Spanish Object Expression under Incomplete L1 and L2 Acquisition
Essentials of L1 Acquisition SS 2007. When does language acquisition begin?
-
date post
20-Dec-2015 -
Category
Documents
-
view
214 -
download
0
Transcript of Essentials of L1 Acquisition SS 2007. When does language acquisition begin?
![Page 1: Essentials of L1 Acquisition SS 2007. When does language acquisition begin?](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d445503460f94a20794/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Essentials of L1 Acquisition
SS 2007
![Page 2: Essentials of L1 Acquisition SS 2007. When does language acquisition begin?](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d445503460f94a20794/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
When does language
acquisition begin?
![Page 3: Essentials of L1 Acquisition SS 2007. When does language acquisition begin?](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d445503460f94a20794/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Early speech production
1. crying, coughing, noises
2. babbling: babababa
![Page 4: Essentials of L1 Acquisition SS 2007. When does language acquisition begin?](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d445503460f94a20794/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Segmentation of the speech stream
• Phonological cues (e.g. pauses, intonation, stress)
• Distributional cues
bidtopt … ftulis … kji li optert …
![Page 5: Essentials of L1 Acquisition SS 2007. When does language acquisition begin?](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d445503460f94a20794/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Segmentation of the speech stream
ADULT: What’s that?
CHILD: That’s a nana.
![Page 6: Essentials of L1 Acquisition SS 2007. When does language acquisition begin?](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d445503460f94a20794/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
How do children acquire their native language? My research focuses on the kinds of learning abilities required to master the complexities of language. Three broad issues characterize my work. One line of research asks what kinds of learning emerge in infancy. A second line of research probes the biases that shape human learning abilities, and the relationship between these biases and the structure of human languages. A third issue concerns the extent to which the learning abilities underlying this process are specifically tailored for language acquisition. Related research concerns infant music perception, and the relationship between music and language learning.
![Page 7: Essentials of L1 Acquisition SS 2007. When does language acquisition begin?](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d445503460f94a20794/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Early speech perception
English [ba] – [da]
Hindi [Ôa] – [ta]
Nthlakapmx [k’i] – [q’i]
Werker ánd Tees (1984)
![Page 8: Essentials of L1 Acquisition SS 2007. When does language acquisition begin?](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d445503460f94a20794/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
German [Y] – [u]
Tür - Tour
Polka and Werker (1994)
Eraly speech perception
![Page 9: Essentials of L1 Acquisition SS 2007. When does language acquisition begin?](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d445503460f94a20794/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Japanese [l] – [r]
Tsushima et al. (1994)
Early speech perception
![Page 10: Essentials of L1 Acquisition SS 2007. When does language acquisition begin?](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d445503460f94a20794/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Phonemes are categories. Categories are mental constructs that underlie our perception of the world. There are everyday categories such as car and tree, and there are linguistic categories such as phonemes and noun phrases.
Early speech perception
What are categories good for?
![Page 11: Essentials of L1 Acquisition SS 2007. When does language acquisition begin?](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d445503460f94a20794/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Categories are shaped by experience: Every time a person encounters a particular entity it leaves a trace in memory.
