentiated cells from an adult
subject plant . The callus can be suspended in a solid callus induction media containing all the required nutrients and elements to allow for optimal growth which acts to turn all
cells into undifferentiated cells.
The cells will continuously grow until one of the factors becomes limiting causing
cell growth to slow.
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Andrographis paniculata sp. (Hempedu Bumi)
Uses : Treatment for diabetes, high blood
pressure. asthma, arteriosclerosis, chest pain due to heart disease,
malaria, fever, stimulates the activity of the stomach, tonic, restoring body functions, snake bites and venomous
stings.
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MATERIAL AND APPARATUS
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MATERIAL AND APPARATUS OF MICROPROPAGATION
1) Tween 202) Ethanol 75%3) Mercury chloride
0.5%4) MS media5) Hormone-
benzylaminopurine (BAP )and Kinetin(Kn)6) Forceps
7) Scalper8) Surgical blade9) Petri disk10)Spirit lamp11)Beaker12)Internode from
Borreria laevicaulis sp.
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MATERIAL AND APPARATUS FOR CALLUS CULTURE
1) Tween 202) Ethanol 75%3) Mercury
chloride 0.5%4) MS media5) Hormone-
naphthalene acetic acid (NAA)
6) Forceps7) Scalper
8) Surgical blade9) Petri disk10)Spirit lamp11)Beaker12)Leaves of
Andrographis paniculata sp. (Hempedu Bumi)
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MEDIA PREPARATION
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• (macro, micro, vitamin, hormones)
Stock Solutions
• Adjust volume to 800 mL
Volume adjustment
• (5.4-5.8) • Use
either HCl or NaOH
Check pH
• Add 30 g Sucrose – carbon source
• 8 g Agar – gelling agent
Organic elements,
gelling agent
• Dispense into culture vessels
• petri dish, test tube, glass jar
Pouring media
• Autoclave the medium
• Make it slang
Autoclave
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MICROPROPAGATION
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SELECTION OF PLANT
MATERIAL
* Cell, tissue or organ of a plant that is used to start in vitro
cultures – axillary bud
* >95% of all micropropagation,Genetically stable,
Simple and straightforward
SURFACE STERILISATION
* Washing removes endemic surface contaminants* Bacteria and fungi will overgrow the explant on the medium unless they are removed
* Pre-treatments to clean up the explant
* Detergents, Sterilants and Antibiotics, HgCl2, H2O2 , Chlorax
MULTIPLICATION
* Direct adventitious
organ formation
*no intervention of callus
* the cells initiation begin to develop
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The leaf is quickly
rinsed under cool tap water
Then the leaf is wash
in water with 0.1% detergent for 3-4
minute and the leaf is gently agitated
every 20-30 seconds during the
washing step.
The leaf is gently
agitated in 10% bleach
solution for 10 minutes. The beaker should be filled three-fourth full with
the bleach solution.
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RESULT
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Result of Callus Culture : Leaves of Hempedu Bumi
Week
Total of plate
Callus with
root
Callus without
root
Explant without
respond 1
(18/11/2013)
18
4
10
4
2
(25/11/2013)
18
6
8
4
3
(2/12/2013)
18
7
7
4
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a) Callus without root b) Callus with root
Before After
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Result of Micropropagation Borrheria laevicallus
1st Batch (Use BAP Hormone)
Hormone concentration
Green in colour
Brown in colour
Contamination
BAP 1.0
4
2
2
BAP 1.5
2
0
3
BAP 2.0
2
4
1
Total of tube culture
8
6
6
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a) Green in colour b) brown in colour c) contamination
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2nd Batch (Use KN Hormone)
Hormone
concentration
Green in colour
Brown in colour
Contamination
KN 1.0
3
4
3
KN 2.0
2
6
1
KN 3.0
6
2
1
Total of tube culture
11
12
5
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a) Green in colour b) brown in colour c) contamination
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DISCUSSION
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Advantages of tissue culture :
Reduce time to propagate plant
Save time for crop improvement selection
Can create potential disease-free plants
Save space and reduce cost for land use
Has pharmaceutical properties
Can conserve endangered species
Can be use to manage genetic resources
Is not limited by seasonal change
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The most crucial part in micro propagation is when establish an
aseptic culture.It is really important to fully sterilize the parent plant to make sure it does not bring any harmful pathogen that can contaminate the cultured tissue.Safety precautions have to be fully
utilised to avoid any further contamination.
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The reasons for contamination occur
1) Sterilization process2) Airborne particles
3) Dirty lab coat and cloth4) Water source
5) Equipment6) Non-sterile apparatus7) Careless in culturing
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How to reduce contamination?Sterilization of explant should be done thoroughly
at least twice which is in the washing area and second time in the laminar flow hood.
Make sure that the air flow from outside when entering is as low as possible to avoid airborne
contaminate from outside.
Wear a clean lab coat and cloth at all time inside the lab
Create a properly aseptic working area inside the laminar flow
Autoclave apparatus properly to kill all contaminants
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Use water that is quality ensured
Distilled water has to be distill properly to remove all particles and autoclaved for
secondary sterilization on explant.
Use double or triple distillation, RO, ion exchange or ultrafiltration to remove
trace metal, bacteria and other organic compound.
Use a sterile chemical
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CONCLUSION
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Result of Callus Culture : Leaves of Hempedu Bumi
The media used in this propagation is NAA 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 and 3.0.
Based on the result, we can conclude that the media used for NAA 1.0 and 1.5 is the most ideal media for the callus culture of Hempedu
Bumi
Because the callus in media NAA 1.0 and 1.5 has produced more roots.
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Result of Micropropagation Borreria laevicaulis
1st Batch (Use BAP Hormone)
Media used in this propagation containing
BAP(benzylaminopurine) 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0.
The shoots produced more in media BAP 1.0 rather than 1.5 and 2.0.
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2nd Batch (Use KN Hormone)Using kinetin hormone with concentration 1.0,
2.0 and 3.0. media which containing KN 3.0 has more active
shooting explant rather than KN 1.0 and 2.0.
KN 3.0 can be considered as ideal media for micropropagation of Borreria sp.
Explant without respond(turn to brown) is higher than green in color.
Because of the aseptic technique mistakes in sterilisation process.
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THANK YOU