Early speech perception
![Page 12: Essentials of L1 Acquisition SS 2007. When does language acquisition begin?](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d445503460f94a20794/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Emergence of phonemic categories
![Page 13: Essentials of L1 Acquisition SS 2007. When does language acquisition begin?](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d445503460f94a20794/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Emergence of phonemic categories
token cluster
![Page 14: Essentials of L1 Acquisition SS 2007. When does language acquisition begin?](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d445503460f94a20794/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
attractor
Emergence of phonemic categories
/d/
/t/
![Page 15: Essentials of L1 Acquisition SS 2007. When does language acquisition begin?](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d445503460f94a20794/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
attractor
Emergence of phonemic categories
/d/
/t/
![Page 16: Essentials of L1 Acquisition SS 2007. When does language acquisition begin?](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d445503460f94a20794/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Emergence of phonemic categories
attractor
/d/
/t/
![Page 17: Essentials of L1 Acquisition SS 2007. When does language acquisition begin?](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d445503460f94a20794/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Continuous perception
Categorical perception
Categorical perception
![Page 18: Essentials of L1 Acquisition SS 2007. When does language acquisition begin?](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d445503460f94a20794/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
[p]
Categorical perception
Liberman 1957
[b]
![Page 19: Essentials of L1 Acquisition SS 2007. When does language acquisition begin?](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d445503460f94a20794/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
VOT voice obset time
![Page 20: Essentials of L1 Acquisition SS 2007. When does language acquisition begin?](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d445503460f94a20794/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
VOT voice obset time
![Page 21: Essentials of L1 Acquisition SS 2007. When does language acquisition begin?](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d445503460f94a20794/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
VOT voice obset time
![Page 22: Essentials of L1 Acquisition SS 2007. When does language acquisition begin?](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d445503460f94a20794/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
VOT voice obset time
![Page 23: Essentials of L1 Acquisition SS 2007. When does language acquisition begin?](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d445503460f94a20794/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Categorical perception
![Page 24: Essentials of L1 Acquisition SS 2007. When does language acquisition begin?](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d445503460f94a20794/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Categorization is predetermined by constraints
that coerce us to perceive continuous entities as
discrete categories.
Categorical perception
Eimas et al. 1971
![Page 25: Essentials of L1 Acquisition SS 2007. When does language acquisition begin?](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d445503460f94a20794/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Language is an instrument used to …
• express anger• ask a question• promise someone to do something• warn somebody
Pragmatic development
![Page 26: Essentials of L1 Acquisition SS 2007. When does language acquisition begin?](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d445503460f94a20794/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Language is learned in social interactions involving
three important components:
• speaker• hearer• things and events talked about
Pragmatic development
![Page 27: Essentials of L1 Acquisition SS 2007. When does language acquisition begin?](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d445503460f94a20794/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Bühler 1934 Organon Model
Pragmatic development
![Page 28: Essentials of L1 Acquisition SS 2007. When does language acquisition begin?](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d445503460f94a20794/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
dyadic interactions
Pragmatic development
![Page 29: Essentials of L1 Acquisition SS 2007. When does language acquisition begin?](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d445503460f94a20794/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Triadic interactions
9-months revolution
Tomasello 1999
Pragmatic development
![Page 30: Essentials of L1 Acquisition SS 2007. When does language acquisition begin?](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d445503460f94a20794/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Lexical development
• People daddy, mommy, baby• Animals dog, kitty, bird, duck• Body parts eye, nose, ear• Food banana, juice, apple• Toys ball, balloon, book• Cloths shoe, sock, hat• Household objects bottle, keys, bath, spoon• Routines bye, hi, uh oh, night-night, no• Activities up, down, back• Sound imitating words woof, moo, ouch, baa baa, yum• Deictics that
![Page 31: Essentials of L1 Acquisition SS 2007. When does language acquisition begin?](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d445503460f94a20794/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Lexical development
1;2 – 1;3 First words
2;0 100-600 words
9-10 words a day
6;0 14,000 words
18;0 50,000 words
![Page 32: Essentials of L1 Acquisition SS 2007. When does language acquisition begin?](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d445503460f94a20794/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Vocabulary spurt
![Page 33: Essentials of L1 Acquisition SS 2007. When does language acquisition begin?](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d445503460f94a20794/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Symbolic nature of language
![Page 34: Essentials of L1 Acquisition SS 2007. When does language acquisition begin?](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d445503460f94a20794/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Onomatopoeica
buzz, murmur, hiss
cock-a-doodle-doo
![Page 35: Essentials of L1 Acquisition SS 2007. When does language acquisition begin?](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d445503460f94a20794/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Grammatical development
More car. 1;11
More that. 2;0
More cookie. 2;0
More fish. 2;1
More jump. 2;1
More Peter water. 2;4
![Page 36: Essentials of L1 Acquisition SS 2007. When does language acquisition begin?](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d445503460f94a20794/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Grammatical development
More car. 1;11
More that. 2;0
More cookie. 2;0
More fish. 2;1
More jump. 2;1
More Peter water. 2;4
![Page 37: Essentials of L1 Acquisition SS 2007. When does language acquisition begin?](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d445503460f94a20794/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Grammatical development
Block get-it. 2;3
Bottle get-it. 2;3
Mama get-it. 2;4
Towel get-it. 2;4
Dog get-it. 2;4
Books get-it. 2;5
![Page 38: Essentials of L1 Acquisition SS 2007. When does language acquisition begin?](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d445503460f94a20794/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Grammatical development
Spoon back. 2;2
Tiger back. 2;3
Give back. 2;3
Ball back. 2;3
Want ball back. 2;4
![Page 39: Essentials of L1 Acquisition SS 2007. When does language acquisition begin?](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d445503460f94a20794/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Lexically-specific constructions
More __ .
__ get-it.
__ back.
![Page 40: Essentials of L1 Acquisition SS 2007. When does language acquisition begin?](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d445503460f94a20794/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Lexically-specific constructions
No bed. 1;11
No bread. 2;0
No eat. 2;2
No milk. 2;2
No apple juice. 2;5
![Page 41: Essentials of L1 Acquisition SS 2007. When does language acquisition begin?](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d445503460f94a20794/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Lexically-specific constructions
Clock on there. 2;2
Up on there. 2;2
Hot in there. 2;2
Milk in there. 2;4
Water in there 2;5
![Page 42: Essentials of L1 Acquisition SS 2007. When does language acquisition begin?](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d445503460f94a20794/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Lexically-specific constructions
All broke. 2;0All buttened. 2;3All clean. 2;4All done. 2;4All gone milk. 2;2All gone shoe. 2;2All gone juice. 2;2All gone bear. 2;3
![Page 43: Essentials of L1 Acquisition SS 2007. When does language acquisition begin?](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d445503460f94a20794/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Lexically-specific constructions
Dat Daddy. 2;0
Dat’s Weezer. 2;0
Dat my chair. 2;1
Dat’s him. 2;1
Dat’s a paper too. 2;4
That’s too little for me. 2;9
![Page 44: Essentials of L1 Acquisition SS 2007. When does language acquisition begin?](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d445503460f94a20794/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Lexically-specific constructions
Rote
learning System
building
Item-specific
constructions
![Page 45: Essentials of L1 Acquisition SS 2007. When does language acquisition begin?](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d445503460f94a20794/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
Errors
• Errors of omission
• Errors of commission
![Page 46: Essentials of L1 Acquisition SS 2007. When does language acquisition begin?](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d445503460f94a20794/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Errors of omission
Run away. 1;11
Drink milk. 1;11
Touch duck. 2;0
Wanna apple 2;0
![Page 47: Essentials of L1 Acquisition SS 2007. When does language acquisition begin?](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d445503460f94a20794/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Errors of omission
Put __ in there. 1;11
Take __ away. 1;11
Push __ in there. 2;0
Kimmy do __. 2;1
Put __ on. 2;1
![Page 48: Essentials of L1 Acquisition SS 2007. When does language acquisition begin?](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d445503460f94a20794/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
Errors of comission
buy buyed
hit hitted
bring bringed
go goed (wented)
foot foots (feets)
child(ren) childrens
![Page 49: Essentials of L1 Acquisition SS 2007. When does language acquisition begin?](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d445503460f94a20794/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
Errors of comission
Ritter RittersZettel ZettelsSchlüssel SchlüsselnElefant ElefäntenArzt ÄrztenBruder BrudernEsel EselsBall BällerBild Bildern
![Page 50: Essentials of L1 Acquisition SS 2007. When does language acquisition begin?](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d445503460f94a20794/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
Overgeneralizations (2%)
correct (2,6) correct (3;5)
U-shaped